Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): jordana barreto ferreira (arcelor mittal tubarão), bruno moraes cunha (arcelor mittal tubarão)
Abstract:
The blast furnace sludge is one of the most difficult waste to manage. This, among other factors, is due to the impact on the handling, transport and storage process resulting from a poor separation between phases: liquid-solid. Thus, it is interesting for companies in the industry to monitor the efficiency of sludge treatment systems with regard to quality and operational safety. Therefore, the work compared the productive efficiency between a centrifugal machine and a vacuum filter, explaining all the issues that justified the replacement of the separation technology to obtain better results. The study navigated areas of knowledge, established granulometric profiles, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the mud; analyzed the moisture content of the pies, in different scenarios, associating it to the results of concentration of solids in the filtered water; monitored the behavior of thickeners and determined the financial gain with freight resulting from the cost of transporting solids with lower moisture content. Thus, it was possible to verify that the centrifugation process generated a productive performance superior to that of vacuum filtration in the period analyzed for technical and financial reasons.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Antonio augusto martins pereira junior (IME)
Abstract:
The traditional reduction process of graphene oxide (GO) is sometimes delineated by obstacles and socio-environmental problems that are mainly associated with the use of harmful chemical compounds such as hydrazine and sodium borohydride. To minimize the impacts and adversities caused by these substances, this study presents an alternative model for the production of reduced graphene oxide (RGO), in which naringenin from the citrus industry was used as a reducing agent for OG. It is important to highlight that the use of antioxidant substances extracted from agro-industry residues to obtain graphene derivatives is configured as an environmentally friendly, economical, and innovative alternative. To measure the antioxidant action of naringenin and to observe the particularities of the material, characterization techniques were used: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM); X-ray Diffraction (XRD); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy; Thermogravimetry and Differential Exploratory Calorimetry. Based on the results, naringenin was shown to be effective in terms of the graphene oxide reduction process, thus being a viable and sustainable candidate for the production of OGR.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Roberto Teixeira Renó (daido quimica do brasil ltda), nilton josé linhares (daido quimica do brasil ltda), afonso hayashi (daido química do brasil ltda), Satoshi Inagaki (DAIDO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO)
Abstract:
This contribution shows the development carried out to meet the needs of the Customer for a cold strip mill (TCM) in processing products for different production flows with only one type of rolling oil rather than two types. The application only one oil was necessary due to the operational restrictions imposed by the use of two types of oil, one oil for the main system (2nd to 4th stand) and another for the 5th stand. By the correct definition of the needs provided by the Customer, an appropriate product was developed by the rolling oil supplier based on scientific studies, as well as the development conducted by the same team in the process-product adjustments. The development of the product, since its formulation and simulation tests were carried out in the Laboratory of the oil supplier in Japan and the application of the product developed on an industrial scale in Brazil, began in August 2018, with the completion of the adjustments of the parameters of the resulting emulsion in December 2020. The results obtained were satisfactory in terms of production process, environment, oil consumption, safety and product quality.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Christoph druffner (Maschinenfabrik Herkules GmbH & Co. KG)
Abstract:
This paper is dedicated to the challenges and solutions for machining tasks in roll shops of wire rod, rebar and long products mills around the world. Modern technologies available in 2021, which are required for succeeding in the coming decade, are being presented. Special emphasis is given to the automation of the process.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Bruno César Calazans de andrade (Ternium)
Abstract:
INTOCAST was founded in 1979, operating primarily in the non-moulded, casting materials and synthetic slag market. Through mergers and acquisitions, it began to operate in the molded refractories market since 2017. In July 2020, it sold its first converter lining in South America with Ternium Brasil. It surpassed the previous record by 16%, without restrictions operating and low-mass hot repair under 0,20 kg/t. In addition to the life record of the lining, it is emphasized that this result was obtained without applying restrictions of the steel mix and temperature, which were common in previous campaigns. Another significant result was the efficient operation of the combined blow until the end of the campaign. A key factor for the result achieved is the supplier and customer partnership, because the appropriate choice of refractories used, combined with the best practices of the client and management of key variables of the process, such as slag analysis, particularly the CaO/SiO2 ratio, MgO and FeO contents, level of oxidation of the bath, temperature, and maintenance techniques, provided this expressive result.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): armando vazquez Arredondo (tenova goodfellow inc.)
Abstract:
TENOVA'S INTELLIGENT EAF TECHNOLOGY (I EAF®) IS A PROCESS CONTROL PROGRAM FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRIC ARC FURNACES (EAF) AND IS BASED ON THE REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT OF EAF OFF-GAS AS WELL AS THE APPLICATION, IN REAL-TIME, OF PROCESS MODULES AND CONTROL ALGORITHMS FOR THE DYNAMIC CONTROL OF THE MELTING PROCESS. THIS TECHNOLOGY IS PART OF TENOVA’S PROCESS CONTROL SOLUTION THAT IS DESIGNED TO MEET THE NEEDS AND REQUIREMENTS OF THE DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION ERA AND INDUSTRY 4.0 FOR MANUFACTURING. THIS PAPER WILL OUTLINE THE PERSPECTIVE OF TENOVA'S DIGITAL PLATFORM FOR EAF PROCESS CONTROL, INDICATING THE INTEGRATION OF THE I EAF® SOLUTION, BOTH HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE AND DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY OF EACH ELEMENT. RESULTS ACHIEVED FROM RECENT INSTALLATIONS USING THE DIGITAL PLATFORM ARE ALSO DISCUSSED.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Wenderson tcharles resende (SMS group)
Abstract:
In the context of advancing digitalization, certification is playing an increasingly important role. It is often a prerequisite for steel producers to be able to sell their slabs to automotive manufacturers. To obtain such certification, a continuous process for the production of high-quality slabs and their subsequent treatment must be established. Usually, the various processing steps take place at different locations within the mill. With the fully automatic inline slab inspection system, SMS group has developed a new concept for this treatment process and brought the different processing steps together in one line: the slabs pass through a consistent process, which essentially includes the scarfing, descaling, three-dimensional inspection, and grinding of specific areas of the slab surfaces. In the scarfing process, all four surfaces – the two broad and the two narrow faces – are treated. This can be achieved by turning the slab 180°. The top and bottom faces of the slab are then automatically inspected by two and three-dimensional systems. Any defects detected in the process are eliminated by grinding the two broad faces, which can also be performed thanks to a 180° turn. In a final step, the slabs are provided with an identification mark and transported to the slab yard. Using an interface with level 2 of the X-Pact® electrical and automation system, feedback can be given on each slab leaving the line after treatment. This allows for continuous documentation of the entire process.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): YGOR PEREIRA DE LIMA (IME MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
The Ni-Ti system alloys have properties that are extremely interesting for the market, which combine the characteristics of shape memory effect (EMF) and superelasticity (SE). However, it is observed that these alloys have great behavioral sensitivity in relation to their composition, thermomechanical conditions and the presence of impurities, giving rise to the processing of alloys with different types based on NiTi intermetallic. In this context, the addition of niobium maintaining an atomic proportion of 47Ni-44Ti-9Nb causes an increase in its thermal thermal, without extinguishing, however, its EMF. In the present work we sought to produce an alloy of the Ni-Ti-Nb system via powder metallurgy, via conventional sintering (SC) and an end of observation microstructural evolution of the 47Ni-44Ti-9Nb alloy. As they were analyzed via optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction, where the collected results indicated that the temperature was insufficient for the formation of a formation mainly of NiTi-B2, despite having evidence of its presence in the samples. In addition, there was little difference in porosity comparing the pressed at 6 ton with the pressed at 9 ton, despite an increase in density.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): MARIVALDO JUNIOR MONTEIRO DE OLIVEIRA (Universidade Federal de ouro preto)
Abstract:
The blast furnace trough is an important equipment in the blast furnace manufacturing process. One of its functions is to promote separation between the hot metal and the slag. However, due to turbulence during tapping, metal droplets can be trapped in the slag layer leading to important losses. The economic impact of metal losses is important since large tonnages are involved. The flow pattern inside the blast furnace trough is understudied due to its complexity as it is highly dependent on the physical properties of the fluids, variables of the casting process and geometric characteristics of the blast furnace trough itself. Metal losses can be traced to the flow pattern. This aspect is discussed using computational modeling. The focus of this work is to evaluate the separation efficiency in blast furnace trough of different geometries. Improving slag-metal separation can provide significant economic gains in an operation that is often neglected in integrated steel mills.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): ANA MARIA GUILHERME BAILON (SAMARCO MINERAÇÃO), Luis Marcelo Tavares (Laboratório Tecnologia Mineral, COPPE/UFRJ), Felipe Otávio Morato (Samarco Mineração), Ricardo Jose Da Silva (samarco mineração), Arthur Trindade Klein (samarco mineração), Sergio Fernando Nunes (Samarco mineração), Pedro Berg Callado (samarco mineração)
Abstract:
During the sintering of iron ore pellets, the action of calcium oxide (CaO), obtained through the addition of limestone, is essential. Blocks of waste from marble mining have a chemical composition similar to that of limestone, and can replace it as a basicity corrector and flux during the sintering of the pellets. Pilot-scale tests were carried out for chemical and physical characterization, crushing and grinding tests on samples of marble residues and pellets produced using the residue as a basicity corrector and flux. Physical strength, microstructure and metallurgical behavior of the pellets were evaluated. The results show that the application of marble residue in the production of iron ore pellets maintained the same level of chemical, physical and metallurgical quality of the pellets when compared to those produced with limestone. Thus, the use in the production of pellets is a sustainable alternative for the destination of large volumes of marble waste generated in the production of ornamental stones. Keywords: Blocks; Waste; Marble; Pellets; Iron ore
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): PAULA VIEIRA SALOMÃO (HATCH LTD.), YASMIN MICHELINE ALVES SILVA (HATCH LTD.), THAIS LUSTOSA CARREIRA (HATCH LTD.), GUSTAVO BRANDÃO GIBERTI (HATCH LTD.), AUGUSTO RIBEIRO LAGES (HATCH LTD.)
Abstract:
INDUSTRY, ECONOMIC AND PUBLIC-HEALTH CONTEXT CHANGES, ALONG WITH TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS PRESENT A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY TO REVISIT TRADITIONAL HAZOP SESSION TECHNIQUE, AIMING AT ITS CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT, SO UPCOMING RISK ASSESSMENT CAN CULMINATE IN MORE ROBUST AND TANGIBLE RESULTS. WE FIRST INTENDED TO GATHER PERCEIVED DEFICIENCIES OF THE WELL-KNOWN HAZOP TECHNIQUE, TO ULTIMATELY ENHANCE IT, BY PROPOSING AND TRIALING NEW MECHANISMS, AND COVERING GAPS BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE. BASED ON EXPERIENCED HAZOP FACILITATORS’ AND ATTENDEES’ OPINIONS, RECURRING DEFICIENCIES WERE IDENTIFIED, NAMELY: PARTICIPANTS’ LIMITED UNDERSTANDING OF THE TECHNIQUE, LOW ENGAGEMENT, EXTENSIVE SESSIONS, UNPRODUCTIVE RISK CATEGORIZATION AND UNFRIENDLY PRESENTATION OF RESULTS. THIS ASSESSMENT OUTLINED THE BASIS FOR THE PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS: FACILITATOR HIGHER ACCOUNTABILITY AND PREPARATION; VISUAL MEDIA TO PREPARE ATTENDEES IN PRE-SESSION, ALSO AN OPPORTUNITY TO COLLECT INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENTS OF PERCEIVED RISKS THROUGH FORMS; OPTIMIZED SESSION TIME, USING DIGITAL TOOLS TO PRODUCTIVELY ACHIEVE CONSENSUS; RESULTS PRESENTATION IN A MORE INTUITIVE FORMAT, ALLOWING EASIER TRACKING OF FOLLOW UP ACTIONS. THIS MODIFIED HAZOP TECHNIQUE HAS BEEN PARTIALLY APPLIED TO AN FEL3 PROJECT IN MINING INDUSTRY, CONDUCTED REMOTELY. RESULTS SHOWED THAT PRE-SESSIONS HELPED PARTICIPANTS WITH LIMITED HAZOP KNOWLEDGE TO CONTRIBUTE, WHILE THE TECHNICAL REGISTER INDIVIDUAL FORMS ALSO LEVERAGED MORE CONTRIBUTION FROM EXPERIENCED COLLABORATORS. AS A RESULT, SESSIONS WERE MORE COMPREHENSIVE AND TIME-EFFICIENT. THE PARTIAL APPLICATION OF THE MODIFIED TECHNIQUE YIELDED SIGNIFICANT GAIN AND INDICATES THE POTENTIAL OF THIS TECHNIQUE FOR FUTURE STUDIES.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): elias Fonseca de castro (ANGLO AMERICAN MINERIO DE FERR)
Abstract:
The Minas-Rio beneficiation plant was designed to concentrate low-grade itabirite. The flotation was designed to receive two flows that have different particle sizes. This difference in particle size between the 2 flows that make up the flotation feed increases the loss of iron by hydraulic drag. In this study, the alteration of the existing process route was evaluated. The studied proposal consists of making the flotation of coarse and the magnetic concentration of the fines and ultrafines feasible, eliminating the 2nd stage of desliming. Industrial samples were studied on a laboratory and pilot plant to show the gains of this proposal. The results showed that the proposed circuit is more efficient than the existing one. By implementing this circuit, the production gain is over one million three hundred thousand tons per year, resulting in a high financial return
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): GABRIEL AUGUSTO DE AVILA SANTIAGO (Universidade federal fluminense (UFF)), Fábio de Oliveira Araujo (Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN)), Vitor Hugo Maia Netto (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL (CSN)), Rogério Itaborahy Tavares (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE (UFF)), Raphael Alexsander Ribeiro da Cunha (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL (CSN))
Abstract:
Formation of a superficial oxide layer (scale) during the reheating of steel plates is inevitable. During the passage of the plate through the walking beam furnace, different variables can affect both the kinetics and the shape of the formed scale. The alloying elements present in the chemical composition of steel affect, through different mechanisms, the morphology of the generated scale, in general decreasing the kinetics of its formation and/or increasing the adhesion of the oxide layer with steel. This work evaluated the influence of Mn and Si on the scale formation in steels processed in a hot strip rolling mill. After passing through the reheating furnace, samples were analyzed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, including the determination via EDS of the phases formed and the presence of alloying elements. The results indicated the possibility of Fayalite formation, the appearance of porosity and the "delamination" mechanism. Such mechanisms are harmful to the quality of the material, and their occurrence is related to the adherence of primary scale.
Technical Programming
WEAR RESISTANCE OF LOW ALLOY STEEL AFTER COLD PLASMA NITRIDING
Presenter(s): ADEVANIL DOS SANTOS SANTANA ( INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), Adonias Ribeiro Franco ( Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo), Estefano Aparecido Vieira ( Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo), Marcos Tadeu D Azeredo Orlando (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), Rackel Ribeiro Muniz Bezerra ( INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
The automotive industries use low-alloy steels in the manufacture of mechanical components for their excellent resistance to friction wear after heat treatment of tempering and tempering. AISI 4140 steel are classified as low alloy, have good hardenability and excellent core toughness. This feature makes it interesting for research. Among the various methods, cold plasma nitriding (NP) provides increased wear resistance to steels. For these reasons, AISI 4140 steel was heat treated by tempering and superficially hardened by plasma nitriding. The samples were subjected to the wear resistance test in a microabrasive system by free sphere. The thermochemical treatment enabled the formation of Mn4O and a diffuse layer of Fe4N with 110 μm of thickness with a maximum hardness of ~ 1000 HV. The diffusion of Nitrogen took place at a temperature of 340 ° C aided by alloy elements present in the steel and due to the presence of austenite retained in the tempered samples. Despite the formation of a nitrided Fe4N layer, the microabrasive wear coefficient did not improve in comparison to the only tempered sample. The results prove that in a wear system, hardness is not the only parameter to be evaluated to guarantee better results.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): kLEINER MARQUES MARRA (cENTRO uNIVERSITÁRIO una ), LIVIA CARNEIRO MARRA (TETTRAPACK)
Abstract:
It was studied an industrial ultra-low carbon steel sheet, with additions of Mn, Al and Si, cold-rolled, box annealed and under a skin pass. From this condition, it was applied a thermal treatment, under laboratory conditions, in order to produce a fully processed electrical steel (TP) under box annealing conditions. Alternatively other thermal treatment was applied to reproduce the condition that manufactures use to fabricate semi-processed electrical steel (SP). It was observed that TP route showed worse magnetic properties due to the smaller grain size associated with less favorable crystallographic texture.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): RAFAEL HENRIQUE ALVES GOMES (APTA SISTEMAS DE AUTOMAÇÃO)
Abstract:
LOTO procedures preserve lives in all industrial segments. However, current procedures can be violated due to their manual and non-audit feature. This article will explore a solution created so that LOTO can be carried out in a procedural and supervised manner, decreasing the incentive to violate vital security procedures. The proposed methodology includes the insertion of new agents in the current process, such as, for example, software capable of managing the entire LOTO flow and automatic blocking boxes for key storage, with remote activation. The feasibility of the solution presented is analyzed based on a case study of its implementation in a multinational company, in Minas Gerais
Round Table
6/7/22, 8:35 AM - 6/7/22, 12:55 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinators: José Carlos D'Abreu - Emeritus Professor at PUC-RJ - Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro; Luiz Cláudio Pinto Oliveira - Managing Partner of Ensoreso Consultoria e Projetos Ltda
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): elton flavio de oliveira paulino (CSN - VOLTA REDONDA - BR 393 -)
Abstract:
In the production of pig iron is generated Blast Furnace Gas (BFG), a byproduct of high relevance for the energetic balance of steel plant. This work aimed to verify the possible causes for the clogging on the gas cleaning system of Blast Furnace 3, using six sigma methodology. The water piping had presented obstructions, demanding the replacement of the piping more often. After the evaluation of the Blast Furnace and Water Treatment Unit Systems, the control parameters and the operational procedures were adjusted minimizing the scale on the water distribution piping and Scrubber system.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): DANILSON GONCALVES DE MELO E SILVA (refrathermique indústria e comércio ltda.)
Abstract:
Steel structural elements for the construction industry lose their mechanical properties considerably above 500C. Therefore, one of the ways to act in the fire prevention is to use thermal protection materials. Among the products available on the market, there are intumescent coatings. These materials when exposed to high temperatures expand forming a carbon layer with insulating properties. In this context the goal of this work was to develop 03 formulations of intumescent coatings to protect thermally metallic structures. Duplicate tests were carried on and compared to the results obtained in substrates without any coating. A coating thickness of 1.0 mm was applied over the substrates and the time to determine the fire resistance of the system was equal to 30 minutes. The swelling coating process showed satisfactory results in terms of thermal protection since the cold face temperatures recorded were below 230C. For the uncoated substrate, this value was 500C. The expansion values presented by the carbonaceous masses formed were above 650%.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): FRANCISCO GERALDO TOLEDO JR (APERAM INOX AMERICA DO SUL SA), Celso Custodio Riechelmann (APERAM INOX AMERICA DO SUL SA), geovane martis castro (APERAM INOX AMERICA DO SUL SA), Keyferson Gonçalves Ferreira (APERAM INOX AMERICA DO SUL SA), Marcio Aurélio Gomes Fernandes (APERAM INOX AMERICA DO SUL SA), Rafael Rezende Montes (APERAM INOX AMERICA DO SUL SA), Thiago Silva Rocha (APERAM INOX AMERICA DO SUL SA)
Abstract:
SAE 1012 is a carbon (non-alloy) steel. It is easily workable steel due to its mechanical strength, toughness, ductility, weldability, and machinability. For these reasons, it is used in final multiple applications, mainly for metal profiles and tubes. In 2019, there was a degradation of the national carbon and alloyed steel market, with losses in profitability, due to the increase in the cost of raw materials, mainly iron ore. Using the tools Brainstorming, Matrix Effort x Impact, and 5W2H, a new opportunity was envisioned and prioritized by the team. The challenge was to produce hot coils of 1.8 mm and 1.9 mm thickness with good quality, yield, and productivity. The thickness aimed was below Steckel's nominal specification of Aperam Timóteo. Robust hot process standards have been developed with an emphasis on the thermomechanical cycle in Rougher and Steckel Rolling Mills based on high-performance cylinders (HSS) use. With the greatest project agility, after 3 months only, the product portfólio of Aperam was upgraded, including the prototyping milestone. An important order volume of Hot rolled SAE 1012 grade was added to the business portfolio, which was the pillar of maintenance of production levels in the plant's hot circuit. Based on the understanding of the fundamentals of the physical metallurgy of hot deformation, mainly hot mathematical simulation, a new phase of the development is ongoing aiming to expand the current portfolio, even more, mainly new thickness and new width in the Steckel mill product window
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Julio Cesar Enge Raele (Raele Consultoria e Treinamento em Engenharia EIRELI), norbert asamer (braun maschinenfabrik gmbh)
Abstract:
Abrasive cutting is the ideal cutting technology to increase the throughput capacity as well as the flexibility of hot rolling mills, mainly for long but also for flat products. A higher degree of automation reduced overall running costs and an improved quali-ty of the rolled products are as well substantial advantages of abrasive cut-off ma-chines compared to conventional cutting techniques. For that reason, new rolling mills, in particular for SBQ products, are equipped with abrasive cut-off machines. During recent years, also numerous existing rolling mills have been upgraded by ret-rofitting abrasive cut-off machines. To achieve best possible results, however, it is essential that the abrasive cut-off machines used are specifically designed and perfectly tuned to the individual application. Taking large-scale projects recently executed by BRAUN as examples, the concepts how the requirements of rolling mill equipment and rolled product are met are described.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): CAROLINA ALENCAR CALDEIRA DE SOUZA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Angelo Siqueira da Silva (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Andersan dos Santos Paula (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Fabiane Roberta Freitas da Silva (uff - uNIVERSIDADE fEDERAL fLUMINENSE), Luiz Paulo Mendonça Brandão (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), sAULO BRINCO DINIZ (CEFET - Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica Celso Suckow da Fonseca)
Abstract:
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state bonding process, which has been widely used and studied in recent years. In this work, it were evaluated the ductility, the yield (YS) and the tensile strength (TS) of the 7475-T7351 aluminum joined by FSW, obtained through uniaxial tensile tests at room temperature and at 300 ºC. To the microstructural characterization the stereoscope, optical microscope and scanning electron microscope were used. In the tensile test at room temperature the YS and TS were nearby, but there are indications that after the FSW these are higher, however, the inverse occurs for the hot tensile test. After the FSW there was a great ductility decrease in both tensile tests.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): BRENO TOTTI MAIA (LUMAR METALURGICA LTDA)
Abstract:
In the BOF converters are frequently problems due skull around lances. This a reason for many efforts and safety attentions. There were developed a special lance with special shape in copper to avoid this problem. Numbers are incredible in life and avoid lance skulls. With this new routine, operators and mainatence team didn´t inspect lance like in the past and some times huge skulls grow up around lance and make damages for movable hoods and lances. This papers show a virtual eye to inspect and measure the thickness of skull around lance every heat.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): armando vazquez (tenova goodfellow inc.)
Abstract:
Tenova’s Intelligent EAF technology (i EAF®) provides a multistep roadmap for continuous improvement, cost saving and increased safety. A full i EAF®’ System is a combination of real-time measurements, using state-of-the-art technology and robust process models, including a precise real-time mass & energy balance; with the objectives to reduces operating costs while increasing yield & productivity; The i EAF® also represents a powerful, stable and robust process control engine for EAF Level 2 automation and it could be enhanced with the industry’s most comprehensive water leak detection using both H2 & H2O vapor analysis. This paper includes a technical description of the technology, applications and reference list and latest results
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Demetrius da Rós Ruy (arcelormittal tubarão)
Abstract:
As part of the progressive renovation project of the steel plant facilities, Arcelor Mittal Tubarão has decided to proceed with the revamp of CCM#2 slab caster in Vitoria (Brazil), aiming to improve slab quality, increase productivity and widening at the same time the product portfolio. Focused on updating process and operation control with the full set of the advanced up-to-date Q-Technological Packages by Danieli Automation. Scope of work has been the complete renovation of the caster, with advanced mould (equipped by Q-WIDTH model) and oscillator, “tight roll pitch” segments for DSR application driven by Q-CORE model, fine and flexible control of slab cooling by Q-COOL model. The casting floor (ladle turret and tundish) have been kept unchanged as well as the evacuation area pass-line, with modernization of the downstream single machines. Mould fluid-dynamic has been deeply studied together both in CFD and water model test. The superior quality on strip surface is confirming the good design for SENs and achievements of the mould level control (Q-Level+), supported as well by in site measurements of meniscus behavior. In the present paper are described the relevant studies carried out, the achievements and the results for CCM#2 performances in terms of productivity and operation, as well as product quality.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Anderson Nicolodi (UFRGS - Laboratório de siderurgia), Ricardo ilha (Gerdau riograndense), sabrina karnopp forte (GERDAU RIOGRANDENSE), wagner viana bielefeldt (UFRGS - LABORATÓRIO DE SIDERURGIA), Antônio cezar faria vilela (UFRGS - LABORATÓRIO DE SIDERURGIA)
Abstract:
This study aimed to make feasible the production of a low carbon steel in an electric steel shop for galvanized wire manufacturing. Six steels were produced based on the SAE 1005 standard: one steel produced at an integrated steel mill equipped with a basic oxygen furnace, one steel with boron addition produced at an integrated steel mill equipped with a basic oxygen furnace, one steel produced at an electrical steel shop, and three steels with different levels of boron addition produced at an electrical steel shop. These steels were used for production of galvanized wires BWG 12. The characterization of the steels and galvanized wires aimed to determine chemical composition, mechanical strength (tensile test) and strain ageing behavior. The results obtained indicate that the addition of boron in the production of steel in an electric melt shop considerably reduces the ultimate tensile strength and increases the elongation of galvanized wires, making them similar to those produced in integrated steel mills. These observations are even clearer for the steel with intermediate boron content. Under the conditions in which this study was carried out, it was observed that the production of low carbon steel in an electric steel shop for the manufacture of galvanized wires could be carried out with appropriate additions of boron in the steel composition.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): ERIC YOSHIMITSU SAKO (SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE CERAMICS AND REFRACTORIES), HELOISA DALTOSO ORSOLINI (SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE CERAMICS AND REFRACTORIES), DEIVISON CARLOS FONTES HESPANHOL (SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE CERAMICS AND REFRACTORIES), DOUGLAS FERNANDO GALESI (SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE CERAMICS AND REFRACTORIES), BIANCA MARIA GOMES DA SILVA (SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE CERAMICS AND REFRACTORIES), NILTON FERNANDO DOS SANTOS JANUARIO (SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE CERAMICS AND REFRACTORIES), JAMILSON LEAL de sousa ferreira (SAINT-GOBAIN PERFORMANCE CERAMICS AND REFRACTORIES)
Abstract:
A stable blast-furnace operation is strongly associated with the performance of tap hole clay, as a poor material could lead to an inefficient liquid drainage. Usually, tap hole clay is damaged due to the combined effect of slag corrosion and pig iron erosion, which has recently become more aggressive due to the use of cheaper raw-materials and low-cost operational practices. Aligned with such challenging scenario, Saint-Gobain developed a high-performance solution based on an innovative tap hole clay with a graphene-like structure, which guarantees an outstanding chemical resistance and, as a consequence, a stable and long lasting protective mushroom
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Manoel Carreira neto (SENAI CIMATEC)
Abstract:
Iron ore pellets are a high value-added product. The demand for this product is growing in the global market and high productivity is a critical factor. The discharge ramp is an equipment coupled to the pelletizing disc with the function of collecting the pellets formed on the disc and forwarding them to the process sequence. The maim problems found in the discharge ramp are the ore aggregation and abrasive wear. These phenomena cause maintenance stoppages, compromising productivity. This work evaluates different materials to minimize these problems through measures of adhesive energy and abrasive wear. The results do not clearly show a better performance among the tested materials. There is a discussion of other variables that should be analyzed
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): JUSCELINO MENDES PRADO (UFOP), Letícia Maria de Melo Silva Cheloni (UFOP), FEllipe Rogério tavares carvalho (ufop), júnia toledo fagundes (ufop), Vladmir Kronemberger Alves (ufop)
Abstract:
Studies on the reuse of iron ore tailings (IOT) have stood out in recent years, due to the increase of the waste volume and accidents that occur in tailings dams. Thus, this work aims to present the state of the art of studies related to the reuse of iron ore tailings in Brazil and to be used as a guide for future works that intend to find alternatives for the reuse of IOT. The results of the research showed that the main characteristics of the IOT that should be analyzed initially are granulometry and chemical composition. Therefore, applications for IOT can be estimated, such as in the production of artificial stones, geopolymers, ceramic tiles, and others. In addition, studies on the applications of IOT are not limited to civil construction, since there are already other alternatives that deserve to be highlighted, as in the production of supercapacitors for instance.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): ALEXANDRO ULIANA (Samarco Mineração S.A.)
Abstract:
The study presented here had been to objective discuss about the influence of the residence time versus percentage of solids in the feed of stages of itabiritic iron ore flotation from Samarco Mineração. Using samples named of coarses, fines and ultrafines, collected in the industrial circuits and/or prepared in laboratory, was done kinetics flotation tests in two different scales. With the results, the evaluated responses variables were: grade of silica in the concentrate, grade of iron in the tailing, metallurgical recovery and Gaudin’s selectivity index – been these the some of major parameters in the concentration process. In pilot and laboratory cell, it was possible to affirm that a reduction of the percentage of solids to values below the industrial practiced [from actual 55 and 40%, depending on the circuit] brings greater selectivity to the process, with a reduction of grade of iron in the tailing and silica in the concentrate – even assuming a shorter residence time. If applicable at large scales, such alternative would allow a better use of the mineral resources and a less generation and/or discharge of tailings.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): joshua alyson freitas ribeiro (universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
Maraging steels are extremely important for the industry, among the many possible applications of this material, there are some components of ultracentrifuges used for uranium enrichment. With martensitic microstructure and high content of alloying elements, it is common to use heat treatments to adapt the properties of the material to the specific use. It is known that the exposure of such steels to specific atmospheres and temperatures leads to the formation of surface oxides with spinel type microstructure, which can help in the corrosion resistance of the material. This research aims to study the influence of oxides formed after exposure of steels in a CO2 / H2O vapor atmosphere on electrochemical properties. The analyzes were performed using the techniques of Open Circuit Potential, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy and Linear Polarization. The comparison was made with the samples without the oxide coating in the solubilized and aged conditions at 480ºC for 3 hours. The experiments were carried out in a 0.01M hydrofluoric acid solution.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Alessandro Dias de Oliveira (CSN - Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional)
Abstract:
The non-reflow tinplates (matte aspect) were produced in laboratory, in which an industrial electrolytic bath was used (methane sulfonic acid - MSA). Different electric current plating densities (10 a 60 A·dm-2) have been used to produce that sample, keeping other process parameters constant. The texture analysis showed, by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) via SEM, that there was a change on coating crystallography texture between densities 10 and 20 A·dm-2. The presence of preferential texture (001) and (742) has been observed in electroplated coating produced under the density 10 A·dm 2. In the range densities 20 to 60 A·dm-2 were identified the component (744) and (743). Preferential texture evolution involved planes with similar packing density values, which does not compromise the corrosion resistance of the material.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): BIANKA NANI VENTURELLI (ESCOLA POLITECNICA DA USP)
Abstract:
This paper studies the effect of manganese content (5, 8, 12, 15 and 18%) on the wear resistance and impact properties of Hadfield steels. Mechanical tests results showed that Hadfield steel with 15% Mn had the highest value of the impact energy (249J), followed by Hadfield with higher C and Mn content (1.4% C and 18% Mn, 201J), and the conventional Hadfield steel (12% Mn, 199J). Hadfield steel with 15%Mn presented the highest value of Hardness (HV30). In the rubber wheel abrasion tests, Hadfield steel with 8%Mn presented the lowest value of mass loss, followed by 12% and 15%Mn. Microscopic characterization of the fractured test-pieces indicated that higher Mn contents increased the proportion of plastic deformation by the twinning mechanism.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:00 AM - 6/7/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): SERGIO VALLE JR (ARCELORMITTAL BRASIL SA)
Abstract:
THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS THE STRATEGY ADOPTED BY ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO IN GENERATING A QUALITY INDICATOR FOR THE TRACKING PROCESS OF SLABS PRODUCED IN ITS CONTINUOUS CASTING MACHINES. FOR THIS, A SOLUTION WAS DEVELOPED WITH THE OBJECTIVE OF ALLOWING THE AUTOMATIC RECOGNITION OF PRINTED CHARACTERS EVEN AT HIGH TEMPERATURES, IN ADDITION TO SHARING THE INFORMATION COLLECTED WITH THE COMPANY'S SYSTEMS. THE SOLUTION IMPLEMENTED REACHED AN ASSERTIVENESS INDEX OF 86.26% IN PRODUCTION, CONSIDERED EXCELLENT GIVEN THE ADVERSE CONDITIONS OF THE PROCESS.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Roberto Abreu Alencar (CSP), vitor leão sousa bezerra (csp), erik alan de arruda vieira (csp)
Abstract:
Due to an internal crisis of loss of productivity of productivity and risk of environmental impact, because of the concentration of cyanides in the effluent of the gas cleaning system of the Blast Furnace. This anomaly collapsed the water treatment systems. So, there was an investigative work to create control actions for the system. As a result of the data obtained during data collection, a cyanide level prediction model was developed, using regressions. The model obtained during the testing phase obtained results of R2 = 0.75.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Geovana Carla gIRONDI dELAQUA (UENF - ALBERTO LAMEGo), Gabriel Neves Araújo Coelho (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Diego Alexsander Moreira Pires (Universidade Federal do ABC), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Djalma Souza (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Elaine Cristina Pereira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Fernando Vernilli Jr (Enscola de Enhenharia de Lorena - USP), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
The pulp and paper industry traditionally breaks down environmental problems due to the large amount of waste generated, of which stand out as biomass boiler ash and wastewater. An increase in ash as a real challenge, as it has erosive capacity and does not burn, requiring its own system for removal. This work aims to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating a red ceramic ash boiler. The raw materials were subjected to characterization tests, and compositions were prepared with different percentages of 0; 2.5; 5; 10 and 20% by weight of light ash in the ceramic mass. The ceramic specimens were pressed-shaped and fired at 600 to 1050ºC and subsequently the tests were technologically tested, such as: linear shrinkage, water absorption and compressive strength. Experimental results indicate that the eucalyptus light ash waste as positively influenced the technological properties of the red ceramic pieces. The results also show that between 5 and 10% in ash waste as a partial substitute of plastic clay allows the use of red ceramic products of excellent technical quality
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): geovane tadeu de sousa (vallourec soluções tubulares do brasil)
Abstract:
Vallourec Soluções Tubulares do Brasil has at its site in the Barreiro region, in Belo Horizonte, a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) where occurs the treatment and recirculation of the water used in the industrial processes of rolling, heat treatment, cold drawing and threading. This plant has the second highest energy consumption among the energy and utilities facilities and is one of the biggest individual consumers at the Barreiro site. This paper presents the work of modifying the steps of water treatment within the station, using the DMAICS methodology, to optimize the consumption of electrical energy per cubic meter of recirculate, maintaining the quality required by customers.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): CRISTOVAO NERY GIACOMIN (USINAS SIDERURGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS SA)
Abstract:
The present paper aims to evaluate the flow inside the descaling header present at USIMINAS’ hot strip, as well as the influence of descaling nozzle designs on the water spray shape, through the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. For such analysis, the software Siemens NX Mach 12.0 was used for geometry modeling, followed by the use of Siemens STAR CCM+ 13.06.012 to perform the CFD analysis. This paper states that, during the process, there appears to be a pressure change inside the header, depending on the equipment length, along with water impinging on the nozzle’s filters that generate a turbulence within the system flow. The turbulence can negatively impact the water spray quality, whilst consequently descaling the process efficiency. Also noted, was the influence on how nozzle geometry is related to the water spray shape, such that the cone angle and the “pseudo” radios formed by these projections of nozzle holes. In conclusion, it is deemed acceptable to start a second stage of this project in order to analyze the spray influence in relation to the hot strip cooling and the surface impinging.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): ana paola villalva braga (instituto de pesquisas tecnológicas ), felipe moreno siqueira borges de carvalho (instituto de pesquisas tecnológicas)
Abstract:
The products of interest in this work are helical springs for use in vehicle suspension. A work plan based on the combination of alloy design and processing route is proposed to maximize resistance to corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement associated with increased mechanical strength (tensile strength, impact resistance, and fatigue life improvement) through grain refining. It was possible to notice that despite the reduction in the carbon content of the alloys, it was possible to maintain the same level of yield stress compared with the alloy traditionally used for spring steels (AISI 9254) and increase the impact resistance by 500%. Due to the change in chemical composition in the proposed new alloys, it was possible to verify the significant improvement in the corrosion performance (15% better) of the different materials proposed, as well as resistance to hydrogen embrittlement measured by loss of ductility in the 3-point bending tests.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Vitória lima de souza (UFC (CAMPUS DO PICI))
Abstract:
The use of rebar as structural reinforcement of reinforced concrete shows the relevance of these materials in many industrial sectors, particularly in construction and infrastructure. In this context, the rolling manufacturing allows obtaining a material with lower cost and considerable quality, according to the required specifications, remarkably when performing, in hot rolling, the Thermex heat treatment step, in which the improvement of the mechanical properties is obtained because of the microstructural transformations that occurred. These transformations also influence the corrosion resistance of the material, as the microstructural variations acquired by the heat treatment parameters can present different performances in terms of corrosion. In this work, the CA-50 rebar made of 1025 carbon steel was evaluated regarding corrosion resistance, whose interest was in the effect of Thermex on this property. Electrochemical analyzes such as Open Circuit Potential, Linear Polarization Curves and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy were carried out, and with the solutions of 250, 500 and 1000 ppm NaCl, helped to define the main corrosion parameters. In addition, Vickers Microhardness measurements indirectly verified the microstructural transformations that occurred during the treatment. The microstructural characterization by Scanning Electron Microscopy, in its turn, in addition to identifying the phases formed after the treatment, also characterized the morphology after the corrosion tests, revealing the presence of generalized and localized corrosion. The techniques used in the routes with and without Thermex allowed us to highlight that the microstructure formed along the Thermex is decisive for the differences obtained in the characterizations, impacting on the corrosion resistance of the rebar.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Natalia Piedemonte Antoniassi (universidade de são paulo), Ronaldo Adriano Alvarenga Borges (universidade de são paulo), Guilherme Frederico Bernardo Lenz e Silva (universidade de são paulo)
Abstract:
Refractories have a great importance in the steel industry. Studies on the wear of refractories are not uncommon. These analyses are generally done by statistical methods, based in premises that can't always be achieved with industrial data bases. To avoid these assumption, computational methods, such as Artificial Neural Networks and machine learning, can be used. The present work provides a method for utilizing Self-Organizing Maps for feature extraction and variable selection in the wear of refractories in steel making ladles. A bootstrapping and stabilization evaluation were carried on, where it was found that 87.5% of the system's variables converge via SOM. The variable selection showed 80% similarity to the statistical method and could identify hidden features of the data. A linear regression model was created based on the variables selected via SOM, which was smaller and just as well fitted as the model presented in the previous work. This SOM based model also had a better sensibility analysis when compared to the statistical based one. It was concluded that the proposed method provides a good support for decision making when addressing the control and prediction of the refractories life without requiring knowledge from the process or large time and/or effort.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): gianluca maccani (BM GROUP POLYTEC)
Abstract:
The paper presents a robotic workstation, which has been developed and installed in the steel shop of an Italian steel company, representing one of the first attempts to establish a collaborative environment where a robot supports the technical personnel in a complex and delicate maintenance operation. The purpose of the robotic cell is to support the inspection, cleaning and replacement operations of the refractory components of the so-called “sliding gate”, namely the de- vice allowing the liquid steel to flow from the ladle to the tundish of the continuous casting. The robotic cell includes a vision system supporting the different operations, and a Human Machine Interface, which facilitates the interaction between the robot and the operators and helps to improve the qualitative performance of the whole process. Within such a course, the sequence and new division of human-robot activities were thoroughly developed within an innovation process integrating the future users and operators (embedding technological innovation within a social innovation process). In the steel sector the implementation of human-robot cooperation is hampered and slowed down by harsh environmental conditions in some applications, as well as by intrinsic difficulties of some operations, which require a combination of force and precision and need to be supervised and acknowledged by the technical personnel due to strict safety regulations
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Alexandre de Freitas gomes de mendonça (Usiminas), Gilberto Henrique dos Reis Marçal (Usiminas), Roberto da Costa Quinino (UFMG)
Abstract:
Continuous casting is responsible for the controlled solidification of liquid steel. Solidification begins in the mold by the formation of a shell that supports the liquid core throughout the machine. The rupture of this shell represents one of the biggest problems in the continuous casting process. To avoid this problem, a Breakout Detection System (BDS) is used to continuously monitors thermal parameters through thermocouples strategically positioned in the mold. In the literature, the main failure mode is by shell sticking in the mold, however with exploratory data analysis, through control charts, it was possible to identify a peculiar failure pattern in the casting machines and to establish innovative criteria for the activation of BDS to reduce the casting speed and eliminate the risk of shell breakage. The probability to activate the new BDS logic is less than 1.82·10^-6, and this implies approximately 2 alarms per strand/month. This solution removes a point of vulnerability from the current BDS and elevates the casting machine on a new level of operational safety.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Christien Guisard Hauegen (ArcelorMittal Tubarão)
Abstract:
The environment in which a steel structure is built affects the durability of its components, vis-à-vis the corrosion indexes according to ABNT NBR 14643:2001 and EN ISO 9223:2012. Regarding steel tiles, the most effective protection alternative corresponds to the deposit of a metallic coating over the metal base. Depending on chosen material, multiple performances are possible face to the environment. In addition, mechanical parameters also influence durability, in special thickness and steel grade, which must be compatible with project premises. As such, this article presents a review on main coating alternatives available for steel tiles as well as minimum mechanical requirements to ensure well performance during its lifetime. Hence, Zinc-Magnesium-Aluminium alloy was found to be the best alternative in alkaline environments and, at the same time, thinner tiles, at most those with thickness less than 0,40 mm, are more susceptible to serviceability limit states due to their reduced effective flexural stiffness.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): alexandre patricio vieira da silveira (Ternium Brasil)
Abstract:
The regenerators are heat exchangers whose function is to preheat the air wich will be blown trough the Tuyeres into the Blast Furnace. Blast Furnaces, in their operation , generate gas at the top, their composition being relatively rich in terms of calorific value. The generated gas is used to heat the refractory stack in the regenerators. During the campaign can occur a problem in the proccess heating the air regenerators causing undersired variantions and consequently disturbances in the steel process.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): RODRIGO MAGALHAES DE CARVALHO (FUNDACAO COPPETEC)
Abstract:
The permeability in the indurating furnace is the main factor that ensures a better firing and, consequently, better physical quality of the fired pellets and lower thermal consumption. The size distribution of the pellets from the balling plant to the furnace influences the permeability of the bed in the indurating furnace. Given the difficulties in dealing with the granular flow of the pellets, there is a need for the development of a model that allows for predictions of flow characteristics on the furnace feed. In order to achieve this, a phenomenological model for the green pellets handling was developed and validated using the discrete element method (DEM). This new pellet handling model, which demands much lower computational cost than DEM simulations, allowed for the optimization of the pellet bed profile in conveyor belts and in the feed of the induration furnace, by changes in conveyor belt layout and speed.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Jadir Pedro Alves (autônomo)
Abstract:
For some years now, companies have been looking for and working with some situations that exceed the limits of their business. Social, environmental and ethical issues have led these companies to seek more rational and politically correct ways to resolve possible conflicts and, above all, to gain advantages before their competitors and customers. In this way, Sustainability arises and with it new concepts are introduced, such as Social Responsibility, Social Inclusion and Social Marketing. Aiming to verify the collective perception about Social Marketing as a competitive differential for a mining company, a research was carried out with a qualitative and quantitative approach, of an exploratory and descriptive nature, using the case study method. Social Marketing can be seen as a competitive differential that aims to favor the organization and its image before its stakeholders, whereas Social Responsibility is the form of management that is defined by the company's ethical and transparent relationship with all the audiences with which it is involved. Relationships and the establishment of business goals that drive the sustainable development of society. Social inclusion offers equal opportunities for everyone to access goods and services. The results show that people are still unable to see the use of Social Marketing as a competitive advantage and that Mining companies have used this concept in a very limited way
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Mauricio Segato (VALE)
Abstract:
Principal component analysis (PCA) is a multivariate analysis technique used to analyze relationships among a large number of variables to dimensionality reduction of a dataset into a smaller set of variables with minimal information loss. In this paper, PCA was applied using the RStudio program to evaluate the feasibility of the technique to facilitate flotation performance analysis in an iron ore processing plant. The dataset was obtained through a routine sampling during two months of regular operating period. It was analyzed original variables of chemical and particle size analysis and calculated variables, such as mass and metallurgical recovery. It was possible to reduce seven original variables to two main components. The two components together explain about 60% of the total variability of the data. The first component explains about 33% of the variance and is related to the efficiency of the process. The second component explains around 27% and is correlated with the selectivity of the process. The results show that principal component analysis is an effective technique for application in real flotation circuits, as it facilitates the interpretation of performance data and allows more assertive decision-making to improve process efficiency in the operational routine.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): ANDRE LUIZ RECH MOTA (PUC-RIO, DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA CIVIL E AMBIENTAL), luiz carlos wrobel (PUC-Rio, Departamento de Engenharia Civil e Ambiental)
Abstract:
Corrosion is the most recurrent pathology in reinforced concrete, responsible for high costs in the recovery of the affected structure. In addition to direct costs such as materials used in the recovery, specialized labor, replacement of affected parts or equipment, there are indirect costs such as the suspension of use of the structure, loss of products such as oil, solutions, gas or water, loss of efficiency and product contamination. Finding ways to combat and prevent corrosion is extremely important. Cathodic protection has been presented in recent decades as an effective way to combat corrosion, not only stopping the corrosive process completely, but also preventing the appearance of new points. Its use has been increasingly applied in reinforced concrete structures, such as bridges, piers, industrial and residential buildings and tunnels. This article presents the computational program GCPCalculator developed for the design of galvanic anodes for steel protection in reinforced concrete, and also presents the design of the cathodic protection system for a column using the program. The results obtained are presented and discussed in this article.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): alexsandro bobsin (Universidade do vale do rio dos sinos (unisinos) - instituto tecnológioc de semicondutores)
Abstract:
The development of conductive inks containing metallic microparticles has gained evidence in recent years for applications in the semiconductor industry. In its composition, copper or silver particles are generally used, however, the high cost of silver and the oxidation of copper are limitations to produce of conductive material. Therefore, this work developed and characterized a conductive ink based on copper particles covered by silver (Cu-Ag) to overcome both disadvantages of pure metals. The morphology, size and composition of the particles were evaluated, and the electrical, physical and chemical characteristics of the ink were determined. The Cu-Ag particles showed irregular morphology with an average diameter of 4.54 µm. The ink showed pseudoplastic behavior and electrical resistivity in the order of 10-04 Ω.cm when sintered from 150 °C, in addition to excellent adhesion to flexible substrates. The results show that the ink obtained can be used in the area of flexible electronics, offering solutions by both spray and screen printing
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): kLEINER MARQUES MARRA (cENTRO uNIVERSITÁRIO una ), LIVIA CARNEIRO MARRA (TETTRAPACK)
Abstract:
This paper is focused on electrical vehicles. Some aspects of their history and market evolution is presented. Nowdays the electrical vehicles have almost 2% of car world sales, concentred mainly in developed countries. Some characteristics of electric vehicle motors are cited and is emphasized that electric steels applied to motor cores need to have specific requirements which are high magnetic permeability, high saturation induction, very low core loss, adequate mechanical resistance and good punchability. Finally it was mentioned that the world's leading steelmakers already offer steels with all the requirements suitable for electric car motors
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:25 AM - 6/7/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Leandro Rodrigues Ramos (ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO)
Abstract:
Clogging of submerged entry valves in the continuous casting process increase the frequency of interruptions in operation. These interruptions increase operating costs and can cause a variety of quality problems. The absence of data sets labeled for clogging has prevented the application of machine learning methods for predicting this anomaly. This work sought to develop semiautomatic techniques for labeling reference data sets. As a first step, a clustering technique was applied over time series using the DBSCAN algorithm. The generated clusters were used as seeds for a semi-supervised label propagation process.This process generated a database that was validated by specialists where the data labeled as clogging were considered correctly labeled.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): erik alan de arruda vieira (Companhia Siderúrgica do pecem)
Abstract:
In the second half of 2020, CSP - Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem experienced an internal crisis of loss of productivity and risk of environmental impact, due to side effects of the increased concentration of cyanide in the effluent from the blast furnace. This anomaly collapsed the internal effluent treatment systems, making it necessary to use the effluent to extinguish the coke as a means of disposal. The salts contained in the water caused a loss of coke physical quality, which generated instability in the blast furnace process, resulting in loss of production. Given this scenario, the CSP needed to implement an investigative process map in order to establish actions for control. The MASP methodology was applied based on the chemical analysis of the gas washing water for the cyanide element in the free and complex variations, considering different blast furnace operation scenarios. The results of the analyzes promoted the determination of the parameters that exert the greatest influence on the occurrence of the anomaly, making it possible to establish a correlation with the operating modes of the blast furnace. The completed process map allowed the CSP to establish a predictability analysis and control of this Anomaly
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): ricardo israel do couto (usiminas), edivaldo ribeiro de oliveira (usiminas), adriano fernandes teixeira (usiminas)
Abstract:
The steel industry continuously seeks technological and operational alternatives to increase the energy efficiency of the equipment. Several papers relate heat conservation as a fundamental element for this process. Following this trend, since 2016, the lining of Usiminas reheating furnaces in Ipatinga, which traditionally consisted of refractories from the Al2O3-SiO2 system, has been replaced by refractory ceramic fiber blocks. In this context, the methodology for the characterization and evaluation of the insulation capacity of the proposed lining is presented in comparison to the commonly used. The optimization of these furnaces through the new insulation technology proved to be efficient and the gains were expressive in terms of reducing heat loss through the walls, energy gain, preserving the metal shell and increasing the availability of equipment for operation. Additionally, a post mortem analysis of the proposed lining was carried out in order to assess the behavior of the fiber on an industrial scale.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): antonio augusto genelhu machado (usiminas), fernando tomas dos santos (usiminas), falmarion barros andrade (usiminas)
Abstract:
The technological upgrade of 130 t/h nº 2 boiler, at Usiminas, took place in 2020, with main objective of updating the thermal exchange equipments and protection/control systems. This boiler, model VU 50 B, was built in the 70s, and it is one of 3 boilers that set Usiminas' Thermoelectric Plant 1, responsible for supplying steam for turbomachinerys, which blows air to Blast Furnace 3, and generates safety electricity for prior loads at Usiminas. This technological boiler upgrade leaves a significant improvement in operation and safety conditions, following standards such as NFPA 85, NBR 12313 and ASME VII. This constant search technological upgrade, with an emphasis on employee and process safety, demonstrates that Usiminas is aligned with the ESG (Environmental Social and Governance) concepts
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): ANTONIO AUGUSTO GORNI (autônomo)
Abstract:
The use of heavy plates resistant to hydrogen induced cracking in sour service applications has become fundamental to satisfy the greater demands that are required worldwide in the works and facilities of large diameter pipes. The industrial production of heavy plates is continuously being refined from the steelmaking process to hot rolling, through special techniques of mechanical and microstructural characterization. This paper shows the main metallurgical concepts that are established in product specification engineering; in the definition and optimization of the parameters of the steel production process in the melt shop and the rolling of thick plates; and in the detection and analysis of cracks and internal defects arising from the presence of hydrogen, in order to optimize and make economically viable the full production chain.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Luigi giacomini (primetals technologies), mark shore (PRIMETALS TECHNOLOGIES), j. hsueh (Yong Xing Special Stainless), luigi giacomini (PRIMETALS TECHNOLOGIES)
Abstract:
A new combination bar, bar in coil and wire rod mill has recently been commissioned at YongXing Special Stainless Steel Co. Ltd. In Huzhou City, China. The mill is designed to produce 250,000 tons per year of stainless valve steels, nickel-based alloy steel and numerous stainless grades, including austenitic, ferritic, dual phase and hardening steels. The new rolling mill, supplied by Primetals Technologies, has capabilities for rolling wire rod in sizes 4.5 – 16.0 mm, bar in coil from 16 – 40 mm and straight bar from 30 – 130 mm. The equipment includes quenching and heat treatment facilities to maximize in-line processing, plus new innovations such as stepless coil reforming for wire rod and optical bar counting for straight bar products, all selected to deliver higher grade stainless products. As production in the new mill continues to increase, YongXing is able to meet demands of customers seeking special grades for applications in the nuclear, automotive and petrochemical industries, among others, affirming their position as a top stainless steel supplier in China. This paper presents several equipment and process innovations incorporated into the new mill design and examines the initial results.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Helton de Freitas COTA (sms group)
Abstract:
The gap in the market for measuring systems for hot rolled strip under tension has now been closed with a new product developed by SMS group and brings the proven X-Shape technology, which is based on the world market leading BFI flatness measurement concept, to the hot rolling process. In cooperation with VDEh-Betriebsforschungsinstitut (BFI) and ArcelorMittal, the prototype has been successfully installed and operated at ArcelorMittal’s hot rolling mill in Eisenhüttenstadt. The measuring system offers a detailed insight into the effects of flatness in the finishing mill when rolling with tension, as well as the effects of the laminar cooling
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Haylander Coelho de Avila (RHI Magnesita), Carlos Pagliosa Neto (RHI Magnesita), Marcelo Borges Santos (RHI Magnesita), Bruno Nery Stoco (Ternium), Donaldo Silva Orosimbo (Ternium), Gilvan Nascimento de Souza (Ternium), Vinicius Teixeira de Morais (Ternium)
Abstract:
The steel ladle is fundamental to the secondary refining process. The refractories used must be designed to obtain the lowest specific consumption and the lowest possible interaction with the metallic bath. Currently, a lining with carbon (C) in chemical composition is used in the barrel of the steel ladle. The main goal of this project is to increase the performance potential of the barrel, proposing a tempered alumina-magnesia and carbon-free brick. This product has superior raw materials compared with the standard one and better compatibility with the current plant production process. The additional benefits of this new concept aim for steel quality, preservation of equipment, and savings in production costs. Another advantage of this product is the formation of the spinel phase at the hot face of the refractory, promoting brick-joint closure and minimising the metallic infiltrations within the lining.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Gianluca Maccani (bm group polytec spa)
Abstract:
Digital transformation is the industrial revolution of our age. A number of tools and services are now available to increase productivity, improve safety conditions, control and optimize the environmental impact (energy utilization, emissions etc.), train operators and keep track of all aspects of the production cycle. iMeltShop™ is a complete system developed to allow electric steelmakers to embrace this revolution. It consists of a complete suite of tools that enable scrap recognition and tracking, the optimization of EAF charge, the monitoring of all melt shop equipment conditions, an online production optimizer able to re-program the production schedule in to continuously optimize operations in case of unforeseen events. The utilization of artificial intelligence and algorithms developed in steelmaking environment give tangible results. All equipment in the plant can be monitored using video cameras without the need of installing new sensors. These allow, for example, ladles recognition and maintenance management or monitoring of continuous casters resulting in safer and cheaper maintenance cycles, without modifying equipment installing additional sensors. In addition to IoT and artificial intelligence, robotics contributes substantially to the digital acceleration: Tenova and Polytec partnered to create robotics solutions now installed in many EAFs around the world. The innovative robotic cell developed (and patented) allows the automatic sampling of steel temperature and composition and the video inspection of the inside of the furnace. These pictures and videos can be processed by artificial intelligence algorithms to predict potential failures and calculate the erosion of the refractories. Other dedicated robotics solutions allow the operations and maintenance of the EAF tapping, thermo cameras at tapping can detect the presence of slag in the stream and therefore regulate automatically the EAF tapping without the need of human interaction. Robotics has also been extended to other applications, like LF/VD sampling and management of continuous casters (snorkels installation, powder distribution, steel sampling in tundish etc.). The benefits of digitalization extend beyond the melt shop to the rolling mill, tracking all inventories from casting to rolling mill to the finite product warehouse, to the final customers. Tagging robots can label casted products and finished products with dedicated labels which can be tracked in warehouses.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Thales eduardo leal (SMS Group do brasil)
Abstract:
SMS Group has made available to the Brazilian market coating technologies that can be applied in molds for continuous casting, among others. The coatings deposition offered takes place through the HVOF process - “High Velocity Oxigen Fuel”. The UniGuard coating deposited in continuous casting molds has been shown to be more efficient than Nickel in terms of abrasion resistance and durability. The greater durability of the UniGuard coating compared to nickel coatings leads to a lower consumption of raw materials and energy, thus being a positive factor with regard to the environment.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): LEANDRO JOSE DE ALMEIDA (MERITOR)
Abstract:
We requested an alloy from the Gerdau Mill for samples of DIN 16MnCr5MOD. steel, half of the standard samples and half with the addition of microalloys. Combinations of microalloys can be added to other steels, depending on the need for core hardness, however, the study focuses on the DIN 16MnCr5MOD alloy. Studies show that steels with the addition of NbTi refine and stabilize grain growth even after hours of heat treatment cycles, increasing fatigue life and reducing deformation
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): ANDERSON CARVALHO NOGUEIRA (TERNIUM BRASIL LTDA.), bruno Nery stoco (Ternium), Deivison Carlos Fontes hespanhol (saint gobain), Eric Yoshimitsu Sako (saint gobain)
Abstract:
A stable blast furnace operation leads to a favorable drainage of pig iron and slag. The hole of the tap hole mix in this process is to assure stable values of tap hole length and casting time as well as injection pressures suitable to the process. The tap hole mixes in the Brazilian market comprise liquid tar as the binder, which presents a wide range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) which can affect the human health when there is an excessive exposure to its volatiles. TERNIUM BRASIL, aiming at increasing its sustainability level both in its processes and used products, teamed up with Saint-Gobain to develop a green solution to replace the tar-based tap hole mixes by focusing on an ecological binder with low levels of harmful elements.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): JOSE MURILO MOURAO (Consultor independente)
Abstract:
The iron ore pellets, during the reduction in ironmaking, suffer crystalline and structural changes of great magnitude, which cause internal stresses in the ferrous oxide crystals and slag phase. Thus, to a greater or lesser extent, depending on the properties and quality of the pellets, the phenomena of swelling (volume expansion) and disintegration (generation of fines) occur. Swelling and disintegration are undesirable, as they cause disturbances in the flows of materials and gases within the reduction reactors, and negatively affects the productivity in ironmaking. This paper presents some conceptual aspects that are responsible for these phenomena.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): LEANDRO MOREIRA CARNEIRO (vALE s.A./redemat (ufop/uemg))
Abstract:
The poor quality of iron ore, beyond the social and environmental issues require innovative and sustainable ways to reuse materials considered passive. Therefore, this work presents an analysis of the methods currently used for drying tailings from iron mining. As can be seen throughout this document, the great difficulty to dry this material is related to the pressure and temperature necessary to reach the essential moisture for the use of the materials in subsequent steelmaking processes.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): arthur garcia lara (nexa resources)
Abstract:
The design os experiments, known by the acronym DOE is used frequently in the industry. The present study used the daily control parameters of the industrial flotation process of willemite factors of different levels for the DOE and the results of concentrate and tails contents as response variables. Thus, a predicition model was created, based on a regression equation, wich simulates the impact of changes in operating parameters on the grades analyzed. It is observed the influence of the factors in relationt to response variable and the interaction of factors witch each other. All tools were applied using MiniTab software. Through the results presented, it is concluded that it is possible to use the DOE tool to assess the impact changing the value of factors on the response variable using the parameters measured in the industry. The assertiveness of the prediction model is 95% in the confidence interval for the mean and equality between variances is obtained showing and adherence to trends in the operation.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): ALDEN DELUNARDO DA SILVA (uff/pGTA)
Abstract:
The inhibitory performance of the flavone derivatives: 5,3'-dihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyflavanone and 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone were investigated as corrosion inhibitors using functional density theory (DFT). The calculated quantum chemical parameters correlated to the inhibition efficiency are: the highest occupied molecular orbital energy (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (LUMO), the energy gap (EL-H), ionization energy (I), electron affinity (A), absolute electronegativity (), absolute hardness (), absolute softness (), the fraction of electron transferred (N), local reactivity was analyzed using the Fukui function and the local softness indexes, in order to compare the possible nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks. The success of DFT calculations in predicting inhibition efficiency was assessed
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Carlos EDUARDO Pinedo (Heat Tech LtdA)
Abstract:
This work presents the main characteristics obtained after plasma nitriding of nodular cast iron type GGG70, with predominantly pearlitic structure and hardness of 303 HV0.05. The samples were nitrided under pulsed plasma process with a gas mixture 75%N2:25%H2 for 20 hours at 500ºC. The nitrided surface consists of compound layer growing in the outermost region of the surface and is followed by the diffusion zone in the matrix. The compound layer is clearly defined by metallography and has particular growth characteristics according to the phases present on microstructure of the cast iron matrix and exposed to the nitriding surface. The compound layer reaches a thickness of 10.8 µm and a hardness of 1037 HV0.025. The diffusion zone, not evidenced metallographically, was characterized by transverse hardening profile and present maximum hardness of 644 HV0.05 with depth of 0.14 mm.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): PEDRO HENRIQUE FERES CAMPOS (ENACOM), Tomás Barroso Fernandes Tamantini (enacom), Israel Filipe Silva Amaral (enacom), Matheus de Oliveira Mendonça (enacom), Gustavo Rodrigues Lacerda Silva (enacom), Geraldo José Duarte (gerdau), Milton Carlos Abel Pires (gerdau), Wilian Lopes Santos (gerdau), Bruno da Silva Breder (gerdau), Nivaldo Ulisses Agostinho (gerdau)
Abstract:
This work proposes an optimization algorithm for the steelmaking and the continuous-casting (SCC) scheduling problem to manufacture billets, blooms, and slabs, which is a real hybrid flow shop NP-hard problem with continuous-casting at the last stage. This study considers the scheduling problem with diverse products and different casting times, which is a critical and challenging problem in steel plants. The algorithm is decomposed into two subproblems (primary and secondary problems) according to the nature of the SSC constraints and objectives. The proposed algorithm has been implemented on a GERDAU steel shop in Ouro Branco/Brazil, and it has been tested in several real-world scenarios, demonstrating to be a reliable tool for decision support and operational planning.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 9:50 AM - 6/7/22, 11:15 AM
Presenter(s): ADRIEL DE BRITO MACIEL TRINDADE (UFSCar - metso:outotec), gilson neves da silva (metso:outotec fundição), luciana sgarbi rossino (fatec sorocaba)
Abstract:
Among ferrous materials applied for wear, it’s the Hadfield manganese steels. Such materials present high toughness and wear abrasion resistance simultaneously, which leads it to become well accepted for mining, rail and recycling businesses. The target is to evaluate the effects of manganese and chromium contents on work hardening by impact of this alloy. It was evaluated three different chemical compositions, varying the percentage of the mentioned elements. Alloys were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy and profile of Vickers microhardness. Obtained results evidenced the chemical compositions presenting higher percentages of manganese and chromium produce higher surface hardness after work hardening, being manganese the more relevant element for that. It was demonstrated at the same time that steels with standard chemical composition, given by ASTM A 128 presenting lower chromium percentage, presented higher deformation with lower surface work hardening, being this behavior linked to the mechanism of plastic deformation and chromium contents.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): JORGE LUIZ MEYRELLES JR (PUC-Rio)
Abstract:
VAT46® alloy has great application potential in engine valves, where it is mandatory that the alloy has good mechanical property and high temperature corrosion resistance. In other alloys commonly used in valves, two factors influence both the process and the type of oxidation: the phase δ and water in value state. In VAT46®, being an alloy in development stage, there is still not enough data about the influence of the water vapour presence during the oxidation process and if the phase δ influences the type of oxidation and the oxides nucleation. Therefore, two specimens were oxidized, one with phase δ and the other without, in different environment: one dry and the other one with water vapor, for 10 hours, a period sufficient to analyze the influence of phase δ and water vapor in the oxidation initial stage. For the experimental purposes, the furnace utilized made it possible to control the pressure and the environment chemical composition, and for the analysis of the results, an electronic scanning microscope and X-ray dispersion spectroscopy were also used. The data indicate a variation in the oxidation rate with the water vapor presence and the preference for oxide nucleation in distinct regions from those rich in phase δ.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (ime)
Abstract:
Corrosion affects the integrity of the material in an irreversible manner and affects the company’s use due to a gradual decrease in the availability of equipment and facilities. For this reason, in search of evaluating the perfomance of materials imposed to favorable conditions of service the occurrence of the phenomenon of corrosion, laboratory tests of accelerated corrosion are the state of the as they represent standardized and replicable conditions allowing an evaluation to be made after a short period of testing. In this context, the present work aims to consolidate a project made following the standard of ISO 9227, ASTM B 117 and DIN 50 021 allied to technical visits with searches on websites and catalogs added to the ABNT NBR 8094 standard. Therefore, specimens acquired together with PSA were exposed to a Salt spray fog chamber in a period of 48 hours, once the tests were done proved the chamber projected was effective and all the mass losses recorded were within the established by the standards parameters.
Technical Programming
CONSTRUCTIONS OF SALT SPRAY GENERATING EQUIPMENT CAPABLE OF PERFORMING ACCELERATED TESTS OF CORROSION
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
The comprehension of how protected metal surfaces behave on critical environments is highly necessary in order to understand and predict corrosion and estimate the effect cicle of life of coatings. The use of salt spray tests (NSS) according with ASTM B 117 standard is extensive applied in industry to assess the corrosion resistance of coated Materials. The NSS test aims to replicate environmental conditios such as humidity, temperature and chemical compositions around samples that would be subjected to agressive service conditions known to corrode metallic specimens. In this context, the present work has projected a salt spray gerating equipment folowing the ISO 9227, ASTM B 117 and ABNT NBR 8094 standards, the last one being mainly based on the latest standard. It proved functional, besides having a better cost benefit, in addition for solving all problems a planning inspection routing was made.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): RAPHAEL FRANCA ASSUMPCAO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Rogério Augusto Carneiro (USIMINAS), DALILA CHAVES SICUPIRA (UFOP), VANESSA DE FREITAS CUNHA LINS (UFMG)
Abstract:
Corrosion behavior of one carbon steel and three weathering steels with different alloy contents in simulated marine and industrial atmosphere has been studied by accelerated corrosion test and field test with intermittent spray. The steels were subjected to 6, 15, 30, 45 and 60 cycles in accelerated tests, each cycle lasting 7 days and the field tests were carried out over 3 years. Increasing exposure time led to a decrease in corrosion rate due to the formation of a protective layer on steel surface. The corrosion rates calculated for carbon steel were higher than those of weathering steels, enhancing the relevance of Si, Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu and P in the formation of an adherent and compact rust layer. Results indicated that the additive Si in weathering steel led to improved performance during the corrosion process, especially in marine atmosphere. Cyclic corrosion tests highlight the importance of alloy elements such as Ni, Mn and Mo in the rust layer resistance in environments containing SO2. Field tests indicate that the weathering steel with higher amount of Ni, Mn and Mo obtained the lowest corrosion rates.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): RODRIGO MAGNABOSCO (FEI university)
Abstract:
The influence of the applied potential and the concentration of chloride ions on the determination of the critical pitting temperature (CPT) of UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel (DSS) by potentiostatic polarization technique was studied. Applied potentials for the potentiostatic polarization tests (between 300 and 800 mVAg/AgCl) were chosen among a passive common range observed in potentiodynamic polarization curves obtained for chloride ions concentrations from 0,3 to 5 M, at room temperature. The determination of CPT under lower applied potentials and chloride concentrations showed higher dependence of chloride concentration and applied potential. CPT with the smallest dispersion of results were obtained around 50 °C under the most aggressive conditions, and CPT can be considered chloride ion concentration and potential independent under specific testing conditions: 600 mVAg/AgCl at 5 M NaCl, 700 mVAg/AgCl at 3 M NaCl or 5 M NaCl and 800 mVAg/AgCl.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): tayná raizza ribeiro (Engenharia Metalúrgica, Graduada, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica, UEMG, João Monlevade, MG, Brasil.), Samya Estevam Ribeiro (ENGENHARIA METALÚRGICA, GRADUADA, DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA METALÚRGICA, UEMG, JOÃO MONLEVADE, MG, BRASIL.), Athos Fernandes Araujo (Engenharia Metalúrgica, Mestrando, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil), Gustavo Henrique Sousa (Engenharia Metalúrgica, Mestre, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil ), Rafael Ferreira Delfim Bueno (Engenheiro de Produto, Graduado, ArcelorMittal Monlevade, GETEP, João Monlevade, MG, Brasil), Ermani Vinicius de Oliveira Lima (Engenheiro de Produto, Mestre, ArcelorMittal Monlevade, GETEP, João Monlevade, MG, Brasil.)
Abstract:
Corrosion is extremely harmful to the material, causing major damage. Once undetected, it can cause an abrupt rupture of a part, structure or pipe, causing serious accidents. In order to reduce these damages, materials with chemical composition and suitable microstructures were created to be more resistant to corrosion. This is the case of stainless steels, which have the characteristic of containing at least 10.5% of chromium in their composition. This type of steel has a better performance when compared to common steel when applied in more aggressive media, such as in the petrochemical industry where it is widely used. In order to attest its resistance and evaluate its behavior in the presence of acid solutions, this work was developed using the duplex stainless steel UNS32304 which was subjected to two types of acid solutions, sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, in different concentrations. The immersion test lasted 60 days and had pH and potential difference measured weekly. Through the data obtained, it was possible to calculate the corrosion rate of stainless steel, evaluating its behavior and susceptibility to corrosion. It was concluded that the UNS32304 duplex stainless steel showed satisfactory results, with a rate below 5mpy in the different solutions, therefore, its use is recommended.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): JORGE LUIZ MEYRELLES JR (PUC-Rio)
Abstract:
VAT46® alloy has been recently designed and has been shown to be effective for application in components working in corrosive environments. The chemical composition of the alloy categorizes it as a nickel-iron alloy, or intermediate nickel alloy. As with many alloys in this category, VAT46® precipitates the δ phase after undergoing heat treatment, as does IN718 (UNS N07718), for example. As it is an alloy in development there is no specific data on the characterization and metallographic preparation, and this is a procedure that helps the next researches on this alloy. Specimens have been used in two different conditions: A and B. The condition B has phase δ in the microstructure, and the phases γ' and γ" are presented with a coarser morphology compared to the specimen in condition A. The specimens passed through five steps of characterization and the last one was analysis in OM and SEM. The results indicate that the presence of phase δ and morphology of γ' and γ" coarser influence the performance of the reagent.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Rackel RIBEIRO MUNIZ BEZERRA (IFES - VITORIA), Helio Bezerra de Souza (IFES - Vitória), Adonias ribeiro Franco Júnior (IFES- Vitória), Adevanil dos Santos santana (IFES- Vitória)
Abstract:
The present work evaluated the influence of the plasma nitriding treatment on the resistance to microabrasive and erosive-abrasive wear of AISI H13 steel. Nitriding was carried out in two conditions: the first, with a gaseous composition of 20% N2 and 80% H2 for a temperature of 440ºC, and the second condition with 50% N2 and 50% H2 for a temperature of 500ºC. The treatment time was 3 hours for both conditions, and the applied pressure was 2.5 Torr. The properties of the nitrided layers were analyzed by means of metallography, x-ray diffractometry and wear tests. In order to evaluate the resistance to microabrasive wear of different surface treatment conditions, free rotating ball microabrasion testing equipment is used. For the study of erosion-abrasion wear, the tumbler impeller tribometer (TTI) was used. In both wear tests, it was found that all the nitriding conditions studied promoted an increase in the wear resistance of the nitrided material in relation to the non-nitrided material.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Danieli Aparecida Pereira Reis (Universidade Federal de São Paulo), Filipe Estevão de Freitas (Unifesp), Roberta Aguiar Luna da Silva (Unifesp), Adriano Gonçalves dos Reis (UNESP), Aline Capella de Oliveira (Unifesp)
Abstract:
Titanium alloys have been applied in aeronautical components mainly due to their high strength weight ratio. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) of thermal barrier coating systems (TBC) applied by air plasma spraying (APS) increases the lifetime of turbine blades by providing higher operating temperatures. Laser modification of YSZ layer is a technique that has been investigated to enhance the properties of components with TBC. This work evaluated the creep behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy with CO2 laser remelted plasma sprayed thermal barrier coating. Creep tests were performed at constant temperature and load in the range of 500 to 700 °C at 125 MPa. The microstructure and fractography of the specimens were also investigated. The stationary creep rate at 600 °C reduced by 50% and the creep rupture life increased by 20%, which can be associated with greater oxidation resistance and thermal protection. Typically ductile fractures formed by equiaxial dimples were observed. In a region close to the fracture, it was observed a dual phase (α+β) equiaxed microstructure homogeneously distributed.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Danieli Aparecida Pereira Reis (Universidade Federal de São Paulo), Renata Jesuina Takahashi (Unifesp), João Marcos Kruszynski de Assis (IAE/DCTA), Rudimar Riva (Unifesp), Aline Capella de Oliveira (Unifesp)
Abstract:
The processing of materials with laser is an alternative to form dense layers and porosity-free, as required by the metallic layer in the TBC application (Thermal Barrier Coating). TBC is a system of layers that promote protection against oxidation, corrosion and thermal protection of metal alloys, such as titanium alloy (grade 5). The aim of this work was to study the micrograph formed between the NiCrAlY metallic layer and the Ti-6Al-4V alloy by Yb-fiber laser processing. The metallic layer was pre-deposited in the powder form and submitted to the laser, whose beam scanning speed parameters were varied in 25, 50 and 100 mm/s with laser beam power of 200W with 50% of superposition for each track. The evaluation of the laser parameters was composed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) in cross-sectioned of the sample. The results showed that there was adhesion between the NiCrAlY layer and the substrate with low chemical dilution at the interface. As the scanning speed of the laser beam increased, thinner metallic layers were formed.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): EUZEBIO BERNABE ZANELATO (Instituto Federal Fluminense), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Jonas Alexandre (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Sergio Neves Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Thuany Espírito Santo de Lima (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (Faculdade Redentor de Campos), Victor de Souza Barbosa (Faculdade Redentor de Campos)
Abstract:
Adhesion is the main property of mortars. The adhesion between the materials occurs mainly due to the transport of water between the ceramic block and mortar, generating an anchorage between the materials. The evaluation of the properties of materials that influence adherence are fundamental to better understand the complex system that involves adherence between materials. Among the properties that stand out for their correlation with adherence is absorptivity. Absorptivity measures the water absorption by capillarity of the ceramic block, which is the most representative absorption of the real mechanism that occurs between the materials. The objective of this work is to evaluate how roughcast influences absorptivity. The ceramic block will be characterized by tests of geometric characteristics, water absorption by immersion, resistance to flexion and absorptivity. The results indicate that the absorptivity is significantly influenced by the presence of the roughcast
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): EUZEBIO BERNABE ZANELATO (INSTITUTO FEDERAL FLUMINENSE), AFONSO RANGEL GARCEZ DE AZEVEDO (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Jonas Alexandre (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Sergio Neves Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Thuany Espírito Santo de Lima (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (Faculdade Redentor de Campos), Victor de Souza Barbosa (Faculdade Redentor de Campos)
Abstract:
The reuse of waste from various activities is fundamental in reducing the environmental impact. The incorporation of waste from the ornamental rock industry in the formulation of ceramic masses benefits both the ceramic industry, which has the potential to increase the performance of its product, and the ornamental rock industry, which generates the waste that finds purpose for its material, thus avoiding discard it. The objective of this work is to characterize and evaluate the incorporation of the diamond wire residue, material from the manufacture of ornamental rocks, for the manufacture of ceramic pieces. The characterization of the soil and the residue was carried out through the granulometry tests, real grain density and chemical analysis. After characterization, the specimens were prepared by extrusion with incorporations of 5,10,15 and 20%, in addition to the reference without incorporating the residue. After burning at 750 ° C, performance evaluation tests were performed. The results obtained indicate a better performance of the ceramic masses prepared with 10% of ornamental rock residue.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): EUZEBIO BERNABE ZANELATO (INSTITUTO FEDERAL FLUMINENSE), AFONSO RANGEL GARCEZ DE AZEVEDO (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Jonas Alexandre (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Sergio Neves Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Thuany Espírito Santo de Lima (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (Faculdade Redentor de Campos), Victor de Souza Barbosa (Faculdade Redentor de Campos)
Abstract:
The characterization of clay deposits is essential to verify the feasibility of using these materials in the ceramic industry. Ceramic materials are widely used for the construction of walls and roofs of buildings. In addition to developing the local ceramic market, the manufacture of ceramic materials in the municipality of Jerônimo monteiro can absorb part of the ornamental rock waste generated in the neighboring municipality Cachoeiro de Itapemirim. The ornamental rock residue is already used in the ceramic industry after several studies identifying its benefits, however, the largest ceramic poles are located at a great distance from the pole of the ornamental rock industry. The objective of this work is to identify deposits and characterize the clays in the municipality of Jerônimo Monteiro to boost the local industry and contribute to the reduction of the environmental impact generated in the disposal of ornamental rock waste. A mapping of the region was carried out to identify deposits and clays were collected from five different points. For the characterization of clays, the tests of granulometry, real grain density, Atterberg limits and chemical analysis were carried out. The results indicate potential use of two clays from the region for use in ceramics.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): EUZEBIO BERNABE ZANELATO (INSTITUTO FEDERAL FLUMINENSE), AFONSO RANGEL GARCEZ DE AZEVEDO (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Jonas Alexandre (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Sergio Neves Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Thuany Espírito Santo de Lima (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (Faculdade Redentor de Campos), Victor de Souza Barbosa (Faculdade Redentor de Campos)
Abstract:
Application of mortar over ceramic blocks is one of the main types of coatings used in Brazilian buildings. For an efficient coating it is necessary that the adhesion between the materials is adequate, however, the adhesion depends on a complex system with several variables. Among the variables that suffer from the empiricism of empirical executions, the wetting of the ceramic block can be highlighted. There is no homogeneity or quantification of how much the ceramic block is saturated before applying the mortar. The objective of this work is to evaluate how the saturation of the ceramic block influences the adhesion of the mortar coating. Absorptivity tests will be carried out to evaluate the water absorption of the substrates and water retention for the evaluation of the coating mortar. Three levels of saturation and two firing temperatures and application of a mortar with a 1:1:6 trace will be used. The tensile adhesion test will also be carried out to assess adhesion. The results indicate that the saturation of the ceramic block significantly influences adherence, in addition, the firing temperature also influences and interacts with saturation in a non-linear way
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): EUZEBIO BERNABE ZANELATO (INSTITUTO FEDERAL FLUMINENSE), AFONSO RANGEL GARCEZ DE AZEVEDO (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Jonas Alexandre (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Sergio Neves Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Thuany Espírito Santo de Lima (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (Faculdade Redentor de Campos), Victor de Souza Barbosa (Faculdade Redentor de Campos)
Abstract:
The development of the ceramic market encourages both the generation of jobs and the production of low-cost materials for buildings. Even though masonry is one of the main construction methods, the ceramic industry is not always able to meet the demand due to the great distances from the place where the material will be used and the place of production, which increase the value of the product. The objective of this work is to identify and characterize the clays in the municipality of Muqui-E aiming at the development of the local market, mainly due to the possibility of using waste from the ornamental rock industry in the neighboring municipality. A mapping of the region was carried out to identify deposits in addition to the collection of clays from four different points. Granulometry tests, real grain density, Atterberg Limits and Chemical analysis were performed for the characterization of clays. The results indicate potential use of a clay from the region for use in ceramics
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): GEOVANA CARLA GIRONDI DELAQUA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Gabriela Sigiliano Teixeira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), LUCAS FONSECA AMARAL (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), SÉRGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE Darcy ribeiro ), carlos maurício fontes vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
The catalytic cracking process is conducted to convert less valuable heavy oils into more valuable and higher demand products. This is accomplished by breaking the long chains of hydrocarbon molecules in the FCC units. The process is carried out under heat, pressure and acid solid catalyst, in which the zeolites are the most used. As soon as the virgin catalyst is put into use, its activity begins to decline, mainly due to coking and contamination by heavy metals. Globally it is estimated that 1400 tons per day of spent catalyst are generated. This waste is treated as hazardous waste, and its disposition in a properly controlled landfill is not only costly, but it is the least noble alternative in the order of priority in solid waste management. A technical and economical solution to this scenario is the use of spent catalyst as a raw material for the ceramics industry. Thus, the objective of this work is to provide a technically and environmentally correct alternative for the use of the catalyst used as raw material for the red ceramic industry. Therefore, laboratory specimens were developed, involving the incorporation of 0, 5, 10 and 20% of residue by weight in a ceramic clay body for production of red ceramics, evaluated at the sintering temperature of 850 ºC. By means of technological tests, the technical feasibility of the incorporation of up to 5% of residue for the manufacture of solid bricks was verified, according to the standardized properties of water absorption and mechanical resistance
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): GEOVANA CARLA GIRONDI DELAQUA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), João Victor Papaleos Dutra (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Daniel Passos Gallo (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), carlos maurício fontes vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
The aim of the study is to compare the effect of incorporating residues from different types of biomass into red ceramic. Clay formulations were prepared with incorporations of residues of coffee sludge, paper sludge, sawdust, sugarcane bagasse and water hyacinth are studied, in concentrations of 2.5%; 5%; 10% and 20% of waste, burned at 950ºC. Through the production of specimens, the values of the properties of linear shrinkage, water absorption and apparent porosity of each formulation were determined. Among all the formulations analyzed by this article, the one that presents the best result is the one that contains paper sludge. Its low linear shrinkage, water absorption within the Brazilian norm and relatively high porosity in the formulation with 20% residue, makes it a viable choice for making blocks used in acoustic sealing.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): GEOVANA CARLA GIRONDI DELAQUA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), juan Peixoto Barroco Magalhães ( Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), carlos maurício fontes vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
The work aims to evaluate the influence of different levels of residue on the physical and mechanical properties of a typical composition of red ceramic, which is marketed in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro. The residue comes from the first stage of glass manufacturing in a conventional tempering process. Ceramic specimens were prepared with 0, 5, 10 and 20% residue incorporations. The samples were obtained by extrusion, dried and fired at 800, 900, 1000 ° C in a laboratory oven. Analyzes of the raw materials were carried out, among which the morphological, physical and chemical ones can be highlighted, and afterwards tests were carried out on the fired ceramic specimen. The firing properties obtained were dry bulk density, water absorption, linear firing shrinkage. The results obtained demonstrated that both the increase in the glass content and the increase in the temperature had positive effects on the studied properties, and, in addition to that, the glass acted in order to lower the appropriate firing temperature
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): GEOVANA CARLA GIRONDI DELAQUA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Ana Laura Lopes de Matos Riscado (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Diego Alexsander Moreira Pires (Universidade Federal do ABC), Djalma Souz (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Fernando Vernilli Jr (Escola de Engenharia de lorena - USP), carlos maurício fontes vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
In the present work, the objective was to evaluate the feasibility of developing a veneering ceramic using as material a clayey ceramic mass with incorporation of flat glass residue. Two masses were formulated, one with only clay mass, with 0% residue and the other with 20% flat glass residue. Specimens were prepared by uniaxial pressing at 12.5 MPa and subsequently submitted to the firing process at temperatures of 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150 and 1200°C. The raw materials were subjected to chemical, mineralogical and thermal characterization. The physical and mechanical properties such as linear shrinkage, water absorption, apparent porosity and mechanical resistance to bending of the burned specimens were evaluated. The reuse of flat glass waste in the ceramic industry can favor the reduction of the sintering temperature, generating better quality products. Based on the results obtained in this research, it was found that the residue added in 20% allowed samples that met the specifications for manufacturing porous coating (tile), making it possible to reuse it in the red ceramic industry
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Geovana Carla gIRONDI dELAQUA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO ), Markssuel Teixeira marvila (Universidade estadual do norte fluminense darcy ribeiro ), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO ), carlos maurício fontes vieira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO )
Abstract:
The increase in the number of cigarette butts thrown away daily improperly, and the lack of regulation for correct disposal, can cause pollution of water resources by heavy metals, as well as clogging of sewers. In this way, this work has the objective of removing incorrectly discarded bitumen daily, evaluating the feasibility of incorporation in the ceramic mass. Formulations with up to 10% triturated cigarette butts were prepared to the clay mass. After homogenization, the doughs were moistened and shaped by uniaxial pressing test specimens at 25MPa and burned at 900°C. The technological properties were evaluated for water absorption, linear retraction, and flexural strength. With the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that the incorporation of the residue is possible, but it should be in a weighted way, since higher percentages incorporated cause greater porosities to the pieces, leading to greater water absorption, and lower mechanical resistance
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Geovana Carla gIRONDI dELAQUA (UENF - ALBERTO LAMEG), Hugo Carvalho Rangel (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), carlos maurício FONTES VIEIRA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), mICHELLE PEREIRA BABISK (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
With the great advances in the industry, the generation of waste from different sectors is increasing. Therefore, a measure is needed to mitigate the environmental impacts generated by the incorrect disposal of these wastes. In this sense, new techniques have been studied for their use, through the incorporation allowed by ceramic masses. By adding controlled amounts, it is possible to obtain a final product that provides the properties required in its applications, this can be acquired due to the natural variability of clays. Dyeing plants generate, during their washing and dyeing processes, effluents that can be discarded in nature and a solid sludge that must be treated due to the presence of heavy metals from dyes and dyeing aids. The objective of this work is to evaluate the potential of the incorporation of dyeing sludge in red ceramics. After the characterization of the raw materials, specimens were made by varying the percentage by weight of the sludge. Burned at 850°C, they were exposed to different tests to determine their properties, such as linear shrinkage, water absorption and flexural breaking strength. It can be seen the need to control the sludge content in the compositions, however, once applied, it is possible to successfully obtain the properties required for ceramic products. Thus showing the effectiveness of the incorporation of the residue in question in the preservation of the environment
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): hortênsia de oliveira campos (universidade federal de ouro preto), Adriano Corrêa Batista (UNiversidade federal de ouro preto), hellen cristine prata de oliveira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), paulo santos assis (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
The Limnoperna fortunei – golden mussel is a mollusk of the bivalve class, which in this exploratory study has the complex microarchitecture of its shell as the target of our investigation. The objectives of this research are: to identify the mineral phases present in the shell using X-ray diffraction, to determine the hardness by the ultramicrohardness test and with the scanning electron microscope to visualize the existing layers. The mineral phases: calcite and aragonite were identified. The ultramicrohardness test was carried out on the innermost layer of the shell, the prismatic layer of aragonite, and the results found are consistent with the literature. Visualization of the periostracus, calcite layer, nacreous layer and prismatic layer was performed successfully. The results obtained allowed a better understanding of the analyzed material, which motivated us to deepen and advance in our studies.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): HUGO CARVALHO RANGEL (UENF - universidade estadual do norte fluminense darcy ribeiro)
Abstract:
One of the alternatives that has been studied to try to mitigate the impacts generated by the disposal of industrial waste in aquatic environments is phytoremediation. This decontamination process takes place through specific plants that are capable of absorbing / accumulating high concentrations of heavy metals. But as a consequence, the reproduction of these plants is very accelerated, thus generating a large amount of biomass, which in turn has to receive a correct destination because otherwise these metals return to the environment. This work aims to study the feasibility of incorporating this biomass in red ceramic. The survey carried out 0 incorporations; 2.5 and 5% by weight of biomass. Measure the dry bulk density, linear shrinkage and water absorption of these additions. And in the end we achieved positive results, being an ecologically correct alternative for the destination of this biomass.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): José Alexandre Tostes Linhares Júnior (uenf), MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA (UENF), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Ariana Silva Azeredo Cruz (uenf), Lucas Reis Cruz (uenf), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Jonas Alexandre (uenf), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
The cement industry generates a large and varied amount of harm to the environment, however, studies have been carried out in order to mitigate such impacts, as sustainability is something that is very much sought after today, for the evolution of society and industry. This work sought to expand the knowledge about the incorporation of porcelain residues in the agglomerating fraction of the mortar, exploring the pozzolanic capacity of this very generated waste today. The research carried out experiments on mortars in the hardened state, without any incorporation, with 10% and 20% porcelain, observing properties such as resistance and water absorption that respond to the addition of the residue, and the results showed to be positive, thus being able to present a potential alternative the reduction of cement production and use, thus reducing the environmental impacts generated and producing positive impacts on the economy.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Lucas Reis Cruz (UENF), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (UENF), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (UENF), Ariana Silva Azeredo Cruz (UENF), José Alexandre Tostes Linhares Júnior (UENF), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (UENF), Sergio Neves Monteiro (IME), Daiane Cecchin (UFF), Jonas Alexandre (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
In the present of civil construction, the great demand for the application of Portland cement is evident. Knowing this and also its sources whose origins are exhaustible natural resources, the search for alternative materials with characteristics similar to Portland cement is of great importance. One of these materials is what we call by geopolymer. Agglomerating behaviors and characteristics such as Portland cement have been found in the geopolymer, with the potential to become an alternative to this. In addition, the potential of geopolymer is known to provide inputs with properties similar to those of traditional ceramic materials without the need for burning and high temperatures. Knowing this, in this work, the development techniques and the behavior of geopolymeric pastes prepared with sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate, as an activating solution, and commercial metakaolin, as a precursor material, were studied. After the 28-day curing period, the pastes were tested according to resistance, density, linear shrinkage, water absorption, and microstructure tests. The results show us that the paste that showed the most effective geopolymerization reactions and close to the desired behavior was the SiO2 / Al2O3 molar ratio of 3.0.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): lucas reis cruz (uenf), markssuel teixeira marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Ariana Silva Azeredo Cruz (uenf), José Alexandre Tostes Linhares Júnior (uenf), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Jonas Alexandre (uenf), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
The development of cities culminates in great demand for services in the civil construction sector. As this sector is explored, more and more investment is being made in refining and improving existing techniques and services, as well as in the domain of new and more efficient materials for their execution. However, knowing that the civil construction sector is the largest waste generator in the world, more and more ends are sought for this waste in order to reduce the impact generated by the sector on the environment. In view of this scenario, the current research seeks the development of geopolymeric pastes with the application of glass waste, knowing the favorable chemical characterization of the residue to the geopolymerization reactions. In this way, pastes were developed and tested according to the tests of resistance to compression and traction in flexion, water absorption and porosity. The glass residue was applied to the precursor material of the mixture and showed improvements regarding the porosity and also favored the effectiveness of the geopolymer reactions when compared to geopolymer compositions with the absence of the residue. The results of its application are shown to be more effective in the 3,5 mole ratio compositions of SiO2 / Al2O3.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): magno torres carvalho (ime), José Brant de Campos (uerj), Francisco Cristovão Lourenço de Melo (IAE-CTA), EDUARDO DE SOUSA LIMA (IME)
Abstract:
It is undeniable that the relevance of ceramic matrix composites (CMC) has grown in scientific and industrial circles. The combination of different ceramic materials allows to mitigate difficulties in manufacturing and processing or to improve the performance that each material would have in isolation. To investigate the CMC formed by silicon carbide (SiC), alumina (Al2O3), yttria (Y2O3) and glass-ceramics from the lithium-aluminum-silicon system (LAS), 6 samples of each additive were prepared regarding the weight percentage of LAS, 0, 1, and 5%. The material was dry mixed in a vertical mill for 1 hour. The mixture was pressed with 175 MPa, uniaxially, and sintered at 1800ºC. After sintered, the CMC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Vickers hardness. For the application of Vickers hardness, the processing condition of the group with 1%w of LAS proved to be the best, with an average value of 25.11 ± 1.67 GPa.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MARCONDES MENDES DE SOUZA (instituto federal de educação, ciência e tecnologia do rio grande do norte (ifrn)), marcondes mendes de souza (instituto federal de educação, ciência e tecnologia do rio grande do norte (ifrn)), Hemilly Maria Souza Barroso de Holanda (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE (IFRN))
Abstract:
The purpose of this article is to analyze the study of the thermal behavior of raw materials for ceramic tiles, through the use of pegmatite and shale residues, reducing the environmental impacts caused in the exploration of ornamental rocks. Therefore, this research started with the phase of preparation and composition of the samples, and then submitted them to the sintering test. After the physical tests, the results obtained pointed to the possibility of using residues for stoneware, semi-stoneware and porous, two formulations of different percentages (F1 and F2) being prepared. The specimens were sintered at 1050ºC, 1100ºC, 1150 ° C and 1200 ° C. According to ISO 13006, the formulations used at 1200ºC, showed characteristics for stoneware; F1 at 1150º showed characteristic of semi-stoneware, and F2 semiporoso; F1 and F2 both at 1100º | C had porous characteristics, and lastly F1 and F2 at 1050º had technical characteristics above porous.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Mariana Gomes Pinto Cherene (UENF)
Abstract:
Multiple mortar is a building material composed of cement, lime, sand and water. The main properties desired for this material are adhesion with the substrate and workability. Its use in civil construction is for block setting and for wall cladding. In this work, the addition of glass residue to the Portland cement was used on the 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% portions of the 1:1:4 trace (cement: lime: sand). The analyzed properties of the mortar in the hardened state were water absorption by capillarity, flexural tensile strength and compressive strength. It was observed that the mortar constituted with 15% of the residue presented significant results of resistance when compared to the other mortars tested
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MAriane costalonga de Aguiar (CETEM - Centro de tecnologia mineral )
Abstract:
Brazil is one of the largest consumers of ceramic tiles in the world and one of the largest producers. Currently, the market is heavily in demand for red ceramic products. The state of Espirito Santo has stood out in recent years in the production of ceramic pieces aimed at the growing sector of civil construction. The northern region of the state has been standing out in the scenario regarding the production of ceramic artifacts. The objective of this work is to characterize clays in the northern state of Espírito Santo, and to evaluate their potential in the manufacture of red ceramics. Characterization tests were carried out by means of X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, granulometry and real grain density tests. The characterization results showed that clays have a great potential for the production of ceramic artifacts.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA (UENF), AFONSO RANGEL GARCEZ DE AZEVEDO (UENF), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Victor de Souza Barbosa (redentor), Thuany Espirito Santo Lima (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Gustavo Castro Xavier (uenf), Niander Cerqueira Aguiar (redentor), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
The main mechanism responsible for the resistance in red ceramic is the formation of a liquid phase through the presence of alkaline fluxing oxides. It is known that the clays in Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, present deficiency of these components. Therefore, the objective of this work is to correct the alkaline contents of the raw material through the use of an alkaline solution. Test specimens were made by pressing 8% moisture in a 10M alkaline solution and fired at 400, 600 and 800ºC, and a control ceramic burned at 800ºC was also produced. The results of linear shrinkage, water absorption, porosity and mechanical resistance prove that the use of the alkaline solution allows to obtain more resistant compounds with better properties at 400ºC than the same specimens moistened with water burned at 800ºC. This characteristic allows savings to the ceramic sector, since the most expensive step for the sector is the stage of burning the specimens and reducing the temperature of the firing in half is a great economic advantage
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Victor de Souza Barbosa (uenf), Thuany Espirito Santo Lima (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Gustavo Castro Xavier (uenf), jonas alexandre (uenf), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
Construction waste is problematic due to its heterogeneous characteristic, the large amount generated and the lack of recycling methodologies. Thus, the objective of this work was to use plaster plate residue from mortar as a substitute for sand in proportions of 0%, 20%, 40% and 60%, using a mortar 1: 1: 6: 1.5 ( cement: hydrated lime: sand: water), and carrying out tests of the hardened state of mortar, such as flexural tensile strength, compressive strength, mass density in the hardened state, water absorption and voids index. The results prove the feasibility of using 20% of the plaster plate residue, since with this percentage the material acts as filling in voids, improving the properties of compressive strength, for example. Levels of 40% and 60% are not viable due to the agglomeration of the residue within the cementitious matrix, which is why it is concluded that for recycling the residue without impairing the properties of the mortar, 20% replacement of sand by plaster plate residue should be used
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Victor de Souza Barbosa (redentor), Thuany Espirito Santo Lima (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Gustavo Castro Xavier (uenf), Niander Cerqueira Aguiar (redentor), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
The application of natural fibers, such as coconut fiber, is increasingly common in cementitious materials, such as concrete and mortar. However, there is still a need for more in-depth studies on the durability of these mortars. Thus, the objective of this work is to study the durability of mortars 1: 1: 6: 1.5 (cement: hydrated lime: sand: water), containing different percentages of coconut fiber (0%, 1.5% and 3, 0%). These mortars were tested for compression, where it was found that the use of the fibers significantly increases the strength of the mortar, being subsequently tested in wetting and drying cycles and degradation cycles in salt spray, checking the mass losses of the material and the drop in compressive strength after the cycles. It was found that the mortars containing coconut fibers performed better than the reference mortar in the wetting and drying cycles, but that there was a decrease in properties for the mortar containing 3.0% fiber in the salt fog degradation cycles due to fiber rot. However, mortars containing 1.5% coconut fiber showed superior performance in all situations, proving that the incorporation of coconut fibers in 1.5% is beneficial to the properties of mortars
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Jonas Alexandre (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Victor de Souza Barbosa (redentor), Thuany Espirito Santo Lima (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Gustavo Castro Xavier (uenf), Niander Cerqueira Aguiar (redentor), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
The study of the properties of mortars in the fresh state, although neglected by some researchers, is extremely important to understand the performance of mortars. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the properties of the fresh state, such as consistency, water retention, mass density in the fresh state and incorporated air content, in mortars 1: 1: 6 (cement: hydrated lime: sand), using the incorporation of gypsum residue from civil construction at levels of 0%, 20%, 40% and 60% as a substitute for sand. It was proven that the residue acts by reducing the content of incorporated air, and consequently increasing the density in the fresh state, and it acts by increasing the water retention and the need for water in the consistency test to maintain the same workability parameters, due to the nature hygroscopic residue. Thus, to maintain the parameters in coherent limits, defined by bibliographic consultation, it is possible to use 20% of civil construction plaster residue in mortars, proving the effectiveness of the assessment of the fresh state study and also the feasibility of applying the residue
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Jonas Alexandre (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Victor de Souza Barbosa (redentor), Thuany Espirito Santo Lima (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Niander Cerqueira Aguiar (redentor), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
The incorporation of residues in mortars faces a difficulty due to the lack of minimum normative values and due to different mortar compositions. Therefore, the objective of this work is to evaluate the incorporation of rock residue in 50% of substitution of sand in mortars of different compositions, such as 1: 1: 6 (cement: lime: sand), 1: 3 (cement: sand) and 1: 3 (lime: sand). It was found that the residue improves the properties of mortar regardless of the composition evaluated, as it causes a filling effect due to its fineness. In addition, it was found that cement-based mortars have the best parameters of strength and durability, while lime mortars have the best results of workability and water retention, while mixed mortars have an intermediate behavior. The viability of incorporating rock waste in mortars has been proven, regardless of its composition
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): misael peixoto gomes (Companhia siderúrgica do pecém)
Abstract:
At Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (CSP), the liquid steel that arrives to the continuous casting station to be turned into steel slabs, goes through the solidification process. However, not all the steel content of the teeming ladle becomes slab. In the interval between the steel arrival to the casting station to the moment it effectively becomes into slabs, some of the steel is lost in the process stages. The ratio between the steel volume that becomes slab and the volume of the liquid steel that arrives to the continuous casting is called continuous casting metallic yield. The yield loss in the Tundish is one of the main causes of metallic yield loss in the continuous casting. Therefore, understanding the causes and solutions for the metallic yield loss in this metallurgical reactor is of great interest to the steelmaking industry. At the end sequence in the continuous casting, a solidified steel mass, called tundish skull is discarded inside the tundish. It happens so to avoid vortex formation that takes place at a critical height above the tundish drainage nozzles . Votex produces entrapment of the steel slag and leads it to the mold. This event is both detrimental to the steel quality and to the process safety because it can lead to serious problems like strand breakouts in the continuous casting. Therefore, modify a metallurgical reactor like the tundish requires a great understanding of the correlations between the tundish and the liquid steel; the fluid flow behavior and the role of flow modifiers; the interaction between steel and slag inside the tundish; and the vortex formation phenomenon
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): pedro henrique poubel mendonça da silveira (IME), Matheus pereira ribeiro (ime), thuane teixeira da silva (ime), jheison lopes dos santos (ime), andré ben-hur da silva figueiredo (ime), paulo roberto rodrigues de jesus (ime), alaelson vieira gomes (ime)
Abstract:
In this work, a study of the formation of phases in alumina ceramics, doped with niobium oxide and hematite, using X-ray diffraction technique. of alumina with and without the addition of 4 %wt of niobium oxide and three variations in the content of hematite: 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 %wt. Samples were prepared by uniaxial cold pressing and pressureless sintering. The X-ray powder diffraction results indicated the rhombohedral phase for both alumina and hematite, and the monoclinic structure for niobium oxide. In the sintered samples, three distinct phases were formed: AlFeO3, AlNbO4, and FeNbO4. The formation of these phases indicates the direct interaction of hematite with niobium oxide at high temperatures, forming the FeNbO4 phase. The AlNbO4 phase occurred due to the interaction of alumina with niobium oxide, and the formation of AlFeO3 occurred due to the interaction of alumina with hematite
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Priscila de Almeida Cardoso Santiago (Instituto Federal Fluminense), Lorran Ribeiro Panisset Lima (INSTITUTO FEDERAL FLUMINENSE)
Abstract:
With the large consumption of paper in Brazil and in the world, tons of waste are generated, which can affect the environment. In the papermaking process, a liquid residue with high levels of suspended solids is generated. Much of the waste generated is deposited in a landfill contaminating the soil. In recent years, industries have shown interest in the practice of recycling waste, mainly due to the requirements of environmental agencies. The civil construction industries have a great influence on the recycling of residues, for incorporating them in their materials, thus, several researches for the incorporation of residues generated in the manufacture of paper have been carried out. The ceramic industry stands out for being able to incorporate a large part of industrial waste, thus generating environmentally friendly materials. The objective of this work is to carry out a bibliographic review about the use of primary sludge waste in the incorporation of ceramic products, seeking an improvement in the final characteristics of the product as well as a sustainable disposal for the waste. In the light of the analysis of several authors, it can be concluded that the incorporation of primary sludge waste from the paper and cellulose industry is effective. However, waste samples vary from 2.5% to 10% of incorporated waste.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): FLANELSON MACIEL MONTEIRO (INSTITUTO FED EDUCACAO, CIENCIA E TECN RIO GRANDE NORTE)
Abstract:
The process of manufacturing ceramic materials begins with the choice of raw materials and ends in the selection of the type of sintering of the parts. However, determining the percentage of each raw material that will make up a ceramic mass is a process that requires a great deal of technical knowledge. However, there are scientific techniques that are used to formulate the ceramic masses and bring greater reliability and accuracy in the properties of the final products, such as the triaxial method. In this technique the three main components of the ceramic mass are distributed in diagram in the form of equilateral triangle. In this way, having in mind the need of developing ceramic masses with adequate properties to meet the technical specifications and that the use of scientific methods to start the ceramic parts manufacturing process is indispensable, this work was idealized. Therefore, this work has as objective the production of ceramic masses, with regional raw materials, through the triaxial method. Six (6) ceramic pasta formulations were developed using as raw materials a white burning clay, potassium feldspar and quartz. The forming process took place in a hydraulic press with 21 MPa pressure, producing 15 samples of each formulation. The sintering of the samples was performed at temperatures of 1000°C, 1100°C and 1150°C, with a heating rate of 10°C/min and 60 minutes in a muffle furnace. The results show that the ceramic masses, produced through the triaxial method, have properties similar to the ceramic materials of the type coating.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): kAMILA FURTADO CAMPOS (universidade estadual norte fluminense)
Abstract:
The construction sector consumes a large volume of raw material, in the case of ceramics, clay, an exhaust resource. In order to achieve sustainable growth, in view of the high demands of incorrectly disposed sediments, ornamental rock residues are used, extracted by the movement of diamond wire, in the cutting procedure of a rock block, as an alternative raw material. The objective of this Scientific Research is to prove the durability of these parts, in addition to acquiring burning temperature, percentage of residue, considering atmospheric agents. For this, three lots were divided (Intact, Natural degradation, Laboratory degradation), in all there are 14 pieces made in each percentage of aggregate residue (OR; 2.5R; 5R; 7.5R and 10R), which were burned at three temperatures (750ºC, 850ºC and 950ºC). The intact batch was submitted to moisture cycles with saline water, under accelerated condition in the laboratory. While natural degradation will be exposed to atmospheric conditions, o Laboratory degradation has the purpose of rapidly presenting the natural changes. The parts the that make up residue obtained a decrease in the variation of linear measurements, and less moisture for ceramic processes. Thus, the incorporation of waste, besides being sustainable, ensures greater resistance to the parts.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): João Batista Lamari Palma e Silva (Faculdade de Tecnologia (FT), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)), Luísa Andréia Gachet (FACULDADE DE TECNOLOGIA (FT), UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS (UNICAMP)), Rosa Crisna Cecche Lintz (FACULDADE DE TECNOLOGIA (FT), UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS (UNICAMP))
Abstract:
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) usually demands the use of sensors in large quantities and of high diversity, making use of this technique very expensive and complex. In this context Self-sensing Cement Composite promote monitoring without the installing sensors, by incorporating certain materials, which increase the electrical conductivity of concrete, so that electrical signals can be measured from effects such as piezoresistivity, its happen when the structures strain. To do piezoresistivity experiments, its necessary to know the techniques of measuring electrical quantities, that often requires a great familiarization with the subject, therefore there is reason to do didactic simulations usually contribute to the advancement of this domain. The Tinkercad platform was used to simulate electrical circuits applied to resistivity measurement, which confirm to be satisfactory for the proposed simulation, although some limitations were found in its operation, when compared to the results obtained through the software LISA.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): José Alexandre Tostes Linhares Júnior (UENF), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (UENF), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (UENF), Ariana Silva Azeredo Cruz (UENF), Lucas Reis Cruz (UENF), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (UENF), Sergio Neves Monteiro (IME), Daiane Cecchin (UFF), Jonas Alexandre (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
Porcelains have pozzolanic potentials, so it is possible to incorporate them into the fraction of agglomerate in mortars. The cement industry generates a large amount of impacts on the environment, therefore, this work aimed to incorporate porcelain residue in the agglomerate fraction of mortars in the fresh state. One line without residue was produced as a comparative parameter and then two lines, one with the incorporation of 10% and the other with 20% porcelain. As a method of analysis, mass density tests were carried out in the fresh state, content of air incorporation, water retention and consistency. The results proved to be promising, due to an improvement in the required properties of fresh mortars. This incorporation of porcelain waste would not only mitigate environmental impacts, by reducing the use of cement and increasing the use of waste, it would also positively impact the economy
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Julia Guiguer Veronese (instituto mauá de tecnologia)
Abstract:
Fiber-reinforced composite materials have high durability, strength and less weight. Among them, polymers reinforced with fiberglass stand out for being difficult to recycle. This work aimed to discover properties of othophtalic polyester with a different composition by thermal analysis. Three different resins were used, like pure polyester (PP), another reinforced with fiberglass (PV) and a third composed of fillers and fibers with no defined origin (refuse) submitted to thermal analysis as DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis). The results showed that the greatest loss of mass of the tested materials occurred in the same temperture range (200-650°C), while the degradation temperature for PP, PV and refus is 362, 350, 348°C, respectively. The glass transition was similar (73,94; 70.07; 73.61), with changes in the enthalpy value (2.64; 2.19; 0.25). Thus, it is concluded that is possible to obtain the separation between fiber and matrix, allowing the reuse and recycling of othophtalic polyester reinforced with fiberglass.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Amanda Mendes Ribeiro (UENF), Rômulo Leite Loyola (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
Composite materials have been widely studied, mainly because they are widely used in products from several industrial sectors. Due to this wide use, research has been carried out with the objective of replacing the use of synthetic fibers with natural fibers, in these products. Therefore, this work aimed at the study of piassava fibers collected from a broom factory in Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ as industrial waste, in an epoxy matrix. Initially, the fibers were washed and dried in a stove and, subsequently, their morphology was analyzed with the aid of SEM. Finally, composite plates were produced and cut to dimensions recommended by the standard for performing static flexural tests. As a result, the flexural strength value of approximately 60MPa was obtained for 60% fiber reinforcement. Therefore, confirming the possibility of using a residue for the production of quality composite.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Amanda Mendes Ribeiro (UENF), Rômulo Leite Loyola (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
Currently, there are many environmental concerns. These range from the origin of the materials to their final disposal. In contrast, polymeric composite materials reinforced with synthetic fibers are increasingly seen for the production of products in various industrial sectors. Then, to reduce the impact of the use of fibers of artificial origin, research has been developed with the purpose of replacing them with natural lignocellulosic fibers. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the tensile strength of polymeric composites formulated with epoxy resin and 30% to 60% piassava fiber. As a result, a resistance growth trend was obtained according to the increase in the amount of fiber. The highlight was the proportion of 40% that obtained, approximately, 29MPa.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Amanda Mendes Ribeiro (UENF), Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Eduardo Atem de Carvalho (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
High performance coatings (HPC) are floors that protect substrates in several types of Brazilian industries. Its use is necessary due to several benefits such as speed of application, high mechanical performance and absence of expansion joints. However, the Brazilian standard mentions manufacturing with epoxy resins, of synthetic origin, and mineral aggregates. Therefore, this work aimed to study the mechanical performance of this material using a vegetable polyurethane resin and, as an aggregate, piassava fiber ground in the knife mill. The fiber used was obtained as an industrial by-product of a broom factory located in Campos dos Goytacazes-RJ. The research methodology consisted, initially, in the determination of the density of the fibers collected as waste through the pycnometry technique, as well as the morphological analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Subsequently, water absorption tests were carried out after boiling, compressive strength and fracture analysis using SEM. The results showed the efficiency of using 20% fiber that makes it possible to apply this composition for formulation and use in RAD.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Jessika Rogério de Azevedo (UENF), Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
One of the polymeric materials used in everyday life is polyurethane (PU). This polymer has a marked success history due to characteristics such as lightness, low cost and versatility. However, one of the disadvantages of using this material derived from a petrochemical source is the emission of volatile organic compounds, non-biodegradability and problems with disposal. For this reason, it is essential to develop green, economical, efficient and biodegradable materials for different applications. One way to create eco-friendly PU is to use vegetable oil as a polyurethane polyol. So, this work aimed to study the parameters of making two-component polyurethane matrix derived from castor oil for making High Performance Coating (HPC) to be applied on floors. For this, several proportions between components A and B were initially tested for compression. Then, the samples that stood out were observed by SEM. Finally, RAD cp's were formulated and tested again for compression using different post-cure temperatures. As a result, it was found that the best ratio of A: B to RAD is 1: 1.80 with curing at room temperature.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
The fibers extracted from the stem of the seven-islands-sedge (cyperus malaccensis lam.) plant have been investigated as possible composite reinforcement, aiming to discover a possible new fiber for an engineering aplication. Acording to , ASTM D2101, for the first time in the literature the diameters of the fibers were analyzed by the Weibull method, indicating an inverse depence and higher tensile strenght were achieved for the thinnest fibers. Besides an investigation of the microstructure by a scanning electron microscopy have shown a mechanism for this dependence. Also a mathematical hyperbolic relationship have been found to adjust the inverse correlation.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
Research on natural fibers as a possible engineering material is increasing, since it is possible to identify a series of benefits in NLFs such as: low abrasiveness, low price, low density and high especific tensile strength. These properties combined with their biodegradability raise interest in the research of NLFs. Therefore, in this work, for the first time in the literature, its presented results that were obtained relating the frequency distribution of the diameters, together with their density by diameter range of seven-island-sedge fibers. In addition to a mathematical correlation between the density and the inverse of the diameter a morphological characterization of the seven-islands-sedge (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were performed.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
A growing concern about the limitation of non-renewable resources has brought a focus on the development of environmentally sustainable and biodegradable composite materials. In this context, a trend in the development of natural fibers used as a reinforcement in composites is exponencially increasing. Therefore, in this work, for the first time in the literature, results of the seven-islands-sedge (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) physically characterized by X-ray diffraction and the crystallinity index were by obtained diffractograms. Besides, an evaluation of the interface adhesion of the fiber and an epoxy resin was made by the critical length obtained in pullout test.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
The fibers extracted from the stem of the seven-islands-sedge (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) plant have been investigated as possible composite reinforcement, aiming to review a possible new fiber for an engineering application. For this reason, these fibers were incorporated into epoxy matrix in different volumetric fraction of 10, 20 and 30 vol%. and were investigated for their mechanical properties associated with tensile strength. Plates were fabricated following the dimensions of 150 x 15 x 2 mm as required by the ASTM D3039 standard. The statistics analysis of the results was performed by ANOVA and Tukey tests based on a 95% confidence level. Besides, a Weibull analysis was applied and disclosed a great confidence degree for the Weibull parameters.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
Epoxy composites reinforced with 10,20 and 30% in vol. of a scientifically new natural lignocellulosic fiber in terms of its use as an engineering material known in Brazil as seven-islands-sedge (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) were, investigated for mechanical properties associated with Izod impact test. Specimens with dimensions of 60.25 x 12.7 x 10 mm, as required by ASTM D256 standard and were fabricated in a steel mold by mixing aligned fibers with an epoxy resin hardened with triethylene tetramine. The results have shown that the composite with 30 vol% fiber presents more effective reinforcement. Statistical analyses of the impact energyss data obtained, were performed by Weibull method, ANOVA and Tukey test. Both the Anova and Tukey test analyses were based on a 95% confidence level. The Tukey test confirmed that the reinforcement of 30 vol% of seven-islands-sedge fibers in epoxy composites presents the highest absorption energy showing a significant difference for a pure epoxy matrix and a 10% of volume fraction reinforcing composites. The Weibull analyses exhibited a satisfactory linear adjustment confirming an homogeneity in the specimens group.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): josé maurício dos santos pinheiro (Faculdade de Educação Tecnológica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - FAETERJ)
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): cássio pascoal costa (vale s/a), Tiago Caixeta Nunes (vale s/a), Leonardo Antonio Silva (vale s/a), Luiz Rogerio de Freitas Júnior (vale s/a), Daniel Henrique Cordeiro Silva (vale s/a), Tatiana Barreto dos Santos (universidade federal de ouro preto / ufop), Thiago Antônio Melo Euzébio (Instituto Tecnológico Vale - ITV)
Abstract:
FILTRATION IS A SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION PROCESS WIDELY USED IN MINERAL PROCESSES OF IRON ORE. TO UNDERSTAND THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE 17 VARIABLES THAT INFLUENCE THIS PROCESS, TWO MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES WERE USED. THE FIRST ONE, PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS, WAS CARRIED OUT. SIX PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS WERE IDENTIFIED, WHICH EXPLAINED 72.3% OF THE ORIGINAL DATA. FIVE OF THEM WERE GROUPED INTO CATEGORIES: PRODUCTIVE CAPACITY, CONTAMINANTS, OPERATING CONDITIONS, PRODUCT QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY OF THE FILTER. THESE GROUPS WERE ALSO CONFIRMED WHEN FACTOR ANALYSIS WAS APPLIED. USING BOTH TECHNIQUES, IT WAS POSSIBLE TO VERIFY STATISTICALLY THAT THE CURRENT VARIABLES OBSERVED IN THIS PROCESS ARE ADEQUATE TO MEET THE EXPECTED QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY PARAMETERS.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): PAULO ROBERTO CARREGOSA LUIZ (Instituto militar de engenharia), sergio neves monteiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), michelle souza oliveira (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), ulisses oliveira costa (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), wendell bruno almeida bezerra (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), fernanda georgia de figueiredo taborda (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Authentication is the means to make sure that the user or the remote object is actually who you are claiming to be. It is an essential security service because reliable authentication ensures access control, determines who is authorized to access information, allows audit trails and ensures the legitimacy of access.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): TÚLIO MUMIC CUNHA (UFSCAR)
Abstract:
The current trend to replace shaped refractory with monolithic ones is due to many technical aspects, as lack of expansion joint, free shape, etc. Although, since liquid is added to the material for mixing and reaction of the binding agents, it is necessary to have a careful procedure during the first heating, so the generated vapor can be slowly released, instead of pressurizing inside the material. Because of this, conservative heating profiles are applied during this stage, yielding higher energy costs and maintenance time. Based in this context and considering the recent advances in numerical simulations, this work discusses the implications of the use of different heating rates during the drying of the monolithic lining of a steel ladle. Moreover, a novel parameter is introduced to correlate the maximum vapor pressure and the material’s mechanical resistance. The results point that higher values of pressure and a displacement of the position of this pressure peak are obtained in higher heating rates or larger lining thickness, moving the peak towards the hot face, where fracture is commonly observed. Although the results are preliminary, they show that this is a tool with high applicability to the industry and high technological value.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): PAULO ROBERTO CARREGOSA LUIZ (Instituto militar de engenharia), sergio neves monteiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), fernanda georgia de figueiredo Taborda (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), michelle souza oliveira (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), ulisses oliveira costa (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), wendell bruno almeida bezerra (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Use of computers has growing so grandiose, because of this, the interest of the people to be more detail on this matter and seek information for their survival in the virtual environment has grown as well. Over time, these same people in which sought knowledge for their survival realize that to go further. Thereafter, try new experiences in virtual environments, making invasions in common users, or even of large companies. This work was done in order to create a culture of prevention to connect the Internet, guiding and preventing users from using computers safely and correctly. Demonstrating that the most common means of attack and how to avoid these types of attacks. It was established mechanisms, not to create a network 100% safe, but have ways of how to prevent and avoid these types of attacks.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 10:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): vagner pralon martinelli (ifes)
Abstract:
Based on a model proposed by [1] that simulates a beam in Hot Rolling Mill, whose LQG Controller maintains product dimensions within quality tolerances. A parallel plant was then created, which uses the output signal from the LQG Controller as a reference to another Neuro Adaptive Controller, which in turn controls the hydraulic actuator of the model of [1]. This Controller is an adaptive control with an approximation made by an RBF neural network, based on the work of [2]. To optimize the Adaptive Neuro Controller this paper proposes a gradient descent in the neural network, parameter update through iteration and a qualitative discussion about the Lyapunov Stability method.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): emerson reikdal da cunha (ltm/ufrj)
Abstract:
Simulations of blast-furnace loading using discrete element method provide information that aren’t often available or are difficult to measured in the industrial operation such as particle segregation, size distribution and charge porosity. Additionally, these simulations can be couple to models that help predicting breakage events suffered by granular raw materials. The present work deals with the application of a new modeling strategy of blast furnace loading based on discrete element method. Contact parameters for the raw materials used in the simulation have been characterized using bench scale experiments. In DEM simulations, the real scale of the operation was considered, from the hoppers to the top of the blast furnace. Simulations of the hopper loading, and its discharge were performed considering the movement of the rotating chute used in the industrial operation. The results allowed for the identification of the ideal loading condition of the coke and mettalic mixtures and will serve as basis for the development of a detailed phenomenological blast-furnace loading model.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Lays Augusta Leal Carvalho (UFOP - REDEMAT)
Abstract:
Refractory materials are widely used in the steel industry because, in addition of their resistance at high temperatures, they are developed to meet the demands associated to mechanical resistance. Thus, in order to ensure a good performance, some equipment must use an appropriate refractory material, in a feasible way. In hot strips rolling, the reheating furnaces use refractories of different compositions compatible with the use requirements. The doors of these furnaces require special attention because they are in a chemically aggressive environment, which has different kind of temperatures and stresses. Therefore, this methodology includes thermal and structural analysis carried out through computational modeling using Heat Flow and Ansys, related to the information of temperatures that the doors are subjected and other variables of the refracting system. It was possible to adapt the coating materials for the reheating furnace for hot strip lamination in a more economical and sustainable way using some information as density, internal furnace temperature, convection coefficient between the door and the internal part, and the emissivity of the structure.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): CLAUDIA DOMINGUES ROMEIRO SHIROZAKI (Autônomo), INGRID PERSON ROCHA E PINHO (GRUPO TERNIUM)
Abstract:
THE WORK PRESENTS THE RESULTS OF A GREENHOUSE GAS MITIGATION OPTION CARRIED OUT THROUGH A SIMULATION OF THE USE OF CARBONIZED BIOMASS AT DIFFERENT INJECTION LEVELS ON BLAST FURNACES OF COKE AND COAL, FOR A STEELMAKER ON THE INTEGRATED ROUTE. THE OBJECTIVE IS TO PRESENT THE USE OF BIOMASS AS ONE OF THE OPTIONS FOR GHG REDUCTION, A REGIONAL SOLUTION, TAKING ADVANTAGE OF THE COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LATIN AMERICAN CONTINENT. THEY WERE SIMULATED AS INJECTION RANGES OF 3%, 6% AND 10% OF CARBONIZED BIOMASS IN A BLAST FURNACE WITH INTEGRATED BF / BOF ROUTE, OBTAINING AN EXPECTATION OF EMISSION REDUCTION AND THE AMOUNT OF BIOMASS NEEDED TO SUPPLY THIS DEMAND.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): AMANDA KAUANNE GOMES DE ALENCAR (ITPAC - PORTO NACIONAL)
Abstract:
Concrete is the most produced and consumed material in the world and can admit in its composition the addition of various types of waste. Addition of tire splinter residues in partial replacement of the washed sand in the concrete mass contributes to a correct disposal of this residue that is often discarded in the environment. This study investigated the addition of tire rubber residues (splinters) from the resurfacing service in the city of Porto Nacional / TO. Concrete produced with an addition of 5% to 20% was investigated. The results show that the greater the addition of the residue, the greater the influence on mechanical and technological properties. The reduction of resistance is favored with the addition of rubber, which happens in an inverse way with density and workability.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Rubia Teodoro Silva (Ternium brasil)
Abstract:
Slag making is vital for a stable BOF Process, in regular operation, it is intended to have a suitable final slag for lining maintenance. In many cases, the final slag is not in good condition, which demands slag correction. This paper proposes a slag correction model that connects the shopping floor background with theoretical knowledge and data science to describe the methodology used for slag correction at Ternium Brazil. The correction model considers the relationship between MgO saturation and liquid fraction as a critical parameter to promotes slag adherence on the converter walls. As a result, the model implementation provided economic savings by efficient materials consumption and an increase in the converter walls' cover efficiency
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): gianluca maccani (bm group polytec spa)
Abstract:
The purpose of this document is to describe the new technology developed to increase safety, reduce the manpower needed in dangerous areas. New technologies now available, new reliable models of robots, the requests from the end users and the presence of new specialized supplier focused on the robotics business but with skills in the steel industry have create a new range of robotic solution able to increase safety, productivity and quality. The integration, made in different steps, both in automation and robotics side introduce the concept of the industry 4.0, the digitalization of the information shared with the existent automation and the efficient and friendly interface allow to increase the productivity and reduce the human presence out of the control pulpit..
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Norbert Asamer (braun maschinenfabrik), stefan purrer (braun maschinenfabrik), julio cesar enge raele (raele consultoria)
Abstract:
According to the newest trends, continuously cast products require full precise surface treatment or deburring at the front and/or tail ends before next process steps. Based on their experience and know-how with abrasive machining processes (abrasive cutting, high-pressure grinding) over a period of more than 50 years up to now, BRAUN has developed a highly flexible surface grinding and deburring grinding machines for applications which are too difficult for conventional deburring techniques. The subject paper describes the key features and advantages of BRAUN’s machine design and the operational results from the first already completed projects
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Renan de Melo correia lima (PUC - RIO DE JANEIRO), fLÁVIA TEREZA DOS SANTOS FERNANDES TOLOMELLI (csn), OMAR GINOBLE PANDOLI (PUC-RIO), fernando cosme rizzo assunção (PUC-RIO)
Abstract:
The demand for advanced high strength steels (AHSS) remains high in the automotive industry. Among the first generation AHSS Complex-Phase (CP) steels have been receiving attention as possible substitutes for Dual-Phase (DP) ones due to a higher yield strength and being less prone to void nucleation. An important and challenging aspect in the production of CP steels is the microstructural characterization. These steels can present in their microstructure ferrite, bainite, martensite, retained austenite and pearlite. The combination of characterization techniques such as light optical microscopy (LOM) with color etching and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been successfully used for microstructural quantification. However, EBSD techniques rely on complicated and long sample preparation processes as well as long collection times. A possible alternative to EBSD would be the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM). In this work, two recently produced CP class steels whose microstructure was quantified by LOM and EBSD were characterized by AFM. The quantification results show that the AFM can be used to complement the data obtained by the other techniques.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): ARTHUR FELIPE LINO OLIVEIRA (usiminas), beatriz fausta gandra (usiminas), GUSTAVO HENRIQUE PINTO DE OLIVEIRA (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
At Usiminas it was observed that Blast Furnace #1 (BF#1) was presenting hot metal with higher silicon contents than Blast Furnace #3 (BF#3). In order to verify the operational correlations that justify this difference in quality, a statistical analysis of the blast furnaces operational data from January to April 2021 was performed. The t-test for independent samples and the Mann-Whitney were used for comparative evaluation between the furnaces. In addition, a factor analysis of the data was performed considering the dynamic complexity of the reactors. BF#1 presented operating parameters favorable to the reduction of silicon in hot metal when compared to BF#3, such as: lower coke rate, lower hot metal temperature, higher productivity, and higher level of oxygen enrichment. However, it presented a higher fuel rate and higher quartz loading when compared to BF#3, which may have favored the greater incorporation of silicon in the BF#1. For BF#3 the counter pressure system had a great influence to reduce the silicon of the hot metal, indicating that, due to technological differences, the furnaces must not operate in the same way regarding silicon control.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): adrian villanueva (BASF SE), Willy Cilengi (BASF South Africa ), Aitber Bizhanov (J.C. Steele & Sons, Statesville)
Abstract:
Agglomeration of natural and anthropogenic iron-containing fine raw materials plays a very important role in ferrous metallurgy, allowing the recycling of significant volumes of sludge and dust, which otherwise could lead to a significant negative impact on the environment and to the ineffective use of large areas for their disposal. This study show different examples which demonstrate the possibility for efficient usage of organic binders in ferrous metallurgy agglomeration. The usage of BASF organic binders can be combined or complemented with inorganic binders such as sodium bentonite or other materials to increase thermal stability and to improve the behavior in the furnace. The low dosage of BASF organic binders required in the ferrous material and avoid dilution of desired metal into the furnace, which indicates there is an economic benefit to be obtained.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): cristiano geraldo de sales (evonik)
Abstract:
The reduction of mining reagents is a priority for the mining industry with the advent of social and environmental concerns, and for technical factors. Cationic collectors, typically etheramines, are the major reagent used in the iron ore flotation process and are also the most costly. Their consumption tends to be higher as the quartz content of deposits increase. The high dosage can impact the iron recovery and increase foam issues in processing plants. Higher amine consumption negatively affects global sustainability, with more freight, more stockpiled volume, higher chemical production, and higher CO2 generation, as examples. Three etheramine collectors were evaluated in the flotation of two typically Brazilian iron ores (friable itabirite and semi-compact itabirite). Arosurf® MG70A30, Tomamine® M-4713 and Tomamine® M-3513 were tested to determine the technical and economic feasibility while meeting SiO2 specifications. The main references for evaluating the results were the standard amine dosage normally used in the industrial process of each ore. Arosurf® MG70A30 achieved higher iron recovery for friable itabirite with a reduction in the amine consumption by 25%. With the semi-compact itabirite, Tomamine® M-3513 provided higher iron recovery with at least 40% lower amine consumption.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): HENRIQUE DIAS GATTI TURRER (Anglo American)
Abstract:
performance of the mineralogical analysis laboratory in Minas-Rio, by Anglo American. Monitoring of data through cash management, investment in training for capacity building, empowerment of the technical team and strengthening of the planning routine had a strong effect on the project indicator. The average quantity of tablets analyzed per week rose from 11.9 to 23.9 as soon as the project was completed and is at 21.8 after almost a year of completion. The annual amount saved with third party analysis is almost one million reais.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Amanda de paiva silva (UFOP)
Abstract:
Duplex stainless steels (DSS) are a type of stainless steels composed of approximately equal proportions of ferrite and austenite, α and ɤ, respectively. They are able to combine high mechanical resistance, ductility, corrosion resistance and weldability. Thus, they can be used in several industrial segments, such as the nuclear, civil construction and papermaking industries. Depending on the conditions to which it is submitted, the proportions of the phases formed can be altered and, consequently, their mechanical and electrical properties. Therefore, their production history and the conditions of thermomechanical treatments to which they were submitted, must be well known. Thus, the DSS 2205 cold rolled and annealed at different temperatures was characterized by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers microhardness, as well as its electrochemical behavior, using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique (EIS). The thermomechanical treatment to which the alloy is subjected affects the passive layer formed in the DSS 2205. For the annealed samples, the increase in the annealing temperature improved the properties of the passive film.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Daniel Soares Portela de Ornellas (cefet/rj campus nova iguaçu), ADRIANE Lopes Mougo (CEFET/RJ CAMPUS Nova Iguaçu), LUCAS PERES ALMEIDA (CEFET/RJ CAMPUS NOVA IGUAÇU), João Eduardo Pinto Castro Ribeiro (INSTITUTO POLITÉCNICO DE BRAGANÇA - IPB)
Abstract:
The roughness is an important factor related to surface integrity and when referred to Steel Duplex UNS S31803, that have biphasic microstructure composed of grains of mechanical properties distinct, can show specific features during the turning process due to the elastic recovery of each grain. In this way, the variation of parameters in elapse of cutting process implies in surface finishes that, without a quality control, may generate a finish susceptible to stress concentrators with low useful life under fatigue. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the roughness variation of Duplex Steel during the turning, seeking out to predict its behavior when submitted to variable cutting conditions. For this, were realized different measurements of roughness by means of a roughness meter/profilometer and subsequently statistical methods such as ANOVA and Taguchi were applied for the treatment of the datas. The variable parameters are the feed rate, the rotation, the nose radius and the cutting depth at two levels each. Forthwith, was proposed a mechanistic model to examine the behavior of roughness depart the variation of cutting parameters more influents.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): ana paola villalva braga (Instituto de pesquisas tecnológicas)
Abstract:
Molybdenum containing fire-resistant structural steels are available on the international market, but are much more expensive than conventional structural steels, inhibiting its use in the building industry in Brazil. Molybdenum promotes the formation of acicular microstructures, solid solution hardening, and delays secondary carbides coarsening. Mo containing fire-resistant steels are less susceptible to loss of mechanical properties when exposed to fire situations, showing yield strengths, at 600 °C, at least 2/3 of the room temperature yield strength. The development of lower-cost, new lean Mo fire-resistant steels, not requiring thermal protection, is a technological challenge in the steelmaking and building industries. This research project seeks the development of the combination of a new alloy design (reduced molybdenum contents) with controlled thermomechanical processing. Boron and Niobium additions to microalloyed steels may provide synergisms for the formation of acicular structures and enhance secondary precipitation of carbides, at a lower cost. The research aims the optimization of the relationship between microalloyed carbides precipitation in austenite, for grain refining, and secondary precipitation in the ferritic phase at fire temperatures, to increase yield strength by self-healing processes.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Leandro da silva passos (TERNIUM), Amadeus penna firma machado (ternium)
Abstract:
The acquisition of asset data in an industrial plant is a challenge, the large number of variables linked to connectivity problems presented in the coverage of an extensive built area are crucial factors in the development of a data acquisition system. With the evolution of the Internet of Things theme, through protocols that make data available over a long distance, with low energy consumption, it is possible to cover large areas with reduced infrastructure. This work presents details of the implemented architecture, the protocol used, the territorial coverage obtained within the Ternium Brasil plant and the integration with the plant information management system (PIMS) present at Ternium Brasil.
Keynote Speaker
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Antonio Cordeiro de Souza - Manager of industrial segment - Submerged Arc, from Lincoln Electric, Brazil
Abstract:
Opening Ceremony
6/7/22, 11:05 AM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Willy Ank de Morais - Coordinator of the Scientific Initiation Technical Committee
Abstract:
HR Rounds
6/7/22, 11:15 AM - 6/7/22, 11:45 AM
Presenter(s): Fulvio Siciliano - Metallurgist and Senior Applications Consultant at Dynamic Systems
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): leonardo camilo dos reis (usiminas), beatriz fausta gandra (usiminas), Adriano Cesar Carvalhido (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
Prior knowledge of metallic and coke loading profile using moving plates is important for controlling the loading distribution within in blast furnaces. The present study evaluated, through computer simulation, the load distribution inside the Usiminas Blast Furnace 3 as a function of different positions of the moving plates. The computer simulation of the Blast Furnace 3 loading was performed using the Discrete Element Modeling technique, which allows the evaluation of the behavior of particulate materials. Using actual values obtained by measuring the dispersion of the loading in the blast furnace, it was possible to calibrate the friction of the particles involved and, consequently, the computational model was validated. With the validated model, the load distribution within the Blast Furnace 3 was determined as a function of different positions of the moving plates. The results of the simulation showed changes in the coke and metallic load distribution as a function of the position of the moving plates. Through the results found by the computer simulation, it was possible to identify new positions for the moving plates that allowed a better operational stability to the Blast Furnace 3
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): JOÃO FILIPE CAVALCANTI LEAL (CSP - COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA DO PECÉM), Robson Luiz Alves da Silva (CSP - COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA DO PECÉM), Hilder Caldas Ferreira (CSP - COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA DO PECÉM), Marcos Daniel Gouveia Filho (CSP - COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA DO PECÉM), Carlos André Ruy Carneiro (CSP - companhia siderúrgica do pecém), Ricardo Emílio F. Q. Nogueira (UFC - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ), José Marcos Sasaki (UFC - Universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
Refractories, materials used industrial equipment, are associated with range of environmental problems. Refractory wastes are historically disposed of as waste in industrial landfills. However, some of the refractory materials used have the potential to be recycled, contributing to environmental and economic sustainability. The addition of recycled aggregates of system Al2O3-SiC on refractory concrete of the Al2O3-SiC-C system were evaluated for the development of refractory recycling technology after use. In general, the results of the dynamic slag test indicated the potential of the use of recycled aggregates of charging ladle, torpedo ladle car and slide gate plates.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): THAIS PEREIRA DIAS GUSMÃO (ECOLAB (ANT. NALCO) SAO PAULO)
Abstract:
Presentation of biocide technology with equipment that generates chlorine dioxide without the formation of chlorides, which enabled an increase in the cycle in cooling towers, a reduction in the impact of changing the Quench of the process and a reduction in the corrosion rate of the company's assets. In addition to reducing sodium hypochlorite consumption and packaging handling - Reverse Logistics
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): David Coverdale Rangel Velasco (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro ), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
In order to obtain new materials, man began to combine different types of materials, thus creating composites. These can not only have properties and costs more attractive than conventional materials, but also generate environmental benefits such as minimizing the consumption of natural resources and taking advantage of waste that would once have been discarded. In this sense, this work aims to characterize the linear thermal expansion of composites reinforced with coconut shell particles in two configurations, processed and unprocessed. The processed particles were ground for 24 hours in a ball mill of the brand Servitech, model CT-240 / A. The tests were performed on a Netzsch dilatometer, model DIL 402 PC, at a rate of 2°C/min, aiming to characterize the behavior of 30 to 190°C. Through the tests it was possible to characterize the behavior of the composites, as well as to observe what the behavior of the composites varied according to the amount of load, in a non-proportional way, and type of load. It is also added that the processing of particulates favors the reduction of internal stresses, influencing less than unprocessed particles in the expansion of the epoxy.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Lais de Souza Alves (INT - INstituto nacional de tecnologia), Andreza Menezes Lima (INT - INstituto Nacional de Tecnologia), Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro (IME - INstituto militar de engenharia), Alexandre Antunes Ribeiro (INT - INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE TECNOLOGIA)
Abstract:
Polymeric films containing calcium phosphates, graphene oxide, sodium alginate and collagen were produced using the casting technique for potential application in biomaterials. Films were characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman spectroscopy and swelling tests to assess their behavior in a physiological environment. In the microscopy obtained by SEM, it was possible to notice that the technique used was successful in producing homogeneous films. The X-ray diffraction results showed the presence of alginate, graphene oxide and the two phases of calcium phosphate (HAP e β-TCP), as well as in the Raman analysis, where the D and G bands related to graphene are identified. The addition of graphene oxide in the films was able to reduce the presence of fissures and increase the degree of swelling and, consequently, the resistance of the films to degradation.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): CARLOS ANDRE RUY CARNEIRO (CSP)
Abstract:
Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecem, after two years of operation, faced the great challenge of supplying Ultra Low Carbon steel slabs to be rolled in the European market. The level of quality would require a higher level of technological capacity of the company to serve this market. For this, cleaneless measurement techniques were developed and validated and the fundamentals of metallurgical phenomena and operational procedures that impact the cleaneless of Ultra Low Carbon steels with exposed and unexposed automotive application were studied in order to obtain a reduced exfoliation index in the product. The challenges consisted of defining refining and casting process parameters that would guarantee optimal levels of cleaneless based on the exfoliation results in the final product; and to develop cleaneless measurement methods that would allow for the continuous development of CSP refining processes. The result of this development positioned CSP as a reference in quality, with cleaneless levels 50% better than the best rolling company supplier until then, and levels equivalent to the slabs of the rolling mill company itself, which is one of the world references in this product line. The conceptual objectives stand out, such as the development of cleaneless assessment techniques that will allow CSP, a slab producer, to anticipate and act on steel projects in order to optimize quality according to the customer's needs; from the definition of correlations between exfoliation, total oxygen and the level of inclusions obtained in product; in addition to process mapping and knowledge creation for the organization.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Vucinic Bojan (DANIELI)
Abstract:
Integrated iron and steelmaking production represents the globally predominant technology. Global requirements for CO2 reduction will have impact on needed changes in iron and steelmaking philosophy using new technologies which generate less CO2. Based on forecast, hydrogen application in primary steelmaking and scrap melting process will have higher shares in part of World where integrated iron and steelmaking process is considered as traditional. Transition from traditional and well-established process to the process based on DRI / HBI production together with scrap melting in electric arc furnace must be followed by capability to produce high quality grades from content of residuals elements point of view. Required transition from integrated to electrical steelmaking philosophy could have impact on existing secondary metallurgy process as well. This article presents way how to keep capability to produce high quality grades with low content of residual elements using different charged material and using different secondary metallurgy configuration.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): FABIO DE OLIVEIRA BRAGA (FACULDADE SENAI RIO), Flávio Altoé Franco (Arcelormittal), Lívia Ramos de Almeida (faculdade senai rio)
Abstract:
In the steelmaking industry, equipment failures are highly concerning because of the extremely high temperatures and mechanical loads involved. The support rolls conduct the solidified slab through the continuous casting process, and thus are subjected to high mechanical loads. Sometimes, these repetitive loads produce discontinuities and failure, especially when there are areas more susceptible to cracks, such as the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the welds. In the present work, the failure of a continuous casting roll was investigated, and a new welding procedure specification (WPS) for repairing crack indications was proposed. Satisfactory results were obtained by using the ER70S-6 as filler metal and by controlling the pre and post-heating.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Giulio Antunes de Medeiros (Companhia siderúrgica nacional), Hesron willian de oliveira (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL), Daniel Alexandre da Costa Ximenes (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
Metal drums are useful and adaptable medium-sized cylindrical containers, which can be used both for transporting liquids and semi-solids. Its circular shape provides maximum strength, allowing it to be tipped over and rolled even when fully loaded. Among the efforts aimed at sustainable measures are those aimed at geometric improvements for an optimized use of metallic sheets that are the input material in the manufacture of steel drums, with these generally manufactured from cold-rolled steel sheets with thickness ranging from 0.292 mm to 2.4 mm. Therefore, the present work aimed to analyze the effects of reducing the thickness of the metallic sheet used in the manufacture of 200L steel drums on the axial compression resistance resulting from stacking. For this, the finite element method was used to simulate the loading conditions for drums made from metallic sheets with thicknesses of 0.85 mm (original), 0.75 mm and 0.65 mm. The results obtained demonstrate that the maximum stress values undergo large variations when a thickness reduction is applied, keeping the same materials and the same boundary conditions, with the upper seaming region for thicknesses of 0.75 mm and 0.65 mm requiring special caution.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): rodrigo garcia ribeiro (RHI MAGNESITA), ALEXANDRE DOLABELLA RESENDE (rhi magnesita), aloisio simões ribeiro (rhi magnesita), bruno filipe guimarães (rhi magnesita), maurício bittencourt marques (gerdau ouro branco), daniel rezende machado (gerdau ouro branco)
Abstract:
During slag granulation in a Blast Furnace Main Trough, the contact between water and slag can lead to explosions, due to presence of pig iron in the slag. Aiming to reduce the molten metal passage through the slag port in a Gerdau Ouro Branco main trough, numerical simulations were performed for different geometric configurations of the main trough. In the first part, the impact of increasing the width and increasing the depth of the main trough were analyzed. In the second part, it was analyzed the impact of increasing the slag thickness through the increase of main trough’s ΔH. Simulation results show that the width increase is efficient to reduce metal passage through the slag port, while slag thickening impacts positively in the fluid separation, but for the separation of metal particles, the positive impact occurs only above a certain increase in thickness.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): juliana medeiros salgado (usiminas)
Abstract:
For integrated steel mills, sinter is one of the main raw materials that make up the metallic charge for the production of hot metal and can reach a majority in the charge. In view of this high percentage of sinter use, it is necessary that the raw material supply routes are adequate to the demands, obeying the requests and environmental requirements. Due to the complexity of the raw material handling process, a dynamic process simulation model was developed using a computer simulation software with multiple interactions. This model aimed to formulate, test and evaluate the raw material handling operations, identifying opportunities for systems improvements. The model was designed so that the input data were included using the software Excel, making it flexible in terms of filling in the information. The simulation developed proved to be very close to reality and was essential for the construction of the scope of several projects at USIMINAS – Ipatinga Plant. In addition, functionalities and possibilities were identified using the simulation model for application in the operation and maintenance routines.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): rAYMUNDO GOMES MOREIRA JUNIOR (mINERAÇÃO USIMINAS - MUSA), aNDRÉ nOGUEIRA (MINERAÇÃO USIMINAS), Karine Gabrielle Soares De Paula (mineração usiminas), isac alves (mineração usiminas)
Abstract:
The high volume of tailings from mining has generated pressure on mining companies to seek solutions that minimize the resulting impacts and reduce the risk of accidents and disasters with tailings dams. This work aims to validate the centrifugal decanter equipment as an alternative to existing process routes such as filtration for disposal in drained stacking. Pilot scale tests were carried out with the slimes generated in the ITM-Samambaia plant of Mineração Usiminas, through the centrifugation process. The centrifuge process is based on the use of centrifugal force that increases many times the force that acts on the center of gravity of the particles, facilitating the separation and contributing to the reduction of the residence time in the equipment, this characteristic makes the centrifuges become the most efficient mechanical equipment in the separation of solids/liquids. The tests were divided into two stages, the first exploratory and the second used the Factorial Planning method with replica, with the sequence of tests and the respective rotation back drive (conveyor screw), feed flow and residence time (controlled by the water outlet opening) generated in Minitab® statistical software
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): edgar rodo mantilla (csn mineração)
Abstract:
The objective was to approve a silica content analyzer by image analysis for advanced control and optimization of the CSN Mineração column flotation process. The methodology consisted of parameterization and construction of the equipment's algorithm, comparison tests with chemical laboratory and industrial tests. The qualitative results were greater predictability and stability of the process, faster flotation interference and greater chance of reaching the client silica content. The quantitative results are summarized in a good correlation with the chemical laboratory results, r² = 86% of the linear regression analysis. The variability of flotation concentrate silica content was reduce in 22% and the dosage of the amine reagent was reduce 10%. The number of the laboratory routine chemical analysis has a potential gain to reduce 50%. As a conclusion, the equipment showed significant gains in reagent consumption and stability of the CSN Mineração column flotation process.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Andre augusto de araujo Vilar (Swiss Steel do Brasil), andreas mohr (deutsche edelstahlwerke), horst hill (DEUTSCHE EDELSTAHLWERKE), janosch conrads (DEUTSCHE EDELSTAHLWERKE), karlheinz hoeren (DEUTSCHE EDELSTAHLWERKE), philipp niederhofer (DEUTSCHE EDELSTAHLWERKE), leandro akira tochiro (swiss steel group)
Abstract:
Stainless austenitic steels are widely applied in the field of classic mechanical engineering. An important representative of these grades is the material 1.4404 (316L), which is well established as a standard steel in Additive Manufacturing (AM). Typical stainless austenites contain some main alloying elements, which are described in the following: The formation of an austenitic microstructure is achieved by nickel (Ni). The addition of chromium (Cr) lead to the corrosion resistance of these materials. For resistance to localized corrosion, molybdenum (Mo) can be added. However, this requires full dissolution of Cr and Mo in the steel matrix. As a consequence, stainless austenites usually exhibit very low carbon and nitrogen contents to prevent chromium carbides and nitrides. But, both alloying elements cannot be classified as being detrimental in stainless austenites in general. In contrast, C and N can also be used to improve mechanical and chemical properties. Based on this knowledge, a high-strength austenite was developed particularly tailored for AM. The mechanical properties of the new development, determined by tensile tests, show twice as high characteristic values (yield strength, Rp0.2, and ultimate tensile strength, Rm) compared to 316L, with simultaneously increased corrosion resistance against chloride ions.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): LUISA DE AMORIM MAKHOUL GOMES (CEFET/RJ CAMPUS NOVA IGUAÇU), ADRIANE LOPES MOUGO (CEFET/RJ CAMPUS Nova Iguaçu), LIVIA MENDONÇA NOGUEIRA (CEFET/RJ CAMPUS NOVA IGUAÇU), FABIO DA COSTA FIGUEIREDO (UFRJ)
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to study the friction in the second shear zone by measuring the cutting forces during the turning process of the UNS S 32760. The variable parameters were the feed of the tool and the cutting speed. The depth of cut was kept constant and during this process no cutting fluid was used. Then, it was applied the results of the experimental cutting force in a numerical method presents in the literature in order to simulate the orthogonal cutting process using as basis the friction coefficient obtained in the experimental phase, the tool-chip contact length and other machining conditions, in order to determine the cutting forces. With the chip thickness measured on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the tool-chip contact length was calculated using some analytical models from the literature. After the analysis, the best model was chosen. After, numerical model results were generated to the determine the behavior of the cutting forces and stress in the tool-chip contact.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Bhetina cunha gomes (CSN - VOLTA REDONDA - BR 393 -), Thiago de Souza Martins (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL), DANIEL ALEXANDRE DA COSTA XIMENES (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL), Elivelton Alves Ferreira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE), Luciano Pessanha Moreira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE)
Abstract:
Advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) are now widely used in the automotive industry for body-car lightweight solutions to meet the environmental requirements of reducing CO2 emissions. Hot stamping boron steels with Zn-Fe galvanized coatings are an alternative to the issues arising from the reduced formability of other AHSS grades. The blank is first austenitized and subsequently stamped and tempered simultaneously in this process. This work aims to investigate the corrosion resistance of a hot-dip galvanized Zn-Fe boron steel sheet before and after hot stamping conditions. Open circuit potential testing in 4 wt.% HCl solution allowed to evaluate the dissolution of different phases present in the Zn-Fe coating. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests in 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution permitted to assess the corrosion resistance of different coated samples. The EIS results showed that the stamping process decreases corrosion resistance and that the coating with higher Zn content showed superior corrosion resistance before and after hot stamping.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:30 AM - 6/7/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Danilo Antônio caldeira silva (Universidade federal de minas gerais), TURIBIO TANUS SALIS (VSB - Vallourec Soluções Tubulares do Brasil), ANtonio de padua braga (Universidade federal de minas gerais)
Abstract:
Black-box models have shown incredible felxibility and accuracy in prediciting what values certain variables involved in industrial processes will assume in the future, given the values of certain other variables. These models, however, are frequently too complex to be interpreted by a human operator, and are frequently unable to furnish adequate answers to queries regarding interventions in a given system, or to answer counterfactual queries. Causal models, however, frequently can. In this work we explore the causal modeling of two stages in the production of seamless steel tubes, extracting directed acyclic graphs, which can then be used for rule extraction, as well as for predictive, intervention and counterfactual queries.
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Francis Welington Moraes da Cruz (Companhia SiderúrgicA do Pecém )
Abstract:
The optimization of eletric energy consumption in an Integrated Steel Mill is important for reducing costs and increasing the company. The current scenario of economic crisis and high industry competition requires actions in several processes with a focus on reducing costs and increasing productivity. This project is developed at the Pecém Steel Mill in the Molten Steel. The development of this work consists of the collection, analysis and treatment of data on the electric energy consumption of the Molten Steel. Therefore, it is possible to obtain consumption diagnostics and identify reduction opportunities, which are dealt with in action plans that include technical and process improvements, automation, review of procedures and training of employees. The results obtained in the project consist in the reduction of the electric energy consumption of the Molten Steel, which contributes to a cost reduction and reduction of the distribution of electric energy from the thermoelectric, thus, increasing the possibility of selling electric energy to the National Interconnected System.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): RODRIGO MAGALHAES DE CARVALHO (universidade federal do rio de janeiro), Bruno Pinheiro da Silva (ternium brasil), Rafael Aires dos Santos Pereira (ternium brasil), André Wulff Hirano (ternium brasil), Emerson Reikdal da Cunha (universidade federal do rio de janeiro)
Abstract:
The work presents the development of a mathematical model for the loading of blast furnaces called SCAF which is able to predict the burden degradation during loading. In this model, simulations of the granular flow using the discrete element method (DEM) serve as bases for the calibration and validation of particle motion equations and provide the collision energies transferred to particles during blast furnace loading. The SCAF results show good correlation with those obtained from DEM simulations such as particle size distribution, ore/coke ration, blast furnace bed profile and composition, demanding low computation cost. With such a tool, the operators can then evaluate the outcomes of a loading strategy in real time, allowing for the Search for optimal operation conditions.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): SUZANA BARRêTO NORONHA RIBEIRO (Instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Brazil is considered a developing country, in the last decades it has presented remarkable progress in several aspects of the economy, education, politics, science and health. Recent advances in tissue engineering have focused on the use of biochemical and physic-chemical signals to trigger specific cellular responses and encourage better biological interaction between biomaterial and living tissue. As a result, there was a significant interest in the development of intelligent biomaterials, which can generate electrical stimuli in situ, for accelerated bone repair, healing, and regeneration. Piezoelectric ceramics may be the key to the functionalization of current grafts, as they exhibit mechanically generated electrical behaviour. In this work, the production of sodium and potassium niobate (KNN) will be adopted by the sol-gel method to observe changes in the microstructure. The synthesis was efficient, and the material has characteristics that validate its possible biomedical application.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): daysianne kessy mendes isidorio (instituto militar de engenharia (IME)), Ronaldo Sergio de Biasi (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA (IME)), Wesley Oliveira da Silva (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA (IME)), Arquimedes Lopes Nunes Filho (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA (IME)), Mattheus Torquato (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA (IME))
Abstract:
The purpose of this work was to characterize a nanocomposite of CoFe2O4/rGO nanocomposite produced in a single step by the hydrothermal method. The characterization was performed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). From the results, it was possible to identify the phases, observe the morphology, determine the average size of the nanoparticles, and identify the functional groups present in the sample.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): LUCIANO MONTEIRO ALMEIDA (ufpa), Olívia leite lopes (ufpa), Sérgio Neves Monteiro (ime), Alisson Clay Rios da Silva (UFPA), Verônica Scarpini Candido (UFPA)
Abstract:
The Natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) are widely studied due to factors such as the short period of growth, renewability and greater availability. In this perspective, this work aims to study the geometric aspects, such as diameter and length, and their relationship with the geometric and apparent density of the lignocellulosic fiber of caranã (Mauritiella armata). One hundred fibers were randomly selected for statistical analysis of length, mass and diameter, and later the apparent density was calculated in relation to distilled water, according to a DNER-ME 084/95 standard. The results showed a tendency to increase the geometric density for fibers that had a larger diameter, nevertheless, considered low when compared to other natural fibers and the bulk density was found below 1g/cm³, however, even with the values reduced from this property, the results are close to those compared with the researched literatures.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): matthias meyn (Danieli corus)
Abstract:
Danieli entered the converter business in 2011 with the inception of the new, dedicated business unit Danieli Linz. Activities ramped up rapidly in this highly demanding and conservative area of steelmaking. Currently, five BOF converter vessels supplied by Danieli Linz are operating worldwide with sizes between 80 t and 350 t. Another 300 t converter is currently under fabrication. Since July 2018 the converter technology has been fully integrated into Danieli Corus. Danieli Corus is already very successful in blast furnace iron making as well as niche markets for oxygen steelmaking. Danieli Corus is market leader in the supply of sublance systems together with one of the most advanced level 2 systems. With this new set–up of integrating the experts of Danieli Linz into the Danieli Corus group a great opportunity has been launched for further developing equipment in oxygen steelmaking. But on top of that, this is the first time that engineers of an equipment supplier of two disciplines (iron making and steelmaking) are working together in a single location. This opens completely new opportunities for the joint development of tools and software for optimizing blast furnace and converter processes in terms of cost and resource savings. In the area of converter off–gas capture, cooling and cleaning, current development focuses on maximizing the hood design’s coverage at minimum maintenance requirement. In the near future this item will be covered in more detail. Completed redevelopment of the scrubber and mist eliminator designs are discussed in this article.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): PAULO ROBERTO OGLIARI HOPPERDIZEL (LUMAR METALURGICA LTDA), Nerea Mendonza (acindar), thiago wandekoken (lumar metalurgica)
Abstract:
Acindar a steel company with two 110 t Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) focused on to increase efficiency and cost reduction of the steelmaking process, planned to revamp the chemical energy package changing the equipment of oxygen and carbon injection on the two EAFs with the goal of decrease the consumption of injected carbon, oxygen and better slag foaming. The two EAF use to charge scrap and DRI continuously feeding with three ports of burner/oxygen and carbon injection. This project consisted in replacing the existing three ports of burner/oxygen and carbon injection for a new EAF chemical package, composed by copper blocks, burners and injectors of oxygen and carbon. Searching for the best technology currently available in the market, they chose the chemical package developed by Lumar to EAF, composed by Protect Block, FlexOx and Power Carbon (to the needy carburization points). In this paper will be presenting the chemical package equipments implemented in these EAF’s revamp, as well the installation project, besides the operational results obtained during startup. The main results were the reduction of the consumption of the carbon, oxygen, improvement of the formation of foaming slag and reduction of energy consumption of the furnaces.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): DANILO DI NAPOLI GUZELA (COMPANHIA BRASILEIRA DE METALURGIA E MINERACAO), antonio augusto gorni (autônomo), Felipe Monteiro Moraes de Moura Bastos (cbmm), Marcos Stuart Nogueira (CBMM), marcelo arantes rebellato (rms - rolling mills solutions)
Abstract:
The continuous slab casting process needs to comply with potentially incompatible demands: high productivity, lower costs, complex phase transformations during steel solidification and cooling, and semi-products with no defects. It is not always possible to match all these requirements intuitively, as the interactions between the various phenomena that occur during this process can be complicated and, eventually, contradictory. This was the motivation for the development of MacroSim, a digital tool based on Microsoft Excel, that analyzes operational data from the continuous casting machine and performs a process diagnosis from the point of view of slab quality and productivity. Among the analyzed parameters are the chemical composition of the steel, strand dimensions, casting speed, superheat, mold oscillation conditions, mold flux composition, secondary cooling water flow, among others. The variables that must be considered are simple and in a number that will not overburden the operational staff who must provide them. Some examples of MacroSim successful applications are described, where this tool identified the problems of the continuous casting process that were causing quality issues in the slabs.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): DEYSELANE DE FATIMA ANICIO (USINAS SIDERURGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS SA), fernando de souza costa (USINAS SIDERURGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS SA), marcus vinicius pereira arruda (USINAS SIDERURGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS SA)
Abstract:
The quality and performance of the GA coating is determined by its microstructure. The Fe-Zn phases that make up this coating have very distinct crystalline structures and physical properties. So, small changes in the system produce significant effects, ranging from malformation of the coating to its detachment. Therefore, the quantification of Fe-Zn phases is extremely important. In this work, the quantification of the phases present in a GA coating was carried out using X-ray diffraction data, from a TOPAS software. The results showed the robustness of the proposed method, obtaining satisfactory values of statistical indicators of refinement, as well as concentration of the phases in agreement with theoretical values expected for the coating. Hence, the application of this method will allow greater precision in the microstructural analysis of the GA layer, contributing to enhance the quality and performance of the coating through: optimization of the industrial processing cycles in hot dip galvanizing lines; improvements in the characterization and quantification of the Fe-Zn phases; and adjustments of the processing simulations on a laboratory scale.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Lucas Gonçalves Generoso (ArcelorMittal Tubarao)
Abstract:
The operatinal conditions of a blast furnace can affect the performance of the casthouse, leading to worsen efficiency and productivity. One factor linked to a good casthouse performance is the maintenance of the taphole length, generated by the taphole clay injection. The present work uses artificial intelligence techniques, Machine Learning, to develop an intelligent pattern of taphole clay injection. Specialists from ArcelorMittal Tubarão and Saint Gobbain used the supervised learning models, random forest regression type, to treat 46 operational parameters of Blast Furnace 1 in ArcelorMittal Tubarão, period between 2016 and 2019. An algorithm was generated to predict the subsequent taphole length with an accuracy of 57%. This model was validated in a new data set from the year 2020, proving its ability to predict the growth or wear behavior of taphole lenght. The new injection pattern was then subjected to the practical tests at tapholes 1 and 2 of AMT´s blast furnace 1. It is worth mentioning that the physical integrity of the tapholes was kept practically constant before and during the tests, beeing the wear index the main factor analyzed
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): leonardo de assis souza (companhia siderurgica do pecém)
Abstract:
In order to reduce the variability of the CaO content of the sinter, a comparative study of the deviations of the CaO content of the limestone piles was carried out using the Shell Cone stacking methods and the Chevron method. The piles formed were approximated in mass and two series of sampling were performed on the CFW scale belt of the limestone dosage in the Sinter. The first sampling series was with using the Shell Cone method and the second series with using the Chevron method. Each series was composed of 40 samples with the interval of 4 minutes. The results obtained showed that the standard deviation of the sampling using the chevron method was lower, bringing significant results for the stability of the sintering process. Keywords: Chevron stacking; Reduction of CaO variability.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): LuiZ GUSTAVO FRANCO AMARAL (ESSS - FLORIANOPOLIS), Henrique Dias Gatti Turrer (Anglo American), Marcos Estevão Assumpção (ANGLO AMERICAN), Luís Cláuzio de Rennó Machado (ANGLO AMERICAN)
Abstract:
Thickeners are equipment present in different areas of industrial processes in which solid-liquid separation is necessary. As an active principle of operation, the sedimentation process is used to separate the materials involved. This article involves optimizing the operation of a real, large separator used in the Brazilian mining industry. The study aims to reduce the amount of foam generated in the solid liquid separation, as well as the possibility of operational improvements. Based on the digital prototyping strategy, using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology, a discrete model of the equipment was created for forecasting, changing geometry and analyzing results. Commercial software Ansys CFX was used and the prototypes had significant improvements
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): PAULO LONGO (Yellow Solutions), Eduardo Duarte (Yara Brasil)
Abstract:
The present work aimed to analyze the performance of a Non-Nuclear Density Meter installed after the thickening in the process step that precedes the filtration of the fine concentrate. The instrument installation point is strategic because it will be responsible for the adequate density measurement, resulting in the calculation of the Solids Percentage that will compose the cake generated by the Filter Press. The digital signal emitted by the equipment is essential for automation and, therefore, to the operational autonomy of the filter press.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Aylanna Priscila Marques de Araujo (UFSCar), LEANDRO CÉSAR MICHELOTI (UFSCar), RODOLFO LISBOA BATALHA (UFSCar), SIMON PAULY ( INSTITUTE FOR COMPLEX MATERIALS, LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR SOLID STATE AND MATERIALS RESEARCH), CLAUDIO SHYINTI KIMINAMI (UFSCar), PITER GARGARELLA (UFSCar)
Abstract:
This work aimed to investigate the effect of the laser scan speed, overlapping, size of the sample and substrate temperature on the density, microstructure and hardness of the recycled quasicrystalline former alloy, rich in aluminium, of the Al95Fe2Cr2Ti1 composition, when processed by selective laser melting (SLM) technique. The relative density of the samples was measured by Archimedes principle and longitudinal sections were analyzed by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Vickers microhardness (HV). The relative density of the samples was not significantly changed with the tested process parameters. Higher laser speed resulted in a higher quasicrystalline phase fraction and also on a finer scale. The overlapping had more influence in the morphology of the melt pool for lower laser scan speed. The sample produced in large size and using substrate not heated presented superficial cracks visible to naked eyes. The heating of the substrate reduced the presence of the cracks at the sample’s surface. The sample built using higher laser speed resulted in higher microhardness and the bottom of the samples presented the highest hardness compared to the middle and top regions.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): PEDRO ENRIQUE MONFORTE BRANDAO MARQUES (UFRJ), José Roberto de Souza Júnior (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Adriana da Cunha Rocha (Universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro)
Abstract:
This work applies Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations for a better understanding of the particle bonding mechanism at an atomic level on Cold Spray processes (CS) in ferrous substrates. The particle potential energy variation analysis revealed that bonding mechanism in CS process can be associated to mainly two energy components: cohesive energy and adhesive energy. Depending on the process parameters (especially feedstock material choice), deposited particles could achieve a more stable condition than free particles. This might be an indicative of better adhesion between the particle and the substrate. For the simulation conditions, the study finds that aluminum particles are better suited to achieve more stability on ferrous substrates. Regarding the impact velocity, values around 1000 m/s (for copper particles) leads to more stability in ferrous substrate. Smaller particles of copper also achieved more stability on ferrous substrate.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): FLAVIA TEREZA DOS SANTOS FERNANDES TOLOMELLI (IME - INSTITUTO MILItar de engenharia), andersan dos santos paula (instituto militar de engenharia), fernando cosme rizzo assunção (puc-rj)
Abstract:
A comparative evaluation of two High Strength Low Alloy steels, regarding their ability for the quenching and partitioning (T&P) process, was performed. To carry out the study, the ThermoCalc program was used with a database in the TCFE9 version, which served as the basis for: determination of the composition of austenite in the intercritical field; determination of the equilibrium temperatures of phases that delimit the intercritical field (Ae1 and Ae3), and obtaining the precipitation maps of the referred alloys. With the aid of empirical equations, the onset temperatures of the bainitic and martensitic transformations (Bi and Mi) were determined, which were used as a basis for the performance of the one-stage quenching and partitioning heat treatments. The quenching heat treatments were carried out on a pilot scale in a muffle furnace with temperature monitoring and oil cooling. The ImageJ software was used for quantitative analysis of the alloys in order to have an estimate of the percentage of retained austenite present in the alloys (estimated as a function of the % of MA constituent). As a conclusion of the work, it was observed that alloy a, with additions of Mo-Ti-Nb-B (MA > 9%) compared to alloy b with additions of Cr-Mo-Nb-B (%MA < 8%) presented the higher values of total elongation indicating that this alloy has greater suitability for the T&P process.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Henrique Antonio Brum Passos (Usiminas), Julio Cezar da Silva Costa (Usiminas), cleyton de souza lima (usiminas), Silas Eduardo De Souza (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
A level 2 automation mathematic model simulator was developed for a cold tandem mill (TCM) at Usiminas in Ipatinga. This simulator is important to predict line equipments setup behavior, increasing the reliability for handle tests with new materials and improving process and products quality due to greater operational predictability. The system's philosophy was based on the domain-driven design methodology [1], focusing on creating a framework that can be used for the simulators development with metallurgical team support. Using the created framework, the specific simulator for the laminator was developed. The final system obtained is accessible from the internet browser of any computer on Usiminas internal network and has been validated by the technical experts of the process
Keynote Speaker
6/7/22, 11:55 AM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Fulvio Siciliano - metallurgist / senior consultant da Dynamic Systems Inc./Gleeble
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Franz Josef Irnich (Küttner), Martin Schwob (KÜTTNER)
Abstract:
The German company Kuttner TDCo has developed a bell-less system for Blast Furnaces. In total four of these systems have been installed at the blast furnaces at voestalpine/Austria between 2009 and 2014. After five years of operation the systems have proven their advantages in operational performance, durability and maintenance friendliness. The experiences gained during this operation period allowed voestalpine and Kuttner TDCo to implement further improvements at the design of equipment. These improvements have been implemented during repair and maintenance activities of the chutes in the Kuttner TDCo workshop in Germany.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): ricardo israel do couto (usiminas), ramires silva castro (usiminas), adriano fernandes teixeira (usiminas)
Abstract:
In 2019, during an operation of oven nº43 at coke plant nº3 at Usiminas Ipatinga, the hearth bricks were damaged. This fact interrupted the operation of this oven until the definition and implementation of the repair methodology. The early identification of problems and appropriate methodologies for repairs are constant challenges throughout the life of coke batteries. Thus, this article describes the general aspects of the equipment, the situation the oven, the repair methodology adopted for this problem and the results achieved. The developed methodology allowed the recovery of the refractory lining of the hearth using electrofused silica refractory bricks with the aid of ceramic welding. Since the implementation of this technique, it has been possible to minimize the risk of damage to the threshold. This benefit reflected in greater availability and operational safety of the coke oven at the Ipatinga industrial plant.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Alex Milton Albergaria Campos (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto)
Abstract:
Steel industry is one of the most important sectors for country's economy, its production supplies many consumer goods plants, in addition to being fundamental for infrastructure works. The tendency for steel production is increase, as well as consumption, and it cannot be different because many countries there is much to be done and steel will be fundamental. All this progress has been accompanied by the emission of a large amount of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, mainly by burning fossil fuels. The sector is responsible for about 7% of all CO2 emitted in the world, 69% comes from burning coal and coke in blast furnace. This is not a recent problem, since the world energy matrix is based on burning fossil fuels and the steel production route that was consolidated, due to the high productivity, was the blast furnace (72% of the production). Several agreements and meetings have been held around the world with the aim of mitigating and reducing CO2 emissions. European countries are one-step ahead, as their agreements are better established and goals are well defined, so that, most of works and researches in the area of steel production with reduced emissions comes from there. Researches shows that the main alternatives for low emission steel production are: use of biomass replacing fossil fuels (total or partial); steel production using scrap, via electric arc furnace; use of hydrogen to reduce iron ore (in PCI and DRI). Therefore, this work aims to show these three alternatives studied and applied in steel production in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, it intends to stimulate discussions about the future of steel production with emission restrictions, seeking mainly short and medium term solutions that maintain the competitiveness of steel mills.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): DANIELLA FERNANDES CARVALHO (ITPAC - PORTO)
Abstract:
Concrete is the most produced material in the world and can admit in its composition the addition of various types of waste. Addition of disposable glass in partial replacement of the washed sand in the concrete mass contributes to correct glass disposal. This study investigated the addition of residual glass to the concrete with percentages of 5% to 20%. The results show that the greater the addition of glass, the greater the influence on mechanical and technological properties. Additions 15% and 20% resulted in a strong loss of resistance to uniaxial compression, more favoring workability.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): FABIO DE OLIVEIRA BRAGA (Universidade Federal Fluminense), Paula Lage Agrize (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE), Beatriz Dantas Lourenço da Silva (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE), Camila Aparecida Abelha Rocha (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE)
Abstract:
The importance of surface treatments of natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLF) in the properties of composites is recognized, whether they aim to prepare the fiber to withstand the chemical environment of the matrix or to improve the characteristics of the fiber-matrix interface. Recently, some authors have reported good results in the coating of FNL by a lignin derivative, lignosulphonate (LS), which is a by-product from cellulose production. The research of LS as a modifying agent of FNL is still incipient, but it has shown promising results for composites. Therefore, the objective of the present work is to study the surface modification of piassava fibers when subjected to treatment with LS and sonication. The fibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and tensile tests. The results showed that LS is absorbed by the fiber and an increase in the average tensile strength occurs. On the other hand, no variation in fiber diameter and crystallinity was observed.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): FELIPE BELUCHE LIMA (SANDVIK MGS SA)
Abstract:
BRAZIL IS THE LARGEST PRODUCER OF CRUDE STEEL IN THE AMERICAS BY BOF PROCESS AND MANY CHALLENGES COME ALONG WITH THE INCREASING MARKET DEMAND. THE INSTALLATION OF CO-EXTRUDED COMPOSITE TUBES BROUGHT UP NEW AND POSITIVE PERSPECTIVE FOR THE BOF HOODS IN STEEL REFINING. IN ORDER TO RISES SAFETY AND PRODUCTIVITY, IT COULD BE OBSERVED AFTER VISUAL, ULTRASONIC AND LP TESTS THAT FUTURE PERFORMANCE OF ARCELORMITTAL-CST’S HOOD MAY POTENTIALLY BE EXTENDED DUE TO TUBE LOWER WALL THICKNESS LOSS AND ABSENCE OF CRACKS. BOTH REGIONS WHERE TUBES WERE INSTALLED REVEALED THAT THE MATERIAL SELECTION (ALLOY 690) AND ITS TUBE TECHNOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS VERSUS OVERLAY WELDED TUBE OVERCAME THE EXPECTATIONS AFTER 6 MONTHS UNDER OPERATION.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Philippe Mouls (ABB), Lidong Teng (ABB), Zaeim Mehraban (ABB)
Abstract:
Bottom skull formation is a common problem in electrical arc furnace for high alloy steel production, especially when a high percentage of FeCr is charged into the furnace together with short tap-to-tap time. Skull formation creates a number of process problems such as reduced furnace volume capacity, lower tapping weight hit ratio, lower steel yield. The formation mechanism of bottom skull in a 70-ton EBT furnace for tool and stainless steel production in SeAH’s steel plant in Changwon, Korea has been investigated. The effect of bottom gas stirring and electromagnetic stirring (EMS) on skull thickness reduction has been compared. The results show that EMS is a more efficient way to reduce skull formation in the furnace compared to gas stirring. The steel temperature in the bath is more homogeneous and target tapping temperature is controlled more accurately, which smooths downstream VOD operations. Short tap-to-tap time and consistent furnace operation also give increased productivity. The effect of EMS on electric energy and electrode consumption has also been discussed.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): fabiano almir barbosa (arcelormittal tubarão)
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): MARCOS DANIEL GOUVEIA FILHO (CIA SIDERURGICA DO PECEM)
Abstract:
At Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém (CSP), in mid-2021, the mark of implementation of the new refractory profile on the sole of continuous casting tundish was reached by more than 90%, called "raised bottom" with reference to YES® technology (Yield Enhancement System), which aims to reduce the amount of the remaining steel in tundish (tundish skull) at the end of the continuous casting process, equivalently replacing the remaining steel volume with refractory material, thus keeping the height of the final column of liquid steel over the strands unchanged, or that is, optimizing the final residual steel in the tundish while maintaining the same operational safety condition and process quality. In view of the implemented improvements, the need arises to revised the casting speed reduction curves for the emptying of steel in the tundish and closing or not of the strands, given of the sequence end or tundish exchange, in order to readjust the process to the development of the refractory profile of "raised bottom" to meet the new goal of the amout of remaining steel in the distributor (tundish skull) established in view of the proposed improvement.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Giulio Antunes de Medeiros (Companhia siderúrgica nacional), Hesron Willian de Oliveira (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL), Daniel Alexandre da Costa Ximenes (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
The growing demand for costs reduction in steel packaging applications requires the development of high strength packaging steels to meet these requirements, as well as computational resources that allow estimating the performance of a given product before sending it to the production line. The present study aims to analyze the effects of thickness reduction in packages produced from DR550 metal foil, in order to obtain comparative data for the construction of a computational model. For this purpose, samples of packages produced with thicknesses of 0.14 mm and 0.15 mm were submitted to axial compression tests. The computational model was obtained using the finite element method together with the results obtained in the experimental tests. Furthermore, using the constructed model, the axial compression test was simulated for packages produced from metal sheets with a thickness of 0.13 mm. The results obtained by finite elements were satisfactory, since the values were very close to those found in the experimental tests, including the area where most of the strain was concentrated. The achieved finite element model can be used to predict the future behavior of the application of a given specification or to predict the results of a possible thickness reduction proposal.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): DANIEL BASTOS MARTINS CRUZ (PAUL WURTH), Daniel Bastos Martins Cruz (TMT Tapping Measuring Technology), Oliver Dirlenbach (TMT Tapping Measuring Technology), Gunther F. Hildenbrand (TMT Tapping Measuring Technology), Jürgen Pithan (TMT Tapping Measuring Technology), Jörg Mrkwitschka (TMT Tapping Measuring Technology), Philip Dreßen (Bonnenberg & Drescher GmbH), Daniel Ostrzenski (TMT Tapping Measuring Technology), Volker Langer (TMT Tapping Measuring Technology)
Abstract:
Plant managers at blast furnaces are faced with the need of continuous increasing costs for safety, missing process predictability and missing process control causing production waist. This also involves the tapping and torpedo car loading process. Based on intense exchange with their customers TMT Tapping Measuring Technology, developed a torpedo car management system, allowing the end user to generate perfect process control on safety, time, predictability and documentation closing the digital gap between blast furnace and steel plant. Benefit is reported having an “assets profile” with strategic information about when the torpedo has been used the last time, how often and what is its condition. The software has the option to add functionalities at a later stage, depending on individual requirements. This is giving the manager a good tool for future use or the necessary information for planning maintenance. Based on this fact, a return on CAPEX investment is significantly attractive.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): SOLEDAD OREGGIONI (Instituto Argentino de Siderurgia), Santiago Margot (Ternium Argentina), Roberto Musante (Ternium Argentina), Pedro Etchevarne (Ternium Argentina)
Abstract:
The standard test of iron ores’ reducibility in the blast furnace (ISO 7215) considers only CO as a reductant. Nevertheless, all BFs have different ranges of hydrogen in the reducing gases, which vary according to the auxiliary fuels used. A non-standard test, including hydrogen in the reducing gases, was designed aiming to develop a simple test that considers the real conditions to which the raw material is exposed as a fundamental step in laboratory characterization to reduce the gap between Lab results and industrial data. The present paper shows results of different pellets and lump ore tests along with some industrial data obtained from Ternium Argentina BF2.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): NATHALIA LUIZA NASCIMENTO DE CARVALHO (GORCEIX), Jorge Lucas Bechir Carvalho (nexa resources), Adelson dias de Souza (NEXA RESOURCES), Carlos Antônio Mendes de oliveira (NEXA RESOURCES), Tiago Alvarenga Vitorino da Silva (NEXA RESOURCES), Pablo dos Santos Pina (NEXA RESOURCES)
Abstract:
Zinc is an indispensable metal in today's society. Nexa Resources is the only producer of this metal in the country. In the Vazante Unit, the ore expaded via underground mine is willemita. Flotation is the most used method for the processing of this mineral, being commonly used pre-sulfide with sodium sulfide followed by flotation with cationic collector. As there is no production of sodium sulfide in Brazil, there are higher costs with imports, in addition to the dependence of the market for not having a substitute. This article aimed to study the substitution of sodium sulfide through bench flotation tests. The reagents tested were the combination of sulfidrates with sodium hydroxide. The technological characterization concluded that the sample had 11.0% zinc content and had the typical mineralogical characteristics of Vazante (willemitic ore and dolomitic gangue). The flotation results showed that Sulfidrate 01 had similar performance to sodium sulfide, showing potential in substitution. Sulfidrate 02 and 03 were less selective than the sodium sulfide test, possibly due to the higher mass recover. It is concluded that sulfidrate can technically replace sodium sulfide.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): LETICIA MARIA DE MELO SILVA CHELONI (UNIVersidade FEDeral DE OURO PRETO ), leandro rodrigues de lima (UNIVersidade FEDeral DE OURO PRETO ), juscelino Mendes Prado (Universidade federal de ouro preto), Tatiana Barreto dos Santos (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
Iron ore is a prominent input in the Brazilian economy, with Minas Gerais having a relevant position in this scenario. This is justified by the geological structure of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Understanding the technological properties of minerals present in iron granules is of paramount importance. For this, one can make use of statistical techniques that facilitate the understanding of industrial processes. Currently, statistical techniques have a central role in the various fields of scientific research, in particular, multivariate techniques have been widely applied in various scientific investigations in the areas of mineral processing. Thus, this work aims to compare the technique of multivariate analysis of main components by specific software with bivariate analyzes using electronic spreadsheets. In this work it was possible to observe that the multivariate technique proved to be more efficient and effective, allowing a broader analysis with new interpretations for the analyzed data.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): marcelo dos anjos oliveira (estudante )
Abstract:
THE HADFIELD STEEL EXHIBITS HIGH ENROWING CAPACITY WHEN SUBMITTED TO EFFORTS. CONSTITUENT ELEMENT CONTENT MAY EXERCISE A RELEVANT ROLE UNDER THIS PHENOMENON. FOUR HADFIELD STEELS WITH DIFFERENT CARBON CONTENT WERE SUBMITTED TO THE PIN-DISC TEST USING SANDS WITH GRANAS # 220 AND # 320. FOR EACH COMPOSITION THREE 3.0 MM BODIES OF PROOF WERE SUBMITTED TO THE TEST UNDER A 4.6N LOAD AND 0.35MM / MIN SPEED. AND DISC ROTATION OF 66 RPM THROUGH A 16.95 M PATHWAY THE RESULTS OBTAINED THE TREND OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE CARBON CONTENT PRESENTING A RELATIONSHIP IN WHICH GREATER CONTENTS HAVE A LESS EFFECT OF WEARING, DIFFERENTLY DIFFERENT IN SUCH DIFFERENT DAMAGES. OF SIGNIFICANT ENCRUUATION, WHERE HARDNESS GAIN HAS BEEN OBSERVED IN STEELS WITH LOWER CARBON CONTENTS. HOWEVER, A SWING OF THE EFFECT IN ABRASIVE # 320 WAS PRESENTED. THE MICROGRAPHS REVEALED MICROSSULCES FROM THE TEST AND DIFFERENCES WERE NOT OBSERVED IN THE WEAR BRANDS WHEN DIFFERENT SIZES OF ABRASIVE PARTICLE ARE USED.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): FLAVIA TEREZA DOS SANTOS FERNANDES TOLOMELLI (companhia siderúrgica nacional-csn), VINICIUS SANTIAGO FERNANDES (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL - CSN), fernando paulucio quinelato (companhia siderúrgica nacional), edgar estevão de carvalho (companhia siderúrgica nacional-csn), fernando cosme rizzo assunção (puc-rj), renan de melo correia lima (puc-rj), francisco de assis diniz cotrim (ufrj), fabio de oliveria araújo (companhia siderúrgica nacional-csn), RANIEIRI CORREA SALAZAR (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
A low carbon steel alloy with Cr, Mo, Nb and B additions was subjected to various heat treatments on a pilot scale, in a muffle furnace, to obtain a multiphase steel with strength above 1200 MPa. The heat treatments consisted of heating cycles, soaking in an intercritical field and cooling to obtain the multiphase microstructure. The techniques of optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, folding test, tensile test and hole expansion test were used to evaluate the product performance. Then, tests were carried out on an industrial scale, on a hot dip galvanizing line, of the horizontal type, with an annealing furnace coupled, where the results obtained on a pilot scale were reproduced. The results obtained (resistance limit above 1200 MPa, yield limit above 800 MPa and elongation of the order of 10%) suggest that the product can be used in parts that require high anti-intrusion properties in the automotive and auto segments
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 12:20 PM - 6/7/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): CESAR NETO DE NERY ABREU (VSB - VALLOUREC SOLUÇÕES TUBULARES DO BRASIL)
Abstract:
The information of temperature and carbon during refining phase of the electric arc furnace is key for steelmaking process control. Immediate values from these variables are obtained by direct measurement with an immersed sensor on the bath that is disposed after use. The proposed model predicts the results of temperature and carbon by the variables of process state. There were gains on the reduction on the frequency of direct measurement and occurrence of production stoppages for adjustment of temperature of the electric arc furnace with direct impact on the operational cost and on a lower exposure of security risks of the sampling operation.
Opening Ceremony
6/7/22, 2:00 PM - 6/7/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Horacidio Leal Barbosa Filho - Executive President of ABM Marcos Eduardo Faraco Wahrhaftig - Vice President of Gerdau Aços Brazil; General Coordinator of the 6th ABM WEEK
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): romildo gomes dos santos (vale), Renán Collantes Candia (ufmg), leandro.azevedo.silva@vale.com (vale)
Abstract:
After the rupture of an iron ore tailings dam, a large forest area was affected with the mud affecting the entire ecosystem of the region. The need arose to dispose of all this mud somewhere and recover the entire degraded area. The quickest and safest way to solve this problem was to use a paralyzed pit with 40 meters of water depth to dispose of this tailing with a volume of approximately 11Mm³ with low environmental damage and risk of accidents. One of the conditions for using the pit to dispose of the tailings would be geotechnical monitoring to monitor the stability of the structure and safeguard the operators who will access the interior of the pit. The conditions for carrying out this work have the main role of monitoring / studying the stability of the pit. Due to the disruption, the pit was approximately one year without geotechnical monitoring and inspection, returning to activities at the beginning of 2020. For monitoring purposes, orbital radar, terrestrial radar, topographic survey and bathymetry were used in addition to monitoring the routine inspections. In the stability analyzes, the different scenarios were considered before the start of the disposal due to the variation in the water level and an increase in tailings at the bottom of the pit. Even so, subsidies were obtained during this monitoring period to verify that the pit is in favorable conditions for the disposal activities in the pit. The results of the stability analyzes were satisfactory, new analyzes will be carried out as the disposition work progresses. The estimated time for waste disposal work is approximately 5 years. Therefore, this monitoring and analysis work will be updated during the disposal time.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Andre Itman Filho (IFES), Silvio Lacerda de Carvalho (Arcelormittal), Raphael Mariano de Souza (ifes), Júlia Chagas Lessa da Silva (ifes), Pedro Gabriel Bonella de Oliveira (eesc-usp), Andre Itman Filho (ifes)
Abstract:
Structural steels are the most used in civil construction due to toughness, microstructural homogeneity, good weldability and ductility, in addition to the relatively low cost compared to microalloys one. Steels such as ASTM A36 are used in buildings, bridges, machinery, ships and different components. In these steels the chemical composition is restricted to carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus. Nowadays, the reduction of sulfur content is an important objective to increase toughness and improve mechanical properties. In this research, to evaluate the effect of sulfur, ASTM A36 steel coils with different levels of this element were selected. Samples were taken from the coils for hardness measurements. Later they are made specimens to be subjected to tensile tests, in longitudinal and transversal lamination directions. The microstructure of one of these samples was characterized to compare with a commercial ASTM A36 steel. To determine the variation in the amount of sulfides in relation to the sulfur content, thermodynamic simulation with the FactSage software was used. The results show that the variation in the sulfur content did not influence the mechanical strength, although with the sulfur increase there is a slight reduction in the elongation values.
Technical Programming
SIMULATION OF MOLYBDENUM EFFECT ON THE CARBIDES PRECIPITATION IN A MICROALLOYED STEEL
Presenter(s): Andre Itman Filho (ifes), julia Chagas Lessa da Silva (ifes), Pedro Gabriel Bonella de Oliveira (eesc-usp), Raphael Mariano de Souza (ifes), Andre Itman Filho (ifes)
Abstract:
Microalloyed steels containing small amounts of carbide-forming elements such as molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, and titanium. The effectiveness of carbides depends on the size and precipitated volumetric fraction and is responsible for improving the mechanical strength by grain refining and precipitation hardening. To determine the quantity and different carbides, software such as FactSage is often used, which is integrated to the thermodynamic information of liquid and solid metallic solutions, oxides, nitrides and carbides. The FactSage allows to evaluate the quantity of precipitated carbides on cooling or heating during the wrought process. In this context, it is important to emphasize the importance of molybdenum in the phase transformation and carbides precipitation at different temperatures. Then, the objective of this research was to simulate the effect of molybdenum considering the contents of 0.09; 0.12, and 0.15% of this element in a microalloyed steel, with defined chemical composition. The simulation, was performed with the FactSage and varying the temperature from 300 to 1400 ºC. The results show that M23C6 carbides are more stable than MoC and M7C3, in addition, they are the main responsible for secondary hardening. However, after coalescence, the predominant phase is cementite, which remains stable until the start of austenitization.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Ricardo Abrahão Júnior (UFOP - Escola de Minas)
Abstract:
The duplex stainless steel UNS S32205 was cold rolled and annealed at 900 °C, 1000 °C and 1100 °C, during 180 s, aiming the grain refining. The objective of the work is to evaluate the influence of thermomechanical treatment on microstructural evolution, phase distribution, mechanical and corrosion resistance. For this, microstructural analyzes were performed using optical microscopy (MO), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical and passive properties were measured by tensile tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique, respectively. The sample as supplied showed low strength and high ductility, and less resistance to corrosion when compared to the annealed samples. After cold rolling, a decrease in passive properties and possible formation of strain-induced martensite (SIM) is observed. Annealing at 900 °C resulted in sigma phase precipitation, decreasing the ductility of the sample. No significant changes were observed in the charge transfer resistance of the annealed samples.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): CAROLINA ALENCAR CALDEIRA DE SOUZA (IME - INSTITUTO MILItar de engenharia), Talita Gama de Sousa (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Alaelson Vieira GomeS (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), André Luiz Jardini (Universidade estadual de campinas), Eduardo Netto de Souza (Villares Metals S.A.), Luiz Paulo Mendonca Brandao (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Selective Laser Melting is an additive manufacturing process (AM) in which the selective fusion of a powder bed is carried out, this powder being often imported and predetermined by the manufacturers of the equipment used. This work aimed to produce parts by MA from maraging 300 steel powders produced nationally through gas atomization. Analyzes by SEM and XRD of the powder and a visual evaluation of the integrity of the parts produced by AM were carried out. It was possible to obtain powder samples with particles of spherical and irregular morphology with sizes from 5 to 80 µm. There was a visual integrity of the pieces produced by AM and the process took place without interruptions. It was concluded that the particle size was in agreement with the literature and, according to the results of the AM process, there is evidence that the parameters and powder used were adequate for the process.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): DANILO ABILIO CORREA GONCALVES (IME), Naiara vieira le sénéchal (ime), Edilainea Alves de Oliveira Melo (ime), Isaque Alan de Brito Moura (ime), Gabriel Onofre do Nascimento (ime), Karymme Mayara Barbosa de Oliveira (ime), Rebeca Vieira de Oliveira (ime), Eduardo Hoisler Sallet (ime), Ygor Pereira de Lima (ime), andersan dos santos paula (ime)
Abstract:
NiTi alloys are well known for their functional properties, such as shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE). However, there is a great difficulty in producing intelligent devices through traditional thermomechanical processing routes. In this sense, advanced processes involving additive manufacturing (AM) and powder metallurgy have been improved to solve this problem, among which, the selective laser melting (SLM). Elementary powders of Ni (oxyreduction) and Ti (hydration-dehydration), of high purity, were used for in-situ production of the NiTi alloy by SLM, using laser power of 125 and 150 W and energy density of 25, 35 and 40 J/mm3. The characterization of the manufactured parts was carried out by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy using a backscattered electron detector and semiquantitative chemical analysis by energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. It was observed that the energy density is inversely proportional to the occurrence of pores and cracks. The combination of 125 W - 40 J/mm3 parameters presented the most promising results among the analyzed conditions.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Francisco maciel de brito neto (usp), Vera lucia arantes (usp)
Abstract:
According to ASTM, additive manufacturing is defined as a process of joining materials capable of producing objects from a 3D model in which layer-by-layer deposition occurs. This process is revolutionizing the manufacturing industry due to its ability to obtain almost finished products in a short time with almost no material waste. In this work, the WAAM - Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing process is being used, which is based on the fundamental concepts of the automated welding process, such as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). The synthesis of the material used a gas flow of 15 L/min with a composition of 97.5%v Ar and 2.5%v CO2 and 316L stainless steel wires with a diameter of 1.2mm that are deposited layer by layer and a solution with Al2O3 and isopropyl alcohol was also prepared, which was applied with the help of a brush between the deposited layers. Welding tests were carried out with different voltage values, welding speed and wire speed and thus defined those that produced a weld bead with the best visual aspect, which were the following parameters: voltage of 21V, wire speed of 11.6 cm/s and welding speed of 900mm/s and 1200mm/s. With these values, the best deposition strategy for the manufacture of the product was defined. The following tests were carried out: tensile strength tests according to ASTM E8 in different directions to evaluate anisotropy, hardness tests, X-ray diffractometry in the different weld layers and in the cross sections to analyze the phase distribution and the crystallographic texture generated in the process and a microstructural analysis was also performed with SEM images and optical microscopy.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Naiara VIEIRA Le Sénéchal (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Danilo Abílio Corrêa Gonçalves (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), ygor pereira lima (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), EDuardo hoisler sallet (exército brasileiro), Edilainea Alves de Oliveira Melo (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Silvelene Alessandra Silva Dyer (Instituto de Estudos Avançados ), rafael humberto mota siqueira (Instituto de Estudos Avançados ), Milton Sergio Fernandes Lima (INSTITUTO DE ESTUDOS AVANÇADOS ), rodolfo da silva teixeira (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), andersan dos santos paula (Instituto Militar de Engenharia)
Abstract:
The aim of the present study is to observe the microstructural modifications in green bodies pressed by mechanical alloying (MA) with Ni elemental powders obtained by oxidation-reduction and Ti HDH (hydrated-dehydride), through the reactive sintering process using a Yb:Fiber laser source. The processing was done using a Yb fiber laser with 2 mm in diameter, in order to evaluate the reaction exothermicity and the laser-powder interaction. It was observed the parameter modifications effect such as power (40 to 200 W) and laser scan speed (4 to 6 mm/s) on the structural changes of the samples, inquiring the occurrence of ignition for reactive sintering and the level at which it occurred in the extent of the thickness of the sample. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to observe the sintered bodies in regions that comprises the beginning and end of the laser scan, it was verified the presence of three distinct regions: the beginning of the scan, showing only the punctual action of the laser; an intermediate transition segment, which sets the ignition of reactive sintering; and the final region, characterized by the effect of energy propagation.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Bernard Reznik (Instituto militar de engenharia), Gustavo Gullit Leal Magalhães (Instituto Militar de engenharia), Lucas Vinicius Silveira de Lima (Instituto Militar de engenharia), Matheus Domingos Ferreira da Silva (Instituto militar de engenharia), Antônio de Souza Gomes Pereira (Instituto militar de engenharia), Pedro Henrique Monteiro Tavares (Instituto militar de engenharia), Edilainea Alves Oliveira Melo (Instituto militar de engenharia), Naiara Vieira Le Sénéchal (Instituto militar de engenharia), Rodolfo da Silva Teixeira (Instituto militar de engenharia), Andersan dos santos paula (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The present study evaluated the initial stages of conventional sintering alloys, oxidizing atmosphere, based on Ti-Nb system with 8.34 and 25.57%at.Nb, using Ti and Nb elementary powders from the hydration-dehydration (HDH) process, which involves a lower cost process and raw materials for the production of these alloys. The evaluation of theoretical and experimental densities (Archimedes Principle) highlighted important characteristics about the initial mixture of Ti and Nb powders with different particle sizes, corroborating with the results obtained from the Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-Ray Diffraction analyzes - by the initial formation of the TiNb intermetallic between the Ti and Nb particles associated with some oxides and suboxides.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Ana Carolina Accioly Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Gabriel Ribeiro Barbosa (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Wagner Antonio Loureiro Lima Krepke (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), Gabriel Onofre do Nascimento (Instituto militar de engenharia), Mônica Aline Magalhães Gurgel (Instituto militar de engenharia), Marcelo Henrique Prado da Silva (Instituto Militar de engenharia), Andersan dos Santos Paula (Instituto Militar de Engenharia)
Abstract:
In the present work, the instrumented ultramicrohardness test that explores certain mechanical properties was explored, to assess whether there are changes made due to the change in the microstructure of steel. The conditions analyzed were as a premium for Hot Rolling (HR) and Cold Rolling (BFH), as well as Intercritical Continuous Annealing (BFF) in the industrial production of “Dual Phase” (DP) or biphasic steel. Among these differences, the phases are one of the main changes in the microstructure, as in Hot and Cold Rolled conditions they have free ferrite and second phase (main constituents are divided into perlite, bainite and some tiny fraction of martensite-austenite constituent - MA), but differ of the free ferrite without deformation in the HR condition, whereas in the BFH condition, the ferrite, be it free ferrite, ferrite contained in the pearlite or ferrite contained in the bainite, is hardened. In the condition of Continuous Intercritical Annealing, it presents free ferrite (both with hard-grained and recrystallized grains in a larger fraction) and the second phase (main constituent MA), characterizing the microstructural aspect of a DP steel. Thus, because BFH has a very large concentration of hardened ferrite, it is to be expected that its hardness, mechanical strength and yield limit is greater than that of BFF and HRC. With the results of the instrumented ultramicrohardness tests, it can be seen that BFH had greater Vickers, DHV-1, DHV-2 and Hit hardness, confirming that it has greater hardness, mechanical resistance and yield limit. And yet, after analyzing the results obtained in each mechanical property, the identification module is shown to be the most sensitive, with the elastic ratio being the least affected among the three changes studied. Therefore, the tests proved that the ultramicrodurometer is a tool with the ability to present an acceptable prognosis to determine the mechanical properties for such steels.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): RODRIGO MAGNABOSCO (FEI university)
Abstract:
This work aims to study the influence of deformation temperature and strain applied on the Reverse Strain Induced Martensite Transformation (RSIMT) of ferrite into austenite in a superduplex stainless steel. It was found that increasing applied plastic strain leads to reduction of the ferrite content without formation of other phases than austenite, which corroborates the RSIMT hypothesis. However, the cryogenic rolling temperature did not affect the phase transformation, which occurred in the same manner as the rolling at ambient temperature.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): RODRIGO MAGNABOSCO (FEI university)
Abstract:
This work evaluated the grain growth kinetics in a UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel (DSS) during solution heat treatment. DSS sheet was cold rolled to a 50% thickness reduction, and after that, three series of samples were subjected to solution treatment at 1050 °C, 1100 °C or 1150 °C in times up to 96 h. Both grain size and surface areas between phases (Sv) were determined. Mean intercept length measurements showed differences between ferrite and austenite in respect to the grain growth kinetics and grain morphology, and Sv measurements have shown that the surface area diminishes with the increase of the solution heat treatment temperature and/or duration. Ferrite is the phase that commands the global grain growth, since ferrite grain growth has the highest activation energy (77.8 kJ/mol) when compared to the activation energy for grain growth of austenite (55.4 kJ/mol).
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): THUANY ESPIRITO SANTO DE LIMA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), Jonas Alexandre (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), Markssuel teixeira marvila (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), euzébio bernabé zanelato (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), Sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Structural masonry is one of the most constructive alternatives employed in Brazil. In this system, the wall, which is formed by blocks joined with mortar, acts as structure function. For such construction process, the mortar bedding type can be decisive in the production and the yield of the work. Two types are recommended, full bedding, covering net área for unit and face sheel bedding, where the mortar is placed only in the face shell area of the block. This work aims to evaluate the effect of the mortar bedding type on concrete masonry prisms, observing the compressive strengths and their respective rupture modes. It is concluded that the face shell bedding presents less compressive strength than the full bedding and rupture by separation of the block, while the other type has rupture by combined.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): THUANY ESPIRITO SANTO DE LIMA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), KEtlynn passos alvarenga (Universidade candido mendes), laura de souza rangel (universidade candido mendes), afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (universidade estadual do norte fluminense), markssuel teixeira marvila (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), euzébio bernabé zanelato (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The Campos dos Goytacazes’ city where this studies was realized has the sugarcane production as a shocking factor on your growth and your economy. The present study has as objective the comparation between the conventional concrete and a concrete with a partial replacement of the Porland cement by the sugarcane bagasse ash. In the unities of 20% and 40%, aiming proporcionate a vailable substitute to the Portland cement why it apresentates in your production the generation of environmental impacts by the
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): THUANY ESPIRITO SANTO DE LIMA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), ketlynn passos alvarenga (universidade candido mendes), laura de souza rangel (universidade candido mendes), afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (universidade estadual do norte fluminense), markssuel teixeira marvila (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), euzébio bernabé zanelato (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The Campos dos Goytacazes’ city, in interior of Rio de Janeiro state, where this studies was realized has the sugarcane production as a shocking factor on your growth and your economy. The present study has as objective the comparation between the conventional concrete and a concrete with a partial replacement of the Porland cement by the sugarcane bagasse ash. In the unities of 20% and 40%, aiming proporcionate a vailable substitute to the Portland cement why it apresentates in your production the generation of environmental impacts by the
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): THUANY ESPIRITO SANTO DE LIMA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), ketlynn passos alvarenga (universidade candido mendes), laura de souza alvarenga (universidade candido mendes), afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), markssuel teixeira marvila (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), euzébio bernabé zanelato (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The industrial process produces by-products over the life cycle. The sugar cane’s production presents itself as a economically important factor, in Brazil, since the XVIII century where the southeast region bring the follow by-products: straw ash, wet bagasse that generates energy, sugar, alcohol and sugar cane bagasse ash. In the civil construction – section responsable by large cemente consumption – the necessity of alternatives technologies have been grown over the years because changing in the way of thinking by the population. In the recycle sphere, researches has been realized in order to recycle by-products increasing your life cycle, reducing the costs of ejecting residues and achiving zero waste. This article treats of bibliographic review about the sugar cane bagasse ash utilization in concrete production. This review was realized from published stories in Brasil and in the world with the objective of bringing the information, caractheristic and properties of this concrete. As a result of this study there is a conclusion that the sugar cane bagasse ash utilization presents benefitis when classified as pozzolana possibiliting your utilization in substitution to structural and not structural finality.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): THUANY ESPIRITO SANTO DE LIMA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), Felipe martins chagas (universidade candido mendes), afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), Markssuel teixeira marvila (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), euzébio bernabé zanelato (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL NORTE FLUMINENSE), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
It is essential to promote the development of the construction industry in a sustainable manner, prioritizing the rational consumption of inputs in the form of aggregates. Therefore, the use of industrialized mortars with the potential to reduce the generation of solid waste and prevent the loss of raw materials stands out. This article studies and compares the logistical and physical chemistry characteristics between conventional and industrialized settlement mortars. The parameters of transport, storage, preparation site and dosage of the material used were evaluated. In addition, the results obtained in the literature for tests on both types of mortar in the fresh and hardened state were evaluated, with an emphasis on the tests of flexural tensile strength and compression strength. Through this analysis it was possible to understand that industrialized mortar is capable of reducing losses, reducing costs and improving quality control, once it is dosed in the factory and made available in single bags. As for the physical aspects, both mortars are considered viable respecting the parameters of each field work.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Almiro Gonçalves dos Santos Junior (redentor), Igor de Sá Pimenta (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Niander aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
The Construction industry in the world has sought to build more efficient systems in order to increase productivity, reduce waste and meet a growing demand, embedding itself in this frame steel structures. Through the presentation of concepts, advantages and disadvantages, we will study the technical and economic feasibility of a commercial structure in the steel at Faculdade Redentor, Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro, comparing with the conventional building system, reinforced concrete cast. To do so will produce a budget structure of a steel building compared to a building with reinforced concrete. After the presentation of data will be discussed the costs of these structures, taking into account the benefits of each enterprise for the purpose of verifying that a building in the metal structure is viable or not. In this project there is also the use of structural steel is feasible technically and economically, due to the advantages offered by this construction material.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): William Todendi Dutra (Unisinos)
Abstract:
Semiconductor companies, after carrying out their encapsulated chip manufacturing process, generate solid waste. Some of these residues are predominantly composed of high purity silicon free from contaminants. The objective of this work was the physical, chemical and mineralogical characterization of the solid residue from the backside grinding of electronic grade wafers, through analyzes such as laser particle size, X-ray diffraction, FTIR-ATR and SEM-EDS. The majority presence of Si was identified, together with SiC (from the abrasives) and SiO2 (due to the surface oxidation of silicon during the process), in an average particle size of 7.98 ± 4.12 µm. From the data, potential uses of silicon as a co-product for other industries were identified, highlighting the applications in thermoelectric materials, hydrogen production and the use in the development of lithium-ion batteries.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (UENF), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (UENF), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (UENF), Jonas Alexandre (UENF), Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira (UENF), Victor Souza (UNIREDENTOR), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (UNIREDENTOR), Thuany Espirito Santo de Lima (ucam), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Tulane Rodrigues da Silva (UENF), Luís Urbano Durlo Tambara Júnior (UENF)
Abstract:
Port activities generate huge amounts of waste of different types and shapes. One of the most common port activities is the export of iron ore, this is verified in the municipality of São João da Barra - RJ which has a port that exports this material from Minas Gerais, which arrives in a saving format and after the process of filtration, is shipped to its destination. Therefore, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of the addition of the waste resulting from the filtration process on the properties of the fresh state of mortars. Proportions of 0, 25, 50 and 100% of the waste were incorporated into the sand mass for consistency assessment, incorporated air content and water retention. The results showed that the addition of the waste caused an improvement in the properties in proportions of up to 50%, and in values above some properties are below the indicated values
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf), Jonas Alexandre (uenf), Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira (uenf), Victor Souza (uniredentor), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (uniredentor), Thuany Espirito Santo de Lima (ucam), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Leandro Barbosa de Oliveira (UENF)
Abstract:
Ports generate considerable amounts of waste, which vary according to their main activity. The municipality of São João da Barra - RJ has a modern port that is responsible for the export of iron ore, which reaches the format of savings, where it is benefited for later export. Therefore, the objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of the addition of the waste resulting from the filtering process on the properties of the hardened state of mortars. The waste was incorporated into the sand mass, in the proportions of 0, 25, 50 and 100% for the evaluation of water absorption by capillarity, mass density in the hardened state and mechanical resistance to flexion and compression. The results showed that the addition of the waste caused an improvement in all properties of mixtures of 25%, which can be used in some cases up to 50%, and in higher percentages the use is advised against.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (uenf), Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira (uenf), Victor Souza (uniredentor), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (UNIREDENTOR), Thuany Espirito Santo de Lima (ucam), Daiane Cecchin (uff), sergio neves monteiro (ime), Luís Urbano Durlo Tambara Júnior (UENF)
Abstract:
The development of new building materials in general takes into account only technological factors, such as mechanical strength and applicability, but factors related to the durability of these materials are still little explored. The exposure of the new materials to aggressive environments, such as coastal locations and the interference of bad weather, impairs the stability and use of the materials. The objective of this work was to evaluate the durability of mortars incorporated with the waste of the iron ore port activity, under the condition of exposure to salt fog and wetting and drying cycles. For this, the prismatic specimens were subjected to exposure to the simulated saline environment and in standardized wetting and drying cycles. The results showed that the incorporation of port waste reduced the deleterious effect of exposure environments on mortars, enabling its application in civil construction
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira (uenf), Victor Souza (uniredentor), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (uniredentor), Thuany Espirito Santo de Lima (ucam), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Tulane Rodrigues da Silva (UENF)
Abstract:
The use of natural fibers in cementitious materials has been gaining ground in recent years thanks to studies related to its surface treatment, which guarantee durability to new materials, in addition to the issue related to the large amounts of fibers that Brazil produces, such as coconut, which are discarded in landfills and dumps. Therefore, the objective of this work was the development of an ecological mortar with the addition of coconut fiber treated in NaOH solution in different proportions (2, 4 and 6%) in relation to the cement mass. The properties of these mortars were evaluated, such as their consistency, incorporated air content, water retention and mechanical resistance (compression and flexion) according to Brazilian technical standards. The results showed the addition of fiber improves technological properties, such as strength, with percentages of 2% being the most recommended for civil construction applications
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Aloísio Costa Vieira Júnior (uenf), Paula Souza Ferreirar (redentor), Victor Barbosa de Souzar (REDENTOR), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Cristiano Pena Miller (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf)
Abstract:
In order to seek more sustainable alternatives in civil construction, both in the structures as a whole and in the existing building materials, with regard to the durability and quality of its components, this article describes the production of soil-cement blocks manufactured with dam soil of tailings with addition of sisal evaluating the mechanical resistance and water absorption of the evaluated blocks. The addition of sisal, a natural fiber, to the block also favors preservation of the environment since it is included in the list of alternative materials. Through laboratory tests proposed in NBR 6457 (2016) - "Preparation for compaction tests and characterization tests", the composition of the soil used was characterized and the mechanical resistance and water absorption of the block made with sisal is proven to be suitable for its application for construction of buildings for civil construction. Thus, it was concluded that this block is suitable for use in civil construction, being a more sustainable product when compared to the conventional soil-cement block.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Ana Carolina Accioly Monteiro (IME), Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento (IME), Sergio Neves Monteiro (IME), Michelle Souza Oliveira (IME)
Abstract:
In this work, the use of Natural Lignocellulosic Fibers in polymeric composites for application in ballistic systems is discussed. These fibers, with the aid of techniques that improve their mechanical properties, such as reinforcement architectures and treatments that increase the adhesion to the fiber-matrix interface, are viable options for ballistic protections and have satisfactory results in this field of study. The characterization of natural sisal fiber was made from x-ray diffraction, allowing the calculation of parameters such as the microfibrillar angle and the crystallinity index, which are important values for the direction of the mechanical functioning of these fibers. For fiber and sisal tissue, the microfibrillar angle was 7.68º and 6.89º, respectively, and a crystallinity index of 40.44% for the tissue. We also analyzed the appearance of a peak not commonly found in the amorphous region of the sisal XRD, in the 12.5º region of the diffractogram.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): ANDRE BEN-HUR DA SILVA FIGUEIREDO (IME MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
The ballistic resistance and microwave absorption of a composite of aramid fabric impregnated with polyethylene glycol and hematite nanoparticles was investigated for different hematite concentrations between 0 and 17 wt%. Different damage and energy absorbing mechanisms during ballistic impact were identified: cone formation on the back face of the target, tensile failure of primary yarns and deformation of secondary yarns. In terms of energy absorption, the best results were achieved with 7 wt% hematite, while the smallest depth of penetration (DOP) was observed for a composite with 9 wt% hematite. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the composite with 7% hematite after the ballistic test showed that the main energy absorption mechanism was deformation of secondary yarns. The microwave absorption was measured using the waveguide technique in the frequency range from 8 to 12 GHz. The results showed that the dielectric loss ɛ”/ɛ’ is maximum for a concentration of 3% hematite, while the magnetic loss µ”/µ’ is maximum for a concentration of 11 wt% hematite. A reasonable compromise between ballistic resistance and microwave absorption seems to be a composite with 7 wt% hematite.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): ANDRE BEN-HUR DA SILVA FIGUEIREDO (IME MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
The energy absorption of alumina-epoxy composites with 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90% wt% alumina in ballistic tests was investigated. The tests were carried out at subsonic speed using a compressed air rifle. The results showed that the composite with 30% alumina yields the best results. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of this composite showed intragranular and intergranular fracture, suggesting a high adhesion between alumina and epoxy.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Andressa Teixeira Souza (IME )
Abstract:
The Caranan plant (Mauritiella Armata), unknown to the literature in terms of engineering, had its fibers investigated from this work. This study presents systematic results on the structural characterization of the Caranã fiber. These natural lignocellulosic fibers (FNLs) were subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests and in addition one hundred fibers were evaluated to verify their diameter and density.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Andressa Teixeira Souza (IME )
Abstract:
Different ranges of diameters of the Caranã fiber (Mauritiella Armata) were investigated to discover how the relationship between them influences the mechanical properties of traction. For the first time in the literature, this information was studied according to the ASTM D2101 standard, applying Weibull's static analysis that determined the characteristics and reliability trends of the tensile test of this natural lignocellulosic fiber (NFL). The results indicated that the highest tensile strength was obtained for the finer fibers.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): ANDREZA MENEZES LIMA (IME - Instituto MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Anthony Garotinho Barros Assed Matheus de Oliveira (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Arthur Camposo Pereira (IME - INstituto MIlitar de Engenharia), Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes (ime - instituto militar de engenharia), Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro (ime - instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The access to drinking water, which according to the United Nations (UN), is an essential human right, unfortunately is not a reality for everyone. Graphene membranes can be allied in this process, being used for nano-filtration of water; the study of this material is the objective of this work. Reduced graphene oxide membranes were produced using the spray coating method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, permeability and desalination analysis techniques. It was observed that the technique was able to produce continuous and uniform graphene membranes, the rejection capacity was considered below the desired for Na2SO4 and NaCl, which indicates that other salts, should be evaluated.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Anthony Garotinho barros assed matheus de oli (Instituto militar de engenharia), Andreza Menezes Lima (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Roberto Bentes de Carvalho (Pontifícia Universidade Católica ), Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Water scarcity is an ancient and growing problem for humanity. Until this moment the, most promising technological solution has been the use of polymeric membranes; however, this technology seems to be close to the limit, alternative materials such as graphene and its derivatives have been studied to compose the next generations of membranes. Thus, this work aims at the synthesis of a lamellar reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membrane, as well as to evaluate its potential use and present challenges.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Ariana Silva Azeredo Cruz (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), José Alexandre Tostes Linhares Júnior (uenf), Lucas Reis Cruz (uenf), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Jonas Alexandre (uenf), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
The Ceramist industry is responsible for the inappropriate disposal of millions of tons of waste, resulting from failures in its production process, in the environment. In order to seek an alternative use of this material, aiming to reduce the environmental impact of ceramic production, this work aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility of using residual ashes from ceramic industries in mortars, as a partial replacement of Portland Cement. For this, three mortars were made in the mix 1: 1: 6 (cement: hydrated lime: sand), the first used as a reference, without the presence of residue, and finally, mortars using 5 and 10% of residual ash from ceramic production , respectively. The mortars were subjected to the tests of Consistency Index, Water Retention and Mass Density and Incorporated Air Content, by which it was found that the presence of the residue contributes to the increase in the water retention of the mortar, as well as to the increase of density and the decrease in the air content incorporated into it. Furthermore, it does not represent damage to consistency, although it does not promote significant improvement of this characteristic. It was therefore possible to conclude that the use of residual ash from ceramic production as a partial replacement for Portland cement in mortars does not harm the physical properties of the mortar in its fresh state.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Arquimedes lopes nunes filho (Instituto militar de engenharia - ime), Arquimedes lopes nunes filho (instituto militar de engenharia), Antônio Augusto Martins Pereira Júnior (instituto militar de engenharia - ime), DAYSIANNE KESSY MENDES ISIDORIO (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - ime), sergio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia - ime), Wesley oliveira da silva (instituto militar de engenharia), VALDIR FLOÊNCIO DA VEIGA JÚNIOR (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Wagner Anacleto pinheiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
With the advent of nanotechnology, the importance of studying and developing new nanostructured materials and their combinations is evident. Graphene is currently the focus of several technologies due to its excellent properties, which enable its use in several applications, be they supercapacitors, biomaterials, antibacterial materials, solar cells, batteries, etc. As it is a material of amphiphilic character, its combination with other nanomaterials provides new attributes, as well as the achievement of desired properties. Ferrites, as well as copper ferrite, have ferrimagnetic properties, storage, antimicrobial, biocompatible in addition beging a ecofriendly low impact on the environment, being ideal candidates for evaluation and enduring synergistically with graphene. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate, by FTIR, a copper ferrite nanocomposite based on reduced graphene oxide. In this study, it is possible to observe the presence of both copper and iron, as well as the confirmation of the reduction of graphene oxide.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Arquimedes lopes nunes filho - ime (Instituto militar de engenharia), Arquimedes lopes nunes filho (arquimedes lopes nunes filho), Antônio Augusto Martins Pereira Júnior (instituto militar de engenharia - ime), Sergio Neves Monteiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - ime), Tatianny Soares Alves (Universidade Federal do Piauí - ufpi), Renata barbosa (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PIAUÍ - UFPI)
Abstract:
Some polymers degrade by hydrolytic processes, generally resulting in low molecular weight species that can be metabolized or bioabsorbed by the body. The human physiological environment offers the right conditions for these hydrolytic processes, the hydrolytic degradation test regulated by ASTM D1635 is of low cost, allowing evaluations of the properties of the previous ones to the degradation process, under controlled temperature and pH conditions. This work aimed to evaluate the hydrolytic degradation by the in vitro method of biocomposites with polymeric matrix PHB (Polyhydroxybutyrate), bentonite clay and compatible agent, PP-g-MA. The compositions were mixed by extrusion and the specimens were coformed by hot pressing, the samples were also evaluated by Optical Microscopy (MO) before and after the hydrolytic degradation tests Under optical microscopy, more regular surfaces without press marks can be observed as a result of the addition of clay and diffuse surface degradation of all compositions, especially PHB1. The PHB3 sample showed a possible formation of clusters and compositions PHB1 and PHB3 reached the erosion stage.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Artur camposo pereira (Instituto militar de engenharia), Andreza Menezes Lima (IME), Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes (IME), Michelle Souza Oliveira (IME), Ulisses Oliveira Costa (IME), Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro (IME), Sergio Neves Monteiro (IME)
Abstract:
The objective of this work was to investigate the toughness behaviour of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with up to 30% by volume of ramie fabric with 0.5% vol. Graphene oxide (GO), through Charpy impact tests. The addition of GO results in a visible improvement in the energy absorption capacity of the composites. The macroscopic observation of post-impacted samples and the analysis of fractures by SEM showed that the longitudinal rupture through the interface of the ramie fiber with the epoxy matrix is the main mechanism for the greater toughness served by these composites. In addition, it found better adhesion between the ramie fiber and the epoxy matrix due to the incorporation of GO.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Artur camposo pereira (instituto militar de engenharia), Andreza Menezes Lima (IME), Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes (IME), Michelle Souza Oliveira (IME), Ulisses Oliveira Costa (IME), Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro (IME), Sergio Neves Monteiro (IME)
Abstract:
The graphene oxide (GO) was used to improve the properties of polymer compounds. The epoxy matrix compounds with ramie fabric (Boehmeria nivea) already obtain these technological techniques due to their good mechanical results. The objective of this work was to investigate the toughness behavior of epoxy matrix compounds with 0.5% GO, reinforced with 30% by volume of ramie fabric by Izod impact tests. The addition of GO results in a visible improvement in the energy absorption capacity of the compounds. A macroscopic observation of post-impacted samples and an analysis of fractures by SEM shows that a longitudinal rupture through the ramie fiber interface with an epoxy matrix is the main mechanism for a greater toughness served by these composites. In addition, there was a better adhesion between a ramie fiber and an epoxy matrix due to the incorporation of GO.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), paulo anderson aranha ferreira (universidade federal do pará), thiago corrêa (universidade federal do pará), ana beatriz rodrigues porto (universidade federal do pará), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia ), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
Geopolymers are inorganic materials, aluminosilicates that are produced by geopolymerization reaction. Due to their superior properties and characteristics to Portland cement, many researches are carried out to ensure the importance of geopolymer material in civil construction. In view of this, the objective of this study is to produce geopolymeric pastes with different blast furnace slag (EAF) formulations, and later subject them to temperature variations, to then analyze the morphologies of the specimens after fracture. For this study, Metakaolin, high slag (EAF) with formulations of 0%, 35%, 45% and 55% were used, and potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) were used as activating solution. Subsequently, the specimens obtained were submitted to 300 ºC and 800 ºC. To achieve the objective of the study, Optical Microscopy (OM) and X-Ray Diffractogram characterizations were performed for the geopolymer and blast furnace slag, respectively. Thus, the results showed that the specimens with formulations of 45% and 55% were superior to the others when subjected to 800 ºC, as they result in a smaller amount of pores and less when the material is unreacted and cracks.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), Maurício maia ribeiro (instituto federal do pará), roberto tetsuo fujiyama (universidade federal do pará), jean da silva rodrigues (instituto federal do pará), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará), SérgiO neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
Composite materials are of great interest in other areas of science, due to the vast field of applicability and workability. In this sense, natural fibers and industrial waste are raw materials with good performance for the production of a composite material. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the mechanical and morphological behavior, after the tensile test according to ASTM D638, of a hybrid composite of 25/25% of 15 mm sisal fiber and Marupá particulate in polyester matrix, with cure rate of 0.33%. Subsequently, characterize the raw materials by Scanning Electron Microscopy and morphologically characterize the hybrid composite after the tensile test. The results for sisal fiber morphology indicated a regular geometry, with absence of layers. The Marupá particulate, on the other hand, highlighted a more irregular, heterogeneous morphology. The results for the hybrid composite highlighted the tensile strength of 25.70 Mpa, about 30% reduction compared to the pure matrix of 50.24 Mpa. The fractographic appearance revealed the presence of pull out, fiber scratching and the presence of wood particles. Finally, the composite obtained good performance in relation to the other composites studied, being able to present itself as a material with good performance.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), Maurício maia ribeiro (instituto federal do pará), roberto tetsuo fujiyama (universidade federal do pará), jean da silva rodrigues (instituto federal do pará), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará), SérgiO neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
Composites are important materials for the development of new products for certain applications. These materials are composed of phases/microconstituent, which determine the properties and characteristics of the final product. Natural jute fiber has good mechanical properties, strength and is a renewable, biodegradable and economically viable reinforcement. On the other hand, wood residues, in turn, constitute a good reinforcement to the matrix, adhering exponentially. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the tensile properties of a hybrid composite of 25/25% of natural jute fiber and marupá wood residues, in a polyester matrix methyl - ethyl - ketone of 0.33% (v/v ). Subsequently, the hybrid composite was subjected to tensile testing, according to ASTM D638, and fractographic analysis by scanning electron microscopy. Thus, the results showed that the composite presented an average tensile strength equal to 25.13 MPa, with only 31.54% reduction when comparing the strength of the pure Matrix. The fractrographic aspect showed the presence of porosity in the material and pull out. Thus, in function of the mentioned characteristics, the hybrid composite presented a good performance, compared to the pure matrix.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), Maurício maia ribeiro (universidade federal do pará), paulo anderson aranha ferreira (universidade federal do pará), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia ), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará), taiana de sousa matos (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
Composite materials have gained prominence due to their association with excellent technological and environmental characteristics. In this sense, the development of polymeric matrix composites stands out, highlighting the application of waste in composites. The development of composites emerges as an alternative for the environmentally correct final disposal of different wastes as well. Thus, the objective of this work is the production of composite materials with an unsaturated polyester matrix, with a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEK) curing agent, in the presence of quaruba wood residue and manually cut sisal fiber. The wood residue and fiber were randomly disposed in the polyester matrix and the manufacturing process was by manual molding and without pressure. The mechanical property evaluated was through a tensile test in accordance with ASTM D 638:2010 standard. After the tensile test, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was performed aiming to analyze the fracture surface in order to establish a relationship between the aspects of the fracture with the mechanical properties. The results showed that the methodology applied as satisfactory, mainly due to revealing innovative data about this composite, the presence of sisal fibers is accompanied by voids due to the presence of pull out.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): David Coverdale Rangel Velasco (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Renan da Silva Guimarães (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
In order to satisfy the needs of societies in the best possible way, when carrying out engineering activities, one should consider not only the economic and technological aspects, but also their environmental impacts. Thus, the development of composites that use waste as a cargo has grown, aiming not only for better and / or cheaper materials, but also to reduce the use of natural resources and the non-use of waste. This work aims to compare the effect of processing coconut shell particulates on the impact resistance of epoxy matrix composites. The processing evaluated in this work was carried out in a ball mill of the brand Servitech, model CT-240 / A, while the results were obtained by means of an Izod type test, carried out in a PANTEC Pendulum impact test machine, model XC -50. The results of this work indicate that the use of particulates without processing is detrimental to the performance of composites, while using processed particulates it is possible to increase the resistance to impact. It was also noticed that the processing facilitates the process of making the specimens, in addition to enabling the use of higher volumetric fractions.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): David Coverdale Rangel Velasco (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), NOAN TONINI SIMONASSI (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), FELIPE PERISSÉ DUARTE LOPES (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), CARLOS MAURÍCIO FONTES VIEIRA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), RÔMULO LEITE LOIOLA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO)
Abstract:
The main solid residue of the coconut is its shell, with fibers being the most valuable part of it. However, when extracting the fibers, a particulate by-product with twice the volume is generated. This work aims to evaluate the difference between the compressive properties of composites with incorporation of this by-product before and after its processing. This residue was processed in a ball mill of the brand Servitech, model CT-240 / A and incorporated in an epoxy matrix of the DGEBA / TETA system, varying the volumetric fractions of the residue. The results indicated that in addition to allowing higher volumetric fractions of particulates to be used, the processing of coconut shell powder is beneficial for the properties of the composites and the dispersion of the particulates. Regarding the compressive strength, it was possible to obtain results superior to pure epoxy and composites with unprocessed particles. However, although it is not possible to obtain a higher modulus of elasticity than pure epoxy, the charge processing allows to obtain values closer to it.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): FABIO DA COSTA GARCIA FILHO (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Michelle Souza Oliveira (Instituto militar de engenharia), Fernanda Santos da Luz (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Fábio de Oliveira Braga (senai-rj / uff), Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Josiane Dantas Viana Barbosa (senai cimatec-ba), Sergio Neves Monteiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Since the last decade, several studies have been carried out regarding the use of natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) as reinforcement in polymeric matrix composites for ballistic application. The reported results are promising and can often be compared to those using traditional materials like KevlarTM, especially when applied as an intermediate layer in a multilayer armor system (MAS). However, studies on the most suitable configuration for polymeric composites reinforced with NLFs when subjected to high strain rates still needs better understanding. This work aims to evaluate four possible arrangements for epoxy matrix composite reinforced with NFLs in terms of energy absorption and ballistic efficiency. In this study, the NLF chosen was the piassava fiber, which is a rigid fiber and therefore cannot be woven as fabric. The performance of these composites was assessed against the ballistic impact of 7.62 mm high-energy ammunition. The results obtained were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honest significant difference test (HSD). In addition, the micro-mechanisms associated with the failure of these composites were determined. Energy absorption of the same order as KevlarTM and indentation depth, way below the limit determined by NIJ 0101.04 standard, were obtained for all conditions.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Fabrício cota vasconcellos (Universidade Federal de Viçosa), Gustavo Emilio Soares de Lima (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), Beatryz Cardoso Mendes (Universidade Federal de Viçosa), Leonardo Gonçalves Pedroti (Universidade Federal de Viçosa)
Abstract:
Concrete is the most used material in civil construction. To meet certain requirements, several studies were carried out to improve this material. Thus, high-performance concrete emerged, with a special emphasis on Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC). RPC is a composite material consisting only of materials of low particle size and, in some cases, fibers are inserted to improve its performance. In light of this context, this work aims to evaluate the influence of the steel fiber content on the mechanical properties of RPC. The experiment consisted of producing four mixtures of RPC from the same mix, one without the addition of steel fibers and the other three changing the dosage of steel fibers over the cement mass. The molded specimens were stored in a curing tank, where they remained until the age of the tests. The 3-point flexion and compressive strength tests were performed at the ages of 1, 3 and 7 days. It was observed that 10% content of steel fibers showed the best strength gains, either in tensile, flexion or compression. In addition, there was a significant improvement in the ductility of the composite, from fragile rupture to a ductile rupture, due to the presence of steel fibers.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): FLAVIO JAMES HUMBERTO TOMMASINI VIEIRA RAMOS (Instituto de macromoléculas professora eloisa mano / urfj)
Abstract:
The research developed polymeric/geopolymer composites to observation electrical conduction capacity. Geopolymer materials were produced with steel slag and expanded graphene into the polyamide 9T (Genestar™, Kuraray) matrix under melt state. The geopolymer was synthesized using steel slag - industrial reject of steal production - and sodium metasilicate by constant mechanical agitation. Posteriorly, the material was dried in an oven, and after the dimensions of geopolymer particles were decreased through pressing in a hydraulic press. A modified Hummers method was applied to obtain graphene from graphite. The composite was obtained by processing in a double screw extruder, allowing higher and better dispersion between the composite materials. Initially, the resulted composite materials were characterized through thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Preliminary results presented some differences according to similar studies found in the literature. The composites did not present some loss of thermal stability, crystallinity content, and elementary composition of the geopolymer showed with X-ray fluorescence analysis (Si, Al and Fe), suggests the development of materials with future applications in electronic apparatus by materials engineering.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): FLAVIO JAMES HUMBERTO TOMMASINI VIEIRA RAMOS (Instituto de macromoléculas professora eloisa mano / urfj)
Abstract:
The study proposes the development of a new composite in order to apply in the aerospace industry, where the demand for light and versatile high-performance materials has been promoting both research and use of polymeric composite, which can reach or surpass the performance of traditional materials such as metal. The composite matrix used was the semi-aromatic polyamide PA9T, a new thermoplastic polymer with high heat and chemical resistances, low water absorption, and a cost-performance higher than most materials in the market. Geopolymer particles from two types of slag (PAN and CON) were decreased, and then added to the polymer matrix through extrusion in order to improve mechanical properties. Then, the EDX, XRD, and TGA analyses were performed to present some characteristics of the different composites, which can contribute to innovation in aerospace technology.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Everton dos santos barreto (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Rômulo Leite Loiola (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho Barbosa (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), David Coverdale Rangel Velasco (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), NOAN TONINI SIMONASSI (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Sérgio Neves Monteiro (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO)
Abstract:
The appreciation for coffee by Brazilians is notorious since it is common to consume it daily and the drink can be easily found throughout the country. Thus, used coffee grounds, the most common residue of this product, are generated in large quantities and discarded without much concern for possible contamination of the environment. Aiming a better final destination to the coffee grounds, the present work presents a compressive tests characterization of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with coffee grounds to be used as high performance coating flours (HPF). In this case, HPF is a type of floor covering that provides a good finish, low cost and, as the name suggests, high mechanical performance. Thus, the compressive strength of composites for this type of application is critical and is the main focus of this work. For this, specimens were produced reinforced with volumetric fractions of 10%, 20% and 30% of coffee grounds forming a composite with epoxy resin. After the matrix curing, the specimens were subjected to compressive tests. The results indicated that the 30% coffee grounds composites showed promising results for application as HPF, given the compressive strength and elastic modulus values required by standard, even if these values were lower of those of the pure resin.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): gabriel pereira monteiro (universidade estadual do norte fluminense darcy ribeiro), Afonso Rangel Garcez Azevedo (universidade estadual do norte fluminense darcy ribeiro), markssuel teixeira marvila (universidade federal de viçosa), Sergio Neves Monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The civil construction industry is one of the biggest raw material consumers on the planet. However, one of the advantages found in this industry is the possibility of incorporating different residues into its materials, reducing the environmental impacts produced by it, in addition to the possibility of developing new products. This research aims to evaluate the properties in the fresh state (consistency, density, incorporated air and water retention) of coating mortars, with a trace of 1:3:0.85 (cement: sand: water), with the Addition of açaí stone, an agro-industrial residue, as a partial substitute (10% by mass) of sand, in different processes: natural stone, calcined at 400ºC, treated with KOH and NaOH. The mortars containing the residue showed less consistency, with emphasis on the composition with NaOH with a reduction of 52%. Density also reduced in all mortars with the residue, presenting a lighter and more flexible material. The incorporated air content showed little variation in 0.3 and 0.2%. Finally, water retention showed an improvement in all compositions, especially those treated in KOH and NaOH, increasing this property by 11%. The addition of the seeds proved to be viable analyzing the properties in the fresh state of the material
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Gabriela Nunes Sales Barreto (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO)
Abstract:
The present work’s main goal is the development of artificial stone through vibration, compression and vacuum method, from quartz waste and glass waste from transparent packaging, agglomerated by epoxy resin. Wastes were prepared and distributed granulometrically by the fine sieving method. Subsequently, tests indicated that the most closed-packed mixture contained 33.33% of fine particles, 33.33% of medium particles and 33.33% of coarse particles and the minimum resin content was calculated at 15%. The artificial stone plates were prepared with 15 (RAVQ 15) and 20% (RAVQ 20) weight of epoxy resin by the vibration, compression and vacuum method (600mmHg for 20min at 90ºC and 10t of compaction pressure). The plates were sanded and cut to the appropriate dimensions so that tests could be performed in order to determine the physical indices (apparent density, water absorption and apparent porosity) and 3 point bend strength. The results are within the range of values found by other authors, in addition to being comparable to commercial artificial stone. Besides, they classified the stone produced as high quality coating materials.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): genilson cunha de oliveira filho (uneb - universidade do estado da bahia), Rui carlos de sousa mota (ifba), Ana Claudia Rangel da Conceicao (ufba - universidade federal da bahia), mirtania antunes leão (ifba), oscar olimpio de araujo filho (ufpe - universidade federal de pernambuco)
Abstract:
The gradual replacement of conventional materials by composite materials becomes reality when specific properties cannot be achieved by them. A search is being made for new composites using natural fibers or a blend of natural fibers and synthetic fibers as reinforcement for environmental reasons. The study in question aims to develop two composite laminates, one based on piassava fiber fabric and another hybrid composite based on piassava fiber and E-glass fabrics, to compare the mechanical behavior of both. The laminated plates were prepared and processed for sample manufacture in accordance with the specifications of ASTM D3039 - Uniaxial Tensile Test and ASTM D790 - Three Point Bending Test. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was also performed to analyze the mechanisms of specimen damage.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): GEOVANA CARLA GIRONDI DELAQUA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), caio freitas andolphi (universidade redentor), Gabriel Chaves da Cruz (UNIVERSIDADE REDENTOR), Gustavo Gonçalves Macedo (universidade redentor ), Luciano Modesto Gomes (universidade redentor ), Thiago Felix de Almeida (universidade redentor), Victor barbosa de Souza (universidade redentor ), daniel passos gallo (universidADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), CARLOS MAURICIO FONTES VIEIRA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
This research consists of the production of concrete specimens with the addition of ground glass in order to improve its mechanical resistance to compression and also to be an outlet for the glass waste to be reused in civil construction. The research is justified to the problems faced in the disposal of glass, being a material that is currently considered one of the most problematic waste on the planet, the minimum time of total wear of the glass is 4 thousand years. Based on the addition of glass in the concrete design, cylindrical specimens conforming to ABNT were composed of cement, gravel and sand, with partial replacement in 0, 5,10,15 and 20% in ground glass. The glass residue was crushed by grinding and sieving with a granulometry of 2.36 mm mesh 8, the same granulometry of the sand used. From the compression tests after the curing of the specimens, it was observed that the addition of glass in the concrete gave a gain of 10.23% of the mechanical strength to the compressor 28 days of cure with 10% of glass, thus making possible the use of this concrete in the construction industry, efficiently estimating low cost for the use of a tailings. This work provides continuous research and development for further improvements of this composite
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Guilherme Moura Reis Coutinho (uenf), Lucas Xavier Pereira da Silva (redentor), Victor Barbosa de Souza (redentor), Maksuell Davila (redentor), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf)
Abstract:
Brazil is a country in accession, and with that several sectors of the economy have been growing along with this advance. The foundry area is following this rise, with Brazil being the seventh largest producer of castings in the world, and this activity generates solid waste, the so-called green sand being the main one. The objective of this work is to replace the fine concrete aggregate with the foundry waste. The 3:2:1 line (sand: gravel: cement) was used to make the specimens, respectively. After verifying values obtained in a test with specimen without incorporation, dashes were made replacing with different percentages of foundry tailings. The specimens were cured at room temperature for 7 and 28 days, and immediately afterwards they were subjected to compression tests where they had a sheared rupture and different values of resistance limit (MPa). It can be concluded with this study that there is a feasibility of partially replacing the fine aggregate of the concrete with the foundry waste.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): HELLEN CRISTINE PRATA DE OLIVEIRA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Adriano Corrêa Batista (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Priscila de Souza André (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Paulo Santos Assis (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
The most important prerequisite for mass production of sintered parts successfully is the high and consistent quality of the powder used, as its characteristics determine the behavior of the stages of compacting, sintering and, consequently, the properties of the finished product. This work consists of the characterization of Fe, Cu, Nb and NbH metallic powders that will be used, later, in the production of metallic matrices. The objective is to verify if the characteristics of interest such as purity, chemical composition, particle size, morphology, crystalline structure, apparent density and behavior to thermal stimulus are satisfactory for the good performance of the particles together during the stages of the production process via Powder Metallurgy. The experimental techniques employed in this evaluation were EDX, BET, MEV, DRX and TGA / DTA. It was observed that the particles of the metallic powders have satisfactory purity combined with a good particle size distribution and morphology. The crystalline phases were identified and the thermal behavior was adequate for the usual temperature range in the sintering of these materials. With this information combined with a controlled sintering process, we have a quality final product with expected mechanical and physical properties.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Ingrid Russoni de Lima (Universidade Federal Fluminense), bONIFACIO DE OLIVEIRA FIALHO (Universidade Federal Fluminense), Gabrielle Cristine Duarte Freitas (Universidade Federal Fluminense), jOSÉ ADILSON DE CASTRO (Universidade Federal Fluminense), gLÁUCIO sOARES DA FONSECA (Universidade Federal Fluminense)
Abstract:
Nowadays, with modern life, the number of automobile accidents has increased, and, combined with pathological conditions that lead to critical bone defects in the human body, it has required, every day, more expertise on the part of Researchers in order to develop biomaterials that can contribute to bone repair. At the same time; the scarce resources for research, and the need to make the access of these biomaterials to SUS viable requires expertise and efforts on the part of researchers to make them more bioactive, biocompatible, and more comprehensive access to the needy population. Thus, the objective was to produce nanopowders of synthetic hydroxyapatite through routes of obtaining nanometric powders produced from chicken eggshell in order to improve the biointeraction of these biomaterials in order to cover cellulose fibers as biomaterial from hydrolysis of the cotton plant. Analyzes of these hydroxyapatite nanopowders were done by SEM, TEM and 3D modeling of chemical groups, on the other hand, obtaining cellulose fibers are still being outlined in protocols in the laboratory to serve as a membrane substrate and we are still waiting for answers due to the covid -19. We concluded that it was possible to obtain nanometer-sized HÁ (route D) nanopowders with potential for application in biofunctionalization of fiber surfaces.
Technical Programming
6/7/22, 3:40 PM - 6/7/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): isaque alan de brito moura (Military institute of engineering), vinicius morais santana matos (MILITARY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING), talita gama de sousa (MILITARY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING), ANDREZA MENEZES LIMA (MILITARY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING), WESLEY OLIVEIRA DA SILVA (MILITARY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING), sergio neves monteiro (military institute of engineering), luiz paulo brandao (military institute of engineering), Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro (IME)
Abstract:
A graphene oxide (GO) reinforced copper (Cu) matrix nanocomposite, was synthesized by sintering under hydrogen atmosphere and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Vickers microhardness, densification and electrical conductivity tests. Nanocomposite process was performed by mixing electrochemical Cu powder with GO aqueous solution. The final concentration of GO in the nanocomposite was 0.3 wt%. Sintering was performed under H2 gas atmosphere. Through SEM, it was possible observe the homogeneous dispersion of graphene sheets between Cu particles, without aglomeration. The final results disclosed similar densifications and the same higher electrical conductivity values of the nanocomposite in comparison to pure Cu. The microhardness values were slightly changed with the H2 treatment.
Forum
6/7/22, 4:30 PM - 6/7/22, 6:30 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinator: Vânia Lúcia de Lima Andrade – ABM´s advisor and consultant
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): marco antonio da costa (companhia siderurgica nacional - csn), bruno fonseca de oliveira (COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL - CSN)
Abstract:
The Coke Oven Battery from CSN, due to its operating time, presents some coke ovens an advanced state of deterioration, it is necessary to carry out repairs to prolong its operation. Traditional repair consists of replacing refractory materials, which form the walls of the Coke Ovens. This refractory material has silica as its main raw material, which is acquired, not only by natural abundance, but also by value, from Chinese companies. Currently, the acquisition of refractory material from these Chinese companies has a manufacturing and transportation term of more than 12 months. In view of the search for increased coke production and gas generation and the long time to obtain conventional refractory material, an innovative methodology for the rapid repair of refractory walls was developed together with the Italian engineering company SDS Consulting and execution by the company RIP Services, an innovative methodology for quick repair of refractory walls, with the objective of return to operation, coke ovens inoperative, with refractory material (fused silica) with shorter manufacturing and transportation times. This methodology was applied to 29 end flues of refractory walls, which allowed 20 ovens to be inoperable to return to operation.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): adriano francisco dos santos (arcelormittal tubarão), leonardo ragassi ferreira lima (arcelormittal tubarão), gustavo ludgero (arcelormittal tubarão)
Abstract:
The customer service with inputs within parameters for the production control is a more relevant factor at the Utilites Area in a Steel Company. At the ArcelorMittal Tubarão of the several gas consumers we highlight the rolling of the Hot Strip Mill that are heated with mix gas in three Mix Gas Control using LDG, COG, BFG and Natural Gas. Among the gases used to heat the furnace, the LDG gas has the bigger consumer and It has the less stable gas production too, because is recieved by batch and saved in a Gasholder where the distribuction is performed according to the demand of the áreas and the production of LDG gas. Whenever there is instability in the processo of transformation of iron in stell the production of the LDG gas is compromised and consequently affects consumer areas, behind of ocurring a lot of maneuvers to keep the stability of the consumers. Among this maneuvers realized the manual change of gas mix (manual actuation on water seal) need most attention because it is necessary the Utility Distibuction Controler is attentive with some importants variables to the distibuction of the gas. Therefore, the present document aims to show the improvment made in the Gas Mixing Station where through the inttalation of automatic valves for the automatic Exchange of mixed gas Booster, we minimize the time used for the Exchange and maximize the use of the gas in the Gasholder, increasing the availability of LDG gas for the mixed gas distribution system in order to maintain the sending of this gas to the Hot Strip Mill furnace with the least possible impact.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): JONATAS VENANCIO BARBOSA (USINAS SIDERURGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS SA), ronaldo Augusto rebelo (usiminas), edmilson fernandes dadomi (usiminas)
Abstract:
Stability of thin strips during deformation in a hot strip finishing mill is a critical factor to control. The development of advanced steels makes the process control increasingly complex. One of the challenges is avoiding tail crash due to strip tracking problems, having consequences for the products quality, productivity, and operational stability in the Hot Strip Mill. Several improvements related to tail end control were performed in Usiminas Ipatinga Hot Strip Mill, optimizing process parameters aiming the decrease of tail crash occurrences. A multidisciplinary team approached this issue with consistent analysis, industrial trials, daily routine improvements and innovation on its system control. The main topics of this development are the work roll crown optimization, the creation of a new tail strip tracking dynamic control system, and improvements on process control. The main achievements of this work are reduced tail crashing/ripped tails events, production interruptions, work roll consumption, cobble events, rejects due pincher, bruises, and interventions on target gauge. It was also possible to decrease the environment impact and improve the operation safety.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): ANDRE LUIZ VASCONCELLOS DA COSTA E SILVA (UFF)
Abstract:
The understanding and modeling of the effects of Nb in microalloyed steels has significantly evolved since their introduction in the 1960s. However, most of the efforts have been focused on the relatively low temperature hot rolling of flat products. In this paper we discuss how solute drag and particle drag where somewhat lumped when the modeling of hot rolling of flat products has evolved and how this led to overlooking of the solute drag effect, which can have important effects in other rolling conditions and in combination with other elements, eg B. Furthermore, the current modeling of precipitation and recrystallization is briefly reviewed with some emphasis on the progress on the use of computational thermodynamic tools. Finally, some examples of how the modeling use computational thermodynamic can be improved are presented. It is proposed that, in order to fully use the potential of microalloying elements in steels, the fundamental phenomena occurring should not be overlooked and we should not try to always extend the successful paradigm developed for flat product hot rolling to all applications of microalloying.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Haysler Apolinário Amoroso Lima (saint-gobain)
Abstract:
In the steelmaking process after treating the secondary refining in the Ladle. The liquid steel is leakage into the tundish to solidify the steel into ingots. A problem observed during the steel leak is the appearance of some flow phenomena, such as the vortex responsible for the slag drag and the drain, which in the final minutes of the leak, allows the slag to collapse, forcing the immediate closing of the valve, affecting the metallic yield. This work was the result of the development of a new concept of molding the bottom of the Ladle, through an elaborate profile, which allowed to reduce by 75% the losses in a Physical Model in water and validated in a Numerical Model. Keywords: Metallic Yield, Ladle Bottom and Castable
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): LEONARDO BARBOZA TRINDADE (ste), antônio cezar faria vilela (lasid/ufrgs)
Abstract:
The removal of hydrogen from molten steel is especially important to avoid defects in the solidified product. The most efficient process to removal hydrogen involves the injection of a gas (argon or nitrogen) under low pressure, conditions founded in the VD (vacuum degassing). In this work, a CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) model was built to simulate the gas-metal flow in a ladle of 100 t. The steady flow was used as an initial condition to simulate the hydrogen mass transfer between the gas-metal phases. The equilibrium conditions were calculated in function of the hydrogen partial pressure accordingly Sievert´s Law. The mass transfer coefficient and the interfacial area density were obtained from the flow conditions. The hydrogen removal was simulated for 20 minutes and effects of gas flow rate and vacuum pressure were analyzed. The results agree well with the data founded in literature. This model can be applied to develop an online tool to preview the hydrogen during degassing.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): SAMUEL L. S. MEDEIROS (UFC), JEFERSON LEANDRO KLUG (UFC), KLAUS SCHHULZ (Imerys Metalcasting Germany GmbH), BRUNO TOUZO (IMERYS BELGIUM SA)
Abstract:
MOLD FLUXES MAIN FUNCTIONS DURING CONTINUOUS CASTING OF STEEL ARE LUBRICATION AND CONTROL OF HORIZONTAL HEAT TRANSFER RATE. BOTH FUNCTIONS ARE DEPENDENT ON MOLD FLUX CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR. REMOVING F FROM MOLD FLUXES IS BECOMING OBVIOUS DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH CONCERNS, AND DUE TO CORROSION OF THE CONTINUOUS CASTING MACHINE. HOWEVER, WHEN REPLACING F WITH OTHER MATERIALS, SUCH AS TIO2-BASED ONES, AMONG OTHERS, THERE IS A DRASTIC CHANGE IN MOLD FLUXES RECIPES. THE MOLD FLUXES TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS CHANGE, INCLUDING CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIOR, WHICH IS CRITICAL FOR PERITECTIC STEEL SLAB CASTING. CONSIDERING THE NEED FOR INDUSTRIAL TRIALS WITH NEW RECIPES, IT IS IMPORTANT TO GET BASIC UNDERSTANDING ON CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS TO OPTIMIZE TESTS, WHEN DEVELOPING F-FREE TIO2-BEARING MOLD FLUXES FOR PERITECTIC STEEL SLAB CASTING. THEREFORE, IT IS NECESSARY TO DEFINE THE BEST WAY TO EVALUATE CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS. THE PRESENT WORK SHOWS A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE ON HOW TO ASSESS CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS FOR F-FREE MOLD FLUXES. THE TWO KINDS OF CRYSTALLIZATION PROCESSES WHICH ARE RELEVANT DURING CONTINUOUS CASTING ARE ANALYZED. REGARDING CRYSTALLIZATION FROM MELT, THE FRIEDMAN ISOCONVERSIONAL METHOD CAN BE USED TO DETERMINE ACTIVATION ENERGY. AND FOR CRYSTALLIZATION FROM GLASS (DEVITRIFICATION), THE MATUSITA-SAKKA MODEL SHOULD BE USED. THE SINGLE HOT THERMOCOUPLE TECHNIQUE CAN BE USED TO GET COMPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. IN THIS WAY, CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS FOR NEW F-FREE RECIPES CAN BE COMPARED WITH STANDARD F-BEARING RECIPES WHICH ARE BEING USED AT STEELWORKS, FOR THE RELEVANT CRYSTALS WHICH PRECIPITATE DURING CONTINUOUS CASTING.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): ALAN ALVES VIEIRA (COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
This work aims to list the main challenges and operational actions of the Blast Furnace 3 after mini-reform, with a sharp increase at the fuel rate in the first quarter of 2020 due to chronic problems, such as the scab formation.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): ANA MARIA GUILHERME BAILON (SAMARCO MINERAÇÃO), Luis Marcelo Tavares (Laboratório Tecnologia Mineral, COPPE/UFRJ), Felipe Otávio Morato (Samarco Mineração), Samuel Sena (samarco mineração), Fabio Ferreira Ribeiro (samarco mineração), Sanderson Battestin Bernardes (Samarco mineração), Raphael Dias De Medeiros (samarco mineração)
Abstract:
Iron ore pellets destined for direct reduction reactors are coated with an anti-gluing agent, the coating, which aims to mitigate the tendency to glue one pellet to another, under reduction, at high temperatures. To act as a coating agent, the material must have chemical and granulometric stability and be able to adhere and remain fixed to the pellet surface, even during handling, until the pellets are used as a metallic charge in reactors. Fine residues from the cutting of granite slabs were tested, on a pilot scale, as a coating agent in iron ore pellets. Chemical, physical and particle size analysis of the residue and metallurgical tests and evaluation of the percentage of coating of the pellets covered with granite residues were carried out. The material presented satisfactory results as a coating agent in all evaluated parameters. Thus, fine residues from granite cutting proved to be an efficient and sustainable alternative for use in the coating of pellets.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): LESEDI MANANENG NGOATO (ANGLO AMERICAN MINERIO DE FERR)
Abstract:
Anglo American’s Minas Rio iron ore beneficiation plant located in Conceição do Mato Dentro, Minas Gerais, Brazil uses the reverse flotation technique to recover ore while ensuring that majority of the silica (SiO2) is discharged into the tailings dam. Circulating load (CL) samples were sent for testing at the Derrick Screen facility in the USA using the SuperStack™ screening machine with three different aperture sizes i.e. 150 µm, 180 µm and 210 µm. The aim of these tests was to determine the best conditions for the maximum removal of coarse SiO2 in the oversize (O/S) stream. The results from these tests were used for the development of single component (mass) and multicomponent (Fe, SiO2, Gangue) model that predicts the removal of SiO2 from the CL. The use of these models will in turn save money and time for the business. An empirical model development technique was used to develop multi-variate linear regression equations for calculating the following model parameters i.e. alpha, beta, water split and d50c. The beta parameter was fitted because all the efficiency curves for all tests displayed the fishhook effect at finer particle size end. The model parameters for the single component model were: alpha – 5.64, beta – 0.19, d50c – 0.15 mm, & water split – 90.81%. The model parameters for the multi component model were: alpha,Fe – 4.27, alpha,SiO2 – 4.44; beta,Fe – 0.21, beta,Fe – 1.04; d50c,Fe – 0.20 mm, d50c,SiO2 – 0.16 mm. The developed models were tested validated and they closely predict experimental performance.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): francisco das chagas fernandes olegario junior (vale), ernani delano dutra oliveira (vale), ana lidia silveira (vale), tobias cabral (vale)
Abstract:
The mine copper Salobo/Vale S.A, located in the Carajás region, southeast of Pará is the largest copper reserves in the country. It is a sulphide copper deposit of world-class exploited in open pit mine, producing copper concentrate by flotation. The operationalization of short term program geometallurgical consists in the acquisition of samples from the blastholes that intersect the mineralized advances. These samples are chemically analyzed, characterized and subjected to bench tests. The already characterized ore would be fed in a controlled manner from the mine and tracked within the process route allowing better preparation of the plant to receive this material, over the years improvements have been incorporated into geometallurgy processes, providing better utilization of mineral well, production optimization and cost reduction.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): CHARLES HENRIQUE XAVIER MORAIS MAGALHAES (Universidade federal de ouro preto), Pablo Henrique Kelly Campos (Universidade federal de ouro preto), geraldo lúcio de faria (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto)
Abstract:
To meet current demands from the automotive industry, a third generation of AHSS has been developed as an alternative to previous generations. In this scenario, TRIP780 steel is an attractive alloy, as it has a favorable chemical composition for the development of innovative heat treatments, such as quenching and partitioning. In this context, this work aimed to investigate the effect of austenitizing temperature on austenitic grain size (AGS) and on critical austenite decomposition temperatures through the execution of complete austenitizing heat cycles, between 950°C and 1200°C, followed by continuous cooling at 15°C/s and 200°C/s, simulated in a quenching dilatometer. With the aid of OM and SEM, the microstructures were analyzed and AGS was measured, showing a tendency to increase exponentially with temperature increase. The dilatometric curves showed that the start critical temperature of austenite to ferrite decomposition decreased as the AGS increased. Finally, it was concluded that the AGS did not intrinsically influence the martensite formation start temperature (Ms), but extrinsically did, considering that this parameter influenced the formation of the diffusional constituents during cooling and, in turn, these influenced the carbon partition to metastable austenite, thus modifying Ms temperatures.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): adriane Lopes Mougo (CEFET- RJ - NOVA IGUAÇU), BERNARDO ALVES DE SENNE (CEFET- RJ - NOVA IGUAÇU), DANIEL SOARES PORTELA DE ORNELLAS (CEFET- RJ - NOVA IGUAÇU), kAIQUE DO ROSÁRIO OLIVEIRA (UFRJ)
Abstract:
The present paper aims to evaluate and compare the metallurgical and geometric aspects of a overlay welding using the Laser Cladding process with Nickel base superalloy Inconel 625 as filler metal on base metal AISI/SAE 4140. The welds were applied as coatings. The input parameters were the laser power and scanning speed. Using ANOVA, it was observed that the speed has a relevant influence on the width and height of the single bead and also on the height of the overlapped beads, while the HAZ of the single bead suffered more influence of the laser power. The fusion line showed PMZs (partial mixed zones). The microhardness values measured in these areas pointed 612 HV and 517 HV, respectively, confirming the formation of martensite. The microhardness of both base metal and filler metal of all samples presented homogeneous results with 250 HV of medium hardness, while the HAZ suffered large variation. In general, it is observed that the samples welded with the lowest speed (8 mm/s), presented lower averages of HAZ microhardness.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Cristiane Sales Gonçalves - Application Engineer and Technical Advisor with Villares Metals
Abstract:
Panels
6/8/22, 8:35 AM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinators: Débora Oliveira - Director of Communication and Institutional Relations at IABr - Brazil Steel Institute; Geraldo Iran de Souza Lima Cardoso - Director of the regional north central of ABM - Brazilian Association of Metallurgy, Materials and Mining
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): cleontt guilherme tavares (VALE )
Abstract:
In the coking processes mixes with different types of coal and inert coals are used, as few coals have all the desired characteristics to produce quality coke. Coke is usually produced by mixtures of different types of coals (Maranha et al. 2014). The cost of coking coal for use in the coking process in the steel industry revolves around 18-20% of the final cost of steel. According to Alves (2017), the densification of the charge by means of physicochemical or mechanical agents such as Stamp Charging can be an output for metallurgical coke production reducing the mixing cost and increasing the productivity without the qualities of the coke produced be compromised. During the pyrolysis in which the coal is subjected inside the furnace without the presence of air, called coking, the different types of coking coals available in the market may contraction and /or expand. It is not worthy that in By-Products coking plants, the total expansion of the mixture may make its application impracticable. The Sole Heat Oven (SHO) test was developed to evaluate the contraction and/or expansion behavior of a coal or mixtures during the coking process. However, the method is applied without load compaction under density conditions as determined by the test standard, ASTM D2014-97. Considering what has been addressed so far, knowing the behavior of the mixture becomes an important tool for the operational viability of mixtures and or coals considered unsuitable for the coking process and bench scale testing becomes a safe methodology and cheap to follow the process. Therefore, the present work developed a structuring method capable of simulating the Stamp Charging process in SHO type furnaces, and to know the effects that the high compaction density up to 1,10 t/m³, may cause in the expansion and contraction comportment of the charge. During the development of the work were analyzed individual coals and mixtures, with characteristics of expansion, contraction and high inert (coals that do not have coking properties) alternating the charge density from 0.8 to 1.1 t / m³.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): rafael oliveira machado queiroz (Ecolab / Nalco water)
Abstract:
The necessity to optimize the water usage, as well as the methods used for its treatment complying with the process requirements, is promoting the necessity for a holistic review of the best practices in water treatment. Therefore, at this moment, new chemicals, instruments, analyzers, among others, are being created and/or improved, with a focus on the environment, operating costs, quality and safety. The use of Purate technology to replace chlorine has produced technical, operational and safety gains, as it eliminates the use of chlorine gas, reducing the risk of catastrophic accidents, in addition to allowing greater automation and control in the use of oxidants, added to the benefits of using chlorine dioxide in drinking water treatment. Safety gains go beyond the elimination of chlorine in the plant. Purate technology enables costs elimination with industrial insurance, PPE and autonomous equipment, gas sensors and their calibrations and maintenance, gas washers, among others. Additionally, the reduction of corrosion in distribution lines, the mitigation of trihalomethanes, among other problems, are directly linked to Purate technology
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): ricardo josé de faria (gerdau)
Abstract:
Normalizing rolling (NR) requires a finishing rolling temperature range between 860°C and 950°C, of the same order as the austenitizing temperature used in the normalizing heat treatment furnace. It is very common to have partial austenite recrystallization between rolling passes in this temperature range during the normalizing rolling of low carbon structural steels microalloyed with niobium, a situation where the toughness of the product can be impaired. So, it is necessary to determine optimized NR process conditions and always comply with them. The use of a microstructural evolution tool as MicroSim®, which predicts the distribution of austenite grain size along hot rolling, can be extremely useful to reach such aim. This paper describes the use of such tool to correlate NR process conditions with plate toughness in some industrial cases. In one case MicroSim® predictions were checked with grain size distributions determined by EBSD analysis. Very satisfactory results were obtained, which indicated several rules to be followed in order to achieve good toughness results in NR plates of low carbon structural steels microalloyed with niobium.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Eduardo Franco de Monlevade (escola politécnica da universidade de são paulo)
Abstract:
Texture analysis is a method of process control to better understand the behavior of material properties throughout it. It is intrinsically related to the forming process and the material’s microstructure. Planetary Rolling Process is derived from Piercing Rolling Process and can be applied in the production of seamless copper tubes, replacing additional processes of reheating and drilling of the billet, as well as allowing for longer starting tubes. In this case study, there was a variation in the starting material. Currently, the planetary rolling process is performed directly from the cast billet to feed the planetary mill. The planetary mill was temporarily fed with extruded billets as well, which led to a question as to whether this could modify the properties of the final product. By using texture as a process control variable, this study aims to catalog the textures by the planetary lamination process of seamless copper alloy 10300 tubes obtained by different starting structures, to analyze them, to compare them and to understand them within the process’ context. Texture analysis of external surface showed some variation for both the macrotexture and the microtexture of the same starting material. To macrotexture was mainly {200} and for microtexture was mainly {111}. It is possible that the layers could recrystallize at different times due to the different velocities and deformation temperatures that vary along the thickness of the tube. And then the transversal surface was analyzed and showed some {111} around outer surface and {100} at the bulk. This means that the deformation of the tube is so intense that the texture tendency may not be related to starting material’s characteristics. To prove that, further analyses should be performed as macrotexture of middle thickness surface and inner surface of the tube.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): werner aredes matos (USINAS SIDERÚRGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS - USIMINAS), Rafael fernandes reis (usinas siderúrgicas de minas gerais - USIMINAS), Ronaldo adriano alvarenga borges (USINAS SIDERÚRGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS - USIMINAS), Breno totti maia ( Lumar metals)
Abstract:
Combined blowing provides several benefits for the primary refining process since the configuration and arrangement of the tuyeres are well defined. Bottom tuyeres, if properly used, may increase productivity through the interaction of the combined blowing, improving the bath mixing, reducing the slopping, splashing and spitting volumes, in addition to enhancing the tuyeres life. In this study, the software Solid Edge® was used to evaluate the interaction conditions between the top jets and the tuyeres plumes for three positioning projects and their pitch circle diameter (PCD) variations, to determine the best configurations. It was identified that the coincidence between the jets and plumes can be avoided for PCDs greater or equal than 0.60. The lance nozzle rotation effect was also verified. In one of the studied cases, a 30° rotation of lance nozzle ensured that the jet/plume did not coincide for all evaluated PCDs. These results allowed an analysis of the best interaction conditions between jets and plumes for each project and helped the condition of lance assembly at Usiminas.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Ricardo vieira regis de almeida Martins (Ternium BR)
Abstract:
Hydrogen pick-up is a present risk at non-vacuum routes in Secondary Metallurgy Steelmaking. It may lead to several problems ranging from pin-holes and hydrogen induced cracking to even break-outs during continuous casting, which impact costs, plant productivity and maintenance. To avoid those problems, the standard in the industry is to measure or calculate the percentual Hydrogen content in the steel at the arrival or departure from the Secondary Metallurgy Steelmaking (for non-Vacuum Routes). This work aimed to identify and quantify the main sources of Hydrogen in liquid Steel in the Ternium Brazil steelmaking plant through process statistical analyses to develop a Hydrogen pick-up prediction model and, thereby, enable a Hydrogen Measuring Sample saving. The statistical analysis included over 50 parameters – including air humidity - whose correlations and null hypotheses (R², R² adj. and P-value) were tested with the Hydrogen Pick-ups in tapping, in ladle treatment station (LTS) treatment, Aluminum heating facility (AHF) treatment and on arrival at the continuous casting machine (CCM). The developed model in Ternium Brazil managed to predict roughly 50% of the total possible variation of the Hydrogen content on the arrival in the AHF and managed to spare - risk proof - over 60% of the samplings.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): alexandre dolabella resende (rhi magnesita)
Abstract:
The steel production steps comprised between the ladle and the continuous casting (CC) mold are critical in guaranteeing the quality of the final product. Potential issues that occur during these steps risk downgrading the produced steel, with significant economic impact to the mill. The necessary process stability can only be achieved through appropriate refractories and systems to control the flow of the molten metal. In this context, modeling and simulation techniques are powerful tools which provide insight on the flow behavior and how it can be positively influenced by tailor-made refractory solutions. In this paper, several examples of how physical and mathematical modeling studies are employed by RHI Magnesita in the development of these solutions are presented, such as: definition of ladle purging plug according to bubble size distributions, study of process variables during ladle gas injection, development of optimized tundish furniture designs and of submerged entry nozzles (SEN) for continuous casting molds. The strengths and limitations of each modeling approach are discussed and comparison to the available data from plant observations is performed.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Frank kerkhoven (Tata steel europe ijmuiden)
Abstract:
This paper discusses the long on-going campaign of more than thirty years of Blast Furnace No.6 (BF6) at Tata Steel’s IJmuiden site. Design aspects and operational conditions are described, explaining how this exceptionally long campaign could be achieved.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Francisco Junior Batista Pedrosa (Instituto de pesquisas tecnológicas), Sandra Lucia de moraes (Instituto de pesquisas tecnológicas), Daniela Colevati Ferreira (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS)
Abstract:
Since its development in the 50s, iron ore pelletizing has been gaining prominence as an alternative to enable the use of fine-size concentrates from low-grade deposits. However, inorganic binders traditionally used in pelletizing, such as bentonite, incorporate unwanted contaminants to subsequent steelmaking processes, such as silica. In this sense, in recent decades, studies and some industrial experiences have shown that organic binders can be an alternative to overcome this challenge. Among the organic binders, those based on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) stand out. It should be noted, however, that the understanding of the agglomeration mechanisms related to these agglomerates is still recent and, therefore, requires further investigation. Thus, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the adsorption mechanisms between sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the mineral surface of a hematite iron ore concentrate through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The results obtained indicate the occurrence of chemical complexation between the carboxylate groups of CMC and the Fe3+ ions on the mineral surface. At first, this interaction occurs simultaneously with the formation of hydrogen bonds between the mineral surface and the CMC carboxylates
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): talita ribeiro de oliveira (Vale s.a), Antonio eustáquio ferreira (Vale S.a), Roberto carlos rodrigues (vale s.a)
Abstract:
Screening screens are basically of 3 types: steel, polyurethane and rubber, with only the first two being used for damp or natural humidity operations. Steel screens are commonly adopted mainly because they have a larger open area and lower cost, but have a short useful life when compared to polyurethane. Thus, to compare the performance of these screens in the treatment of iron ore, two equal screens were used, one with steel screens and the other with polyurethane screens. Despite the smaller open area, both in terms of feed rate, cost, production of metal scrap, weight, useful life and cleaning time, polyurethane screens had superior performance, especially the useful life 6x longer than steel. Thus, considering productivity, polyurethane screens perform greater physical use and physical availability in addition to sustainability, due to less scrap generation, as well as greater safety and ergonomics in the movement of screens for employees.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): francisco das chagas fernandes olegario junioR (VALE), Renan CARVALHO (VALE), Ernani Delano (VALE), Tobias Cabral (VALE)
Abstract:
The Salobo/Vale copper mine, located in the Carajás region, southeast of Pará, is the largest copper reserve in the country. It is a world-class sulphide copper deposit, discovered in the 70s and due to its high complexity and presence of high impurity content, it was only economically viable to be explored after technological advances in mining, as well as after several studies to define the process route, in particular the Flotation stage, which was designed to have a copper recovery of 87.0% and 65% for gold. During the ramp-up of the plant, it was noticed a great difficulty in reaching the project values, and in these almost 10 years of operation, many process development projects had to be implemented to better use the copper and gold in the deposit, reaching respectively 88.3% and 77.0% recovery in copper and gold flotation.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): DAGOBERTO BRANDAO SANTOS (UFMG), Isabela viegas aguiar (ufmg), Bruna Castro Barsand de Leucas (ufmg), Thaís Braga de Abreu (UFMG)
Abstract:
Duplex stainless steels (DSS) have a microstructure composed of ferrite and austenite phases. This microstructure provides to a DSS mechanical and corrosion resistance and, therefore, they are used in the petrochemical, pulp and paper, oil and gas, naval and nuclear industries. DSS 2304 is a lean duplex stainless steels (LDSS), because it has low nickel and molybdenum and high nitrogen and manganese contents. The present work evaluated the mechanical properties a 2304 LDSS. The steel was cold-rolled to a 60% reduction and annealed for 30 min at four temperatures: 600, 700, 800 and 900°C. The microstructural analysis was carried out with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction. The analysis of mechanical properties was performed by tensile and Vickers hardness tests. The micrographs showed wavylines inside the of the phase, associated with the strain-induced martensite (DIM) formation. Cold rolling caused an increase in the mechanical properties of the material and annealing progressively recovered these properties as the temperature increased. The work hardening rate curves revealed well-defined stages involved in the steel hardening process, linked to the different mechanisms of plastic deformation of the austenite and ferrite
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): mARCELO GONÇALVES PEREIRA (SKF do brasil)
Abstract:
The combustion air fans provide the air supply for the burners installed in the tilting furnaces in the casting process. These devices must operate with high reliability, as their failure results in the furnace being stopped. This work aimed to study the failures presented by the bearings applied to these assets, be it seen an average time between repair of 3 months. By monitoring by vibration analysis, it was possible to identify fluctuations in operating behavior, symptoms of unbalance, friction and mechanical play. An application study was carried out on these sets with a focus on bearing arrangement, lubrication, sealing and maintenance actions. After implementation of the recommendations, a group already operating for 26 months without evidence of failure is observed, some of which are replaced in preventive maintenance, and there were no records of unscheduled stops.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): PAULO HENRIQUE VIEIRA SOARES (VALE SA)
Abstract:
The mining grinding process represents an important stage involving several pieces of equipment. The ball mill is the main asset used for comminution of iron ore. To enable the operation of the mills, 13.2 kV / 4500 kW medium voltage motors are integrated into the plant's automation system. These motors have a wound rotor that allows the insertion of resistors in order to move the nominal torque “point” close to the start. In this way, the motor starting torque is higher than the load torque. This work addresses the use of oscillographs, recorded during the engine start transient, to evaluate the maximum current values for two types of liquid rheostat used in the equipment's starting process: the mobile electrode rheostat and the mobile liquid rheostat. The consolidation of the information present in the 325 oscillographs was carried out using RPA (Robotic Process Automation) technology, making it possible to explore the data and assess whether the modification of the type of liquid rheostat caused significant changes in the maximum current value of the motor, reducing or increasing the machine stress during equipment start-up transients.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 9:00 AM - 6/8/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Silvio Antonio Bauco - Process Manager at Sandvik Coromant do Brasil
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): MARIANA LUíZA SOUZA DA SILVA (Universidade federal de ouro preto), Alex milton albergaria campos (universidade federal de ouro preto)
Abstract:
In addition to providing energy and some gases for the reduction of iron ore, coke has the important function of supporting the load and creating a permeable bed for gases rising. CRI (Coke Reactivity Index) and CSR (Coke strength after reaction) are important parameters that analyzed coke in order to measure how much the coke produced is able to perform its physical work in blast furnace environment. Several studies have been published with the partial replacement of coal by biomass as a way of reducing costs and, most importantly, changing the energy matrix of steel plants based on fossil fuels by clean and renewable sources. It is known that for large amount addition of biomass there is an increase in CRI and a decrease in CSR, not being viable for use in the blast furnace. However, there are studies showing that certain quantities can be used, bringing economic and environmental gains. Therefore, this work shows several studies of using biomass in coke and the impact that this addition has on CRI and CSR parameters, as well as the feasibility of using it in some quantities.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): josé geraldo da silva moreira (GERDAU), Patrick Petrônio de Castro Andrade (GERDAU), EDER QUENTAL DE ARAÚJO (GERDAU)
Abstract:
It is essential to Know the PCI of the fuel that will be burned in the boilers of a Power Plant for better energy use and greater combustion efficiency. However, it is not always possible to have on a calorimeter for the analysis of calorific value and, thus, the air/gas ratio may not be ideal, causing incomplete burning due to lack of air for combustion, or loss of useful heat from the reaction due to high excess air. In order to improve the combustion efficiency of the Linz Donawitz Gas (LDG) in the boilers of the Gerdau Ouro Branco Power Plant, was developed a method for determining the PCI of this gas using other already existing meters in the process.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Thomas Köpsel (IMS Messsysteme GmbH)
Abstract:
IMS surcon 3D Surface Inspection Systems have successfully applied laser triangulation technology for reliably evaluating the surfaces of casted materials. Using alone visual information on those surfaces can be highly misleading and generate unwanted false alarms. To worsen the situation, trials have proved that many defects cannot be detected by brightness information alone. This new approach uses fast 3D cameras and lasers to determine depth information as well. A high-resolution depth map of the surface makes many defects not only detectable for the first time, but also allows to objectively evaluate the severity of a defect based on its dimensions and depth. For automated classification, the system uses multiple classifiers in parallel. The result is then decided via majority vote using all those classifiers. This allows highly robust classification results that benefit from using depth and brightness information at the same time. Several challenges had to be mastered to develop this technology for hot casting environments. Double-walled, water-cooled housings protect the inside from heat radiation, while external air supply ensures stable conditions on the inside. Heat haze threatens to disturb the image leading to false depth data. This is prevented using powerful blowers that guarantee stable air conditions in the field of view of the cameras and lasers.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Henrique lacerda eleuterio (uSIMINAS)
Abstract:
The control of heat treatment furnace atmosphere in Continuous Galvanizing Lines (CGL) allows the improvement of the surface quality of the coated Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS), particularly in the case of galvanized (GI) coating. An adjusted atmosphere is responsible for minimizing the formation of oxides on the steel surface and improving operational efficiency. The atmosphere control during the heat treatment of AHSS steels is even more important due to the intense presence of alloying elements in these steels. The presence of these alloying elements, like Mn and Si, could form simple or complex oxide particles that affect the surface quality of the coating. In this context, the influence of the atmosphere of the heat treatment furnace has been determined, particularly the Dew Point (DP) parameter. Its influence on the formation and surface quality of GI coating of the steels with high Mn additions has been determined using a Hot Dip Process Simulator (HDPS) at laboratory scale. It was possible to assess this influence on the coating formation and to optimize the furnace atmosphere. The production of GI coatings with good surface quality and adhesion was also optimized, providing conditions to achieve greater operational flexibility.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): renato wanderley dias (ternium brasil), rafaela soares caneda (ternium brasil), jailson jose cardoso (ternium brasil), fernanda brogio de moura (ternium brasil), clarissa fernanda da silva macedo (ternium brasil), sebastian capote lopes (ternium brasil)
Abstract:
The big challenge of the steel plants is to be competitive in the global market and the managing of the raw material quality has a strategic importance to guarantee the sustainability of the business. In this way, it was understood the importance of centralize the management of the strategic raw materials quality control in order to ensure that the material that is being received is in accordance with the specified and it will contribute to a better stability of the process with low costs. The definition of the scope of this management started with the evaluation of the relevance of each raw material in the process, final product and purchase process (delivery and individual costs). After this classification, the quality process for each material was implemented, considering: frequency of sampling, sampling and analysis standards, type of penalties (in accordance with each contract) and internal reports
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): ANDRE LUIZ VASCONCELLOS DA COSTA E SILVA (UFF)
Abstract:
The changes in metal and slag happening from the electric arc furnace (EAF) tapping into the ladle furnace (LF) process are critical for the efficient operation of a melt shop. In this work, we perform a first attempt at using a computational thermodynamics kinetic effective equilibrium reaction zone (EERZ) model to describe the complex changes happening from tapping until arrival at the LF. The kinetic constants of the model are investigating, looking at their effects in measurable quantities such as soluble and total oxygen, slag composition and amount of slag. Furthermore, the evolution of the oxygen potential in slag and metal in investigated. Two process changes are investigated to evaluate their effect in the process. The model is shown to be very promising in helping to predict the effect of changes in process parameters and the adjustment of parameters to actual industrial results is the next proposed stage of model development
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Lucas Alves Leal (UFMG)
Abstract:
As in any other industry, the main objective of a steel plant is to grant client satisfaction with the product received. One of the most critical tasks in steel slab production is to fulfill the established dimensional parameters of clients’ requests, given that these semi-finished product parameters will be essential inputs in the following processing steps (as lamination, for instance) to achieve the final product. Inside this job of fulfilling dimensional requests of a steel slab, there are three concerns: thickness, length, and width. Given that the acceptable error tolerance is proportionally smaller in width context, this article will focus on this problem. This article intent is to establish a methodology (based on a statistical approach of the production data history) capable of providing a precise analysis of the current status of the shrinkage factors used in the production of each possible steel at the factory and point out the best choices for these parameters in each context, to accomplish the necessities of continuous casting quality standards at Ternium Brazil.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Rodrigo faislon kubrusly (Ternium brasil)
Abstract:
A Sinter plays a fundamental role in the metallic charge of Blast Furnaces in adjusting the chemical quality of the slag. In the reduction of this raw material in the charge, alternative sources of calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) are sought for better adjustment of binary basicity and melting temperature of the slag. Due to the occurrence of a problem in the electrostatic precipitator at Ternium Brazil’s Sinter Plant, there was a need for a 50% reduction in sinter production, especially for environmental control (atmospheric emissions) and with this there was a reduction in stock and low availability for the Blast Furnaces. The aim of this paper is to present how the use of Steel Slag provided, even with low levels of sinter in the charge, an adequate adjustment in the slag of the Blast Furnaces and a process solution for the non-stoppage of the mill's production plants. The use of Steel Slag as an alternative proved to be effective in reducing the cost of metallic charge and adjusting the quality of the slag despite some inconveniences of its regular use in greater proportion, especially due to the percentages of phosphorus and alumina contained in its chemical composition.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): LEANDRO SEIXAS BICALHO (Clariant), Raphael Alcantara da Costa (Clariant), João Paulo Ribeiro (Clariant), Pierre Azevedo Fernandes (Clariant), Cassiano José de Oliveira (Clariant), Vinícius Domenis Isaka (Clariant), Ary Carlos Leal Nogueira (VALE), Luiz Cláudio von Sperling Cotta (VALE), Anderson D. Thomazini (VALE), Eduardo Poltronieri Trés (VALE)
Abstract:
The pelletizing process requires the use of binders. Bentonite is the most common binder used in pelletizing processes. It is an inorganic aluminum silicate-based binder with good water absorption property. Organic binders may also be used targeting the waste content reduction in fired pellets. The present work analyzed pelletizing at a laboratory scale using pellet feed fines from VALE Vargem Grande and tested two different binders. National bentonite was used as the default binder. FLOTICOR PA 9500, a composition based on bentonite and organic additives, was used as a high-performance binder. Results indicated potential for dosage reduction, from 5 kg/t to 2 kg/t using of FLOTICOR PA 9500 and reaching similar compression strength of the pellets. When used at 5 kg/t dosage, the binder has provided superior physical strength values, thus confirming its better performance in iron ore pelletizing.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Ana Paula de souza alves (VALE - NOVA LIMA)
Abstract:
In the mineral industry, over time, the need for processing at natural moisture increases, given the great environmental pressure regarding tailings dams. The search for increasingly thinner cuts is also constant. A little while ago, it was sought to cut in 19.0mm. Currently, the goal is 16.0mm and in order to increase the competitiveness of the products, it is already possible to see the need for thinner cuts in the 12.0mm range. Conventional sieves currently used in processing plants at natural humidity are at the limit of application (cut at 19.0mm), presenting in most cases low sieving efficiency and/or screen obstruction. Thus, the need arose to develop and/or search the market for different sieving technologies, with the Flip-Flop LIWELL sieve being the first in this line of study.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): roberta gonçalves resende ferreira (ANGLOAMERICAN), Thália maria checon frade (ANGLOAMERICAN), Luís Cláuzio de Rennó machado (angloamerican), Fernando rosa guimarães (angloamerican)
Abstract:
Geometallurgy has been developed in the mineral industry because it is a tool to study deposits and minerals more and more complex, besides allowing the creation of integrated information systems. Anglo American Iron Ore Brazil operates in the mining of low grades iron ore in Conceição do Mato Dentro. This study undertook analyzes of the results of the Geometallurgical Program of Minas Rio - Anglo American for 294 samples of drilling holes which include 6 lithologies (CGM, HM, IC, ISC, IF e AIF). Crushing, grinding, energy requirements, desliming and flotation tests were carried out. From the results of the tests, a geometric model covering a region of the field of 2021 was created allowing to evaluate three-dimensionally the behavior of the geometallurgical variables, but also obtaining predictability on the mine plan.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Cassio Barbosa (Instituto Nacional de tecnologia (INT)), alan menezes do nascimento (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT)), claudio teodoro dos santos (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia)
Abstract:
EBSD analysis enables the obtention of several crystallographic data, which allow the mapping of phases with different crystalline structures, even with very similar chemical composition, preferential crystallographic textures / orientations, grain size, sub-grains and local disorientations in micro regions, among other data . It allows obtaining, on a micrometric scale, data which are obtained with X-ray diffraction on a macrometric scale. The incidence of the diffracted beam of electrons scattered on a phosphor screen produces in it the so-called Kikuchi bands, which, when indexed by computational methods, generate the patterns that originate the so-called maps, which allow the disclosure of crystallographic information. The computational development of the last decades (hardware and software) has accelerated the processes of obtaining, calibrating and indexing the standards used in the crystallographic analysis of crystalline materials, carried out using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD: Electron Back Scatter Diffraction), from the incidence of a beam of primary electrons, generated in a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The objective of this work is to contribute to expand the dissemination of this technique, presenting some theoretical concepts and some practical results of analyzes carried out, for illustrative purposes.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): tadeu messias donizete borba (USIMINAS), Felipe Pereira Finamor (USIMINAS), Louriel Oliveira Vilarinho (UFU)
Abstract:
The interactions of different alloying elements in the chemical composition of the metallic alloys, associated with the application of thermal cycles and/or welding operations has a significant impact on microstructural characteristics and in the mechanical properties of materials. The continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams, generally obtained through dilatometric tests, describe the phase transformation in a specific alloy during the application of thermal cycles. However, this methodology requires long periods of time added to specialized equipment and knowledge and can not be taken as a tool for a fast decision making. This work presents a Machine Learning developed and validated model for predict the austenite decomposition during continuous cooling, based on a set of experimental CCT diagrams of different weld metals available in the literature. The results proved that the CCT predicted by a Machine Learning approach can be a promising tool to assist the study of microstructural changes that occur during the continuous cooling of weld metals and complemented to the dilatometric analysis reducing time and cost of experiments and providing fast and assertive responses that could help in the development of welding procedures.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Bruno Fernandes Mudesto (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Fernanda Mitke M. L. R. H. Rocha (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Juan Carlos Sacramento de Souza (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Daniel Alexandre da Costa Ximenes (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Vinícius Santiago Fernandes (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
Realize the properties of the steel sheet straightener roller is of utmost importance to understand wich kind of material that makes up this item, as well as having resources to specify its purchase in case of breakage or need of replacement. The application of characterization methods, through laboratory analysis, is what expresses the properties presented by the analyzed material. It was by laboratory analyses that information about chemical composition, microhardness and identification of the roll's constituent microstructure were obtained. In possession of the results obtained, bibliographic research was carried out, consulting the regulatory standards for steel manufacturing and specification, in order to identify whether the data presented by the studied component fit within any of these standardized specifications. Comparing the values obtained with the values presented in the 51CrV4 steel specification, it was possible to conclude that all the characteristics presented fit within the limits established by the standards, thus leading to the understanding that the base metal used to manufacture the roll studied can be characterized as a 51CrV4.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): hugo labbate galvão (ge digital), marcos oliveira fonseca (ge digital), deusdedit motta (ge digital), felipe rezende de carvalho (wabtec corporation), walter piotto (baker hughes)
Abstract:
The use of technologies for failures early detection has been one of the biggest objectives of the industry in the actual era of digitalization and Asset Management. Specifically, for maintenance purposes, there are several software available to process a large quantity of data to provide diagnostics and suggest actions. However, to promote a real digital transformation, a more complete approach is necessary, from the sensors installed at the equipment and processes up to the software responsible to generate the added value information. This paper covers a solution applied at reciprocating pumps in which this approach was implemented, denominated here as “End-to-End Solution”, exemplifying the results achieved with this solution. It is presented since instrumentation definition up to the Cloud based analytics software layer. It is presented also the application of a Simulator to accelerate the solution development and to support its validation.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 9:25 AM - 6/8/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Diego Tolotti de Almeida - Research, Development and Innovation Supervisor from Bruning
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Haroldp Carvalho Costa (LYNX OTIMIZACAO DE PROCESSOS S.A)
Abstract:
The Remote Safety Blocking System is intended for locomotives, rail shunting or maintenance vehicles, and other rail vehicles. It remotely provides an efficient blockage against movements, with high operational security and at a viable cost for small, medium and large fleets. For that end, it applies a wireless network incorporated into control devices with an optimized size that are robust in operation, resistance and security, and a software capable of providing redundant security, operational performance in low to medium signal latency networks, and which have a record of operations to analyze process metrics and KPIs generation. The greatest challenge was meeting all operational, security and cost requirements, the most complicated being the need to adapt the system to existing standards and norms for security blocking. During the tests and after the implementation of the MVP, the impossibility of using wireless networks in the 2.4GHz frequency was uncovered, due to the climatic characteristics of certain regions. Given the specificities of the network, the resulting product for the proposed solution met all operational, safety and cost requirements, ensuring efficiency, accuracy and operational safety for maintenance activities of freight or passenger wagons inside and outside workshops, protection for service fronts on the railways and during boarding at passenger stations.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Márcio Fernandes da Cunha Rodrigues (redemat), Paulo Santos Assis (UFOP-REdemat-abm), Elisangela M Leal (UFOP)
Abstract:
This study aims the technical application of thermoelectricity in the steelmaking industry based on the Seebeck effect that is focusing on the cogeneration of energy from the thermal energy, which is not usually recovered during the process. In this context, the opportunity to recover thermal energy is presented in conditions where there is difficulty in recovery, mainly due to the lack of heat capture capacity, minimizing the indirect impact on processes, improving efficiency and reducing expenditure on electricity from other sources. The implantation of a thermoelectric generator module allows steady in the generation of electric energy for thousands of hours in addition to the simplicity of installation and low maintenance cost.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): ANTONIO AUGUSTO GORNI (Autônomo), marcelo arantes rebellato (rms - rolling mill solutions), Leonardo Magalhães Silvestre (companhia brasileira de metalurgia e mineração)
Abstract:
Manganese is a ubiquitous alloy element in structural steels, where it suppresses the hot brittleness caused by sulfur, promotes solid solution hardening and increases the pearlite fraction in the microstructure, consequently increasing its mechanical strength. However, at levels above 1%, it presents some inconveniences, such as the rephosphorization of liquid steel and greater damage to refractories in oxygen steelworks without ladle furnaces. Another problem is its strong tendency to segregate at the center of the thickness of continuously cast slabs. Even so, the intensification of Asian demand for high-strength structural steels has been promoting an increase in their manganese contents, which is increasing the consumption and, obviously, the price of its ferroalloys. Therefore, this situation prompted the emergence of new alloy designs, having motivated the development of many studies, both on laboratory and industrial scale, to design alternative compositions for structural steels where manganese is partially replaced by niobium, without affecting product performance, reducing its price and carbon footprint, and without necessarily requiring the use of controlled rolling. This paper reviews the results of such developments.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): gabriela ribeiro apolonio (usiminas)
Abstract:
The development of SAE1045 cold-rolled steel for application in the mechanical construction industry aims to meet the sector of the flat steel market that has become more demanding in terms of the quality of the material acquired, related mainly to the dimensional characteristics and mechanical properties. The hot rolling process generates in the coil a fine pearlitic microstructure that gives the steel a high degree of resistance, reaching a yield strength up to 600Mpa. Consequently, this steel exceeds the capacity defined in the project of the Tandem Cold Mill at Usiminas’ Cubatão plant, which was specified for rolling low carbon steels. For the process of SAE1045 changes were made in the process parameters, mathematical model, mechanical crowning of the work rolls, and in the stands’ cooling system. The changes were aimed at customer service, ensuring the quality of the rolled strip in relation to thickness, flatness, and surface finishing, without compromising the safety of the process and the integrity of the equipment. The rolling process and the quality of the rolled product were satisfactory, serving the customer with quality and repeatable results.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Haysler Apolinário Amoroso Lima (Saint-Gobain)
Abstract:
The performance of a steel shop depends on the stability of its production equipment, and the combined blowing is essential to guarantee the chemical homogeneity of the steel, reducing the total iron of slag (metallic yield), as well as increasing the dephosphorization rate. The combined blowing system consists of the assembly of tuyeres for injection of inert gases from the bottom. Depending on the type of technology, operating conditions and preservation techniques, this system behaves differently. This work sought the implementation of a Monobloc tuyeres system, with operational parameters adjusted for the operation of the Usiminas Steelworks, as well as operational monitoring. Resulting in an increase in the life of the tuyeres, with proven efficiency in reducing the level of oxidation in the steel bath.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): BARBARA LUIZA BORGES MELO (RHI MAGNESITA ), CARLOS PAGLIOSA NETO (RHI MAGNESITA), adão adelcio campos (rhi magnesita), Marcelo Borges Santos (rhi magnesita), Haylander Coelho de Avila (rhi magnesita), Mauro Lucio Resende Verona (rhi magnesita), Vanderlúcio Geraldo Madalena (rhi magnesita)
Abstract:
RH degasser has been widely used to produce ultra-low carbon steel. It involves complex reactions between molten steel, gas, slag and inclusions from refractory. The critical operational conditions have been increased the demand for refractory products with superior performance. Usually various parts of the RH degasser are lined with different grades of magnesia chrome (MgO-Cr2O3) bricks. Direct bonded bricks are mostly used since 1960s and they are known to their corrosion resistance, volume stability and high mechanical properties. The bonding between the grains is enhanced with SiO2 content below 3wt.% and temperatures up to 1700°C. The search for new environmentally friendly process with less energy demands and a reduction in pollution emissions is the driving force of the industry. So, a new binder system for MgO-Cr2O3 bricks was developed to attend the severe demands for RH degassers but just delivered tempered at 200°C. Fast sintering capability allow this technology performing similar to the fired product. This work presents the comparative evaluation of physical and mechanical properties, corrosion and thermal shock resistance of the novel tempered MgO-Cr2O3 bricks with the high temperature fired products. Customers’ performances in field trials are also highlighted.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): JEFERSON LEANDRO KLUG (JEFERSON LEANDRO KLUG (professor UFC)), nestor cezar heck (ufrgs), MATHEUS MENDES (UFC), samuel medeiros (ufc)
Abstract:
The addition of fluoride to mold fluxes results in several beneficial effects, such as improvement of melting and viscosity properties and control of heat transfer in the mold by cuspidine precipitation. The control of heat transfer by the formation of cuspidine has fundamental importance in the production of steels with medium carbon content, preventing the formation of longitudinal cracks. Despite the benefits mentioned, the presence of fluoride can cause damage to the environment and the health of the plant operators, besides causing corrosion of the equipment. Due to this fact, several researchers have been working in the search for alternative, more suitable, components to replace fluoride. In this task, the use of computational tools and experimental validation has been shown to be an efficient method in process optimization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of varying the content of the components Na2O, B2O3 and TiO2 – which stand out as the most promising in fluoride substitution – by means of thermodynamic equilibrium simulations. With the help of FactSage tool, the melting properties and phases formed during the solidification of the slag with the compositions of interest were evaluated. Simulation results have shown good correspondence with the experimental data available in the literature.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): julio cezar de sousa zorzi (Usiminas), Henrique Lacerda Eleutério (Usiminas), Tairine Berbert Tavares (Usiminas)
Abstract:
Usiminas has been continuously working on the development and application of advanced high strength steels (AHSS) for automotive industry, aiming to combine the increase of safety requirements with the reduction of vehicle weight. In this context, the hot stamping process emerged as an alternative route for the production of auto parts with complex geometry and high mechanical strength. It is known that the 2 GPa tensile strength steel can result in a vehicle weight reduction from 15% to 20%, when compared to others hot stamped steels grades. Then, to reach this strength level, it was developed, in laboratory scale, two galvannealed steels with different conceptions, combining chemical composition and microstructure with processing parameters of hot stamping. It was obtained for both steels an excellent structural integrity, compatible with the one required for hot stamped materials. This result allows the application of the developed steels in the automotive industry, according to the VDA 238-100 standard requirements. Moreover, the application of a hot-dip galvannealed coating, suitable for the hot stamping process, enhanced the protection's efficiency against decarburization and oxidation during the stamping process. It also contributed to the increase of corrosion resistance during the auto part life cycle.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Guilherme Gadelha de Sousa (Universidade federal de pernambuco), Petrônio Luiz Cabral de Carvalho Clemente Fernandes (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO), Igor Jordão Marques (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO), helen rodrigues araújo (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO), André de Albuquerque Vicente (universidade de são paulo), Tiago Felipe de Abreu Santos (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO)
Abstract:
This work aims to demonstrate and evaluate a computational model suitability for predicting temperature distribution during friction stir welding of UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel butt joint. The model was constructed using a commercial finite element method software and experimental data from previous works was used for comparative analysis of the simulation results. These welding parameters served as input for the computational modelling considering the stationary heat source in a Eulerian referential. The relations found between the numerical results and those acquired experimentally through thermocouples, optical pyrometer and infrared camera suggest that the proposed computational method coherently predicts thermal history along the welding joint. The model was capable of offsetting limitations from experimental thermal acquisition methods and proved to be an accessible way to complement or replace them.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): gabriel miranda antunes (csp)
Abstract:
Due to the plant's need to carry out direct shipment of slabs, a study was carried out to increase the efficiency of the Deburrer in order to guarantee a higher performance index for the equipment and avoid reworking in the scarfing sector. The work was developed by the PDCA methodology through opportunities for improvement arising from the cause analysis (RFCA) which we started from an efficiency of 93% in 2017 to 99.7% in 2021
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Leonardo Silveira (GERDAU - CHARQUEADAS)
Abstract:
There is a large quantity of practical engineering applications that have not yet been tackled by the most recent innovations of deep learning, with these been architecture breakthroughs enabling the successful training of very deep neural networks. In this paper, we present a framework for determining the temperature of the heat treatment process of tempering of hot-rolled steel bars, and being mostly inspired by the computer vision field, we describe the design of a deep residual network for this regression problem. Residual neural networks as deep as 100 layers were successfully trained, and near human-level performance was achieved by an ensemble of the best models, being able to predict the heat treatment temperature parameters for 41 different steel qualities. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the models presented in this paper are the deepest in the literature employed for the definition of heat treatment temperature.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 9:50 AM - 6/8/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Carlos Humberto Sartori - Application Engineering and Technical Advisory Specialist at Villares Metals; Luiz Roberto Hirschheimer - Co-owner at Hirschheimer Service
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 10:40 AM
Presenter(s): Geraldo Ferreira (altech)
Abstract:
The modern steel plant is a far cry from steel plants of the previous century. Although the processes haven’t changed that much from a metallurgical point of view, the implementation, of sensors, PLC’s SCADAs and other process control technologies have meant that there is an abundance of detailed information about the process that have not been in the past. It is indeed now the case that there is so much data generated, that the current resources available to steelmakers cannot handle it appropriately. Over the last decade however a new technology called BDA have come to the forefront that can solve this analysis paralysis conundrum that complicated systems face. AST-BDA is passionate about applying these tools and techniques, through the unique AST-BDA coaching methodology, in the industrial, and more specifically the steelmaking environment, for the benefit of steelmakers. This paper will help the reader to understand how to optimize the process with BDA and find his/her path in a new era of improvement (predictive maintenance, productivity, cost and quality), toward the age of artificial intelligence.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): valter roberto de moura neto (senai cimatec), alex álisson bandeira santos (senai cimatec)
Abstract:
In view of its increasing use today, industrial combustion has become an object of study to be explored, as it presents great advantages inherent to its process, in addition to the disadvantage with regard to the emission of polluting gases. In this sense, oxygen-enriched combustion technology (OEC) has the assumption of being incorporated into electric power generation systems, as it improves energy efficiency, as well as decreases pollutants, especially on a metallurgical scale, where it is very useful in regarding the optimization of heat transfer processes. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to analyze the economic feasibility and option of expanding the use of OEC in the burning of natural gas, in thermoelectric applications that operate in combined cycle, with low oxygen content and in the range of 3 (three) Megawatts of rated power; considering the Theory of Real Options. The initial step for the analyzes was the construction of a Discounted Cash Flow (FCD), without considering the project's flexibilities, and from there to carry out an assessment of the Real Option, based on the estimate of the project's volatility. The analyzes indicated the feasibility for the implementation of the project and the option for expansion, in which the value of the project had an increase of 23.8%, and a value of R$ 29,537,396.60; and an Internal Rate of Return of 20.16%; in addition, the payback time (simple payback) was 7.76 years. Thus, it was confirmed that the project is economically viable, also considering the metrics of the risks and uncertainties for the Net Present Value (NPV).
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): emerson eustaquio costa (ENACOM)
Abstract:
This paper provides a computationally efficient nonlinear method for solving the turbine unit commitment for a single hydropower plant. It proposes a new heuristic method which are strongly rooted in some analytical results. Based on the dual decomposition optimization strategy it is analytically derived a closed-form solution for the number of generating units as well as the power allocated to each unit, providing the basis of a robust heuristic optimization method. The objective is to maximize the generated energy given the discharge, water head, the entire plant downstream flow, the variable discharge upper limit, the unit efficiency curves, and the prohibited operating zones. Numerical tests in real-world plants are presented, and they show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, generating considerably higher energy for the same water discharge. It is also compared with a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) approach, providing a speed-up of 1,000 times. The formulation presented in this paper is operating in a commercial program that is currently applied in the operation of 18 hydropower plants, including Belo Monte power plant, which has 24 generation units
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): AMAURI MENEZES LELA JUNIOR (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Elisangela Martins Leal (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Paulo santos assis (universidade federal de ouro preto)
Abstract:
The steelmaking industry is of fundamental importance in the Brazilian energy context, characterized as one of the great consumers of electricity in the country. To be competitive in the global market, the steelmaking industry needs to show an excellent strategic plan. This plan includes efficient energy planning, seeking a better use of resources and low environmental impacts and operational costs. The Rankine cycle thermoelectric power plants of the integrated steel industry demonstrate great economic potential, as they make use of the process's own waste gases. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of the operational parameters of the condenser and the turbine on the final power of the Rankine cycle, using a computational model created through GE Gatecycle software. The results obtained showed a negative influence (-5%) of the cooling water temperature increase used in the condenser in the net cycle power, as well as a positive influence (+20%) in the increase of the vapor superheat temperature, at constant pressure. Other thermodynamic pairs were proposed for comparison with the case study, finding a better configuration using 6 MPa and 480 ºC of pressure and temperature, respectively. It was also possible to evaluate and discuss the operation of the thermal unit in order to know the equipment and conditions that show the best performance.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Reinaldo de almeida rodrigues (Hitachi astemo), BRUNO DA CRUZ CARDOSO (Hitachi astemo), CHARLON WILDSON LEITE COSTA (Hitachi astemo), ADLON FARIAS DA ROCHA (Hitachi astemo), ANDREWS RAPHAEL DA SILVA VIEIRA (Hitachi astemo), JHONATAS SANTOS MORAIS (Hitachi astemo), EDSON DANY BATISTA PISA (Hitachi astemo)
Abstract:
The threading process is carried out on several industrialized products in the intermediate and final stages of production processes in the metalworking industries. The quality of the assembly of industrialized products is directly linked to the dimensional finishing and mechanical resistance of these parts. The study of the behavior of internal threads is important, since they are widely used as a fastener. The fact that the forming process will present the research to the machining process highlights the need for further study regarding the differences between these two processes, from the point of view of the strength of the formed threads. Therefore, this work has the objective of a comparative study of the behavior of external threads M9X1,25-6g, in samples by SAE 1045, when manufactured by the machining and rolling processes. In order to carry out this comparison, the axial tensile, microhardness and profile dimensioning tests were performed.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): ARGOS YONEDA COLETTI (GERDAU Summit), Hugo Ricardo Zschommler Sandim (EEL-USP)
Abstract:
SAE 5120 steel is largely used to manufacture transmission gears and shafts for automotive industry. Alloying with niobium and boron is intentionally made to modify the microstructure and, consequently, promoting changes in metallurgical and mechanical proprieties. Alloying with niobium inhibits austenite grain growth (Zener pinning effect), leading to an increase of productivity since higher rolling mill and heat treatment temperatures can be employed. Boron can be found either in the soluble form or insoluble in steels. On one hand, soluble boron increases hardness because it segregates to grain boundaries retarding the nucleation of ferrite. Insoluble boron, on the other hand, also prevents austenite grain growth due to its chemical reaction with N forming BN whose dissolution temperature is around 1360ºC. The main target of this work was to evaluate the kinetics of phase transformations by continuous cooling transformation (CCT) from the austenitic field (930oC). The microstructure was analyzed by light optical microscopy and Vickers hardness testing, allowing building the CCT diagrams with different cooling rates. Thermo-Calc software allowed to predict the thermodynamically stable phases, proving that boron and niobium form stable precipitates at high temperatures (above 1150ºC). The hardenability and mechanical properties were investigated by Jominy and Brugger impact tests, respectively. Alloying effects were analyzed by linear regression using Minitab software.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): ALINE DE CASSIA ARAUJO COSTA (GERDAU ACOMINAS SA)
Abstract:
Rolling rolls are one of the most expensive inputs in a rolling mill area, and rolls with the best performance need to be developed, so that they are able to stay longer in the rolling mill, have less wear and have less impact on the final cost of the rolled product. In the case of backup rolls, the main function is to prevent flexing of the working rolls. These rolls are forged steel and have a more refined structure compared to cast iron rolls. This paper aims at evaluating the effect of adding higher chrome content to the backup rolls. This alloy element forms more stable carbides and increases the microstructure hardness and the wear resistance. Two grades of backup rolls were evaluated, one with 3% and the other with 5% of chrome, we compared the wear curve of each rolls, the hardness measurement, the roughness after grinding and after the rolling and the performance were compared. The results obtained showed a much higher performance of the 5% chrome backup rolls, due to its higher wear resistance and a slightly higher hardness and a larger carbide fraction, which brings a much greater productivity gain in the mill.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): angelica paola de oliveira lopes (bruning tecnometal), Daniela Bertol (Bruning Tecnometal), Diego Tolotti de almeida (bruning Tecnometal)
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Reinaldo de almeida rodrigues (Hitachi astemo), ANDREWS RAPHAEL DA SILVA VIEIRA (ANDREWS.PESSOAL@GMAIL.COM), CHARLON WILDSON LEITE COSTA (Hitachi astemo), ADLON FARIAS DA ROCHA (Hitachi astemo), BRUNO DA CRUZ CARDOSO (Hitachi astemo), JHONATAS SANTOS MORAIS (Hitachi astemo), EDSON DANY BATISTA PISA (Hitachi astemo)
Abstract:
FORGED CARBON STEELS ARE WIDELY USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COMPONENTS FOR MOTORCYCLES PRODUCED IN THE INDUSTRIAL POLE OF MANAUS (PIM) AND THEIR PERFORMANCE IN MACHINING CONDITIONS, FOR EXAMPLE, HAS BEEN IMPROVED THROUGH A CONTROL IN THE MANUFACTURE OF THESE PARTS THAT ARE FORGED. THUS, THE METALLURGICAL PROCESSES THAT AFFECT THE BEHAVIOR DURING THE MACHINING PROCESS HAVE BEEN WIDELY STUDIED IN ORDER TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY IN THE PROCESSES. THE OBJECTIVE IN THE MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES BETWEEN HOT FORGED SAE 1035 STEEL SAMPLES, ONE SAMPLE BEING NORMALIZED AFTER THE FORGING PROCESS AND THE OTHER NON-STANDARDIZED. FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE DIFFERENCES, THE MICROSTRUCTURES WERE COMPARED WITH CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ASTM GRAIN SIZE, VICKERS MICROHARDNESS MAPPING AND RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS IN THE PART GEOMETRY
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Fabricio damasceno braga (Universidade federal do ceará), elineudo pinho de moura (universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
In the search for better predictability of steels' mechanical properties, it is necessary to use increasingly advanced techniques aiming at a lower cost and accessible production. Through the use of artificial neural networks (ANN), the present work sought to relate non-linear and complex characteristics that exist between the various variables of steel production process inputs such as chemical compositions and lamination parameters and the output variables as yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (EL). For comparative purposes, a radial basis functions neural network (RBFN) works as a non-linear estimator, and multiple linear regression (MLR), a technique widely used in industry, as a linear model. The performances were quantified through the determination coefficient (R2) and the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), achieving optimal results and fully applicable to a real problem.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): THAISSA SAMPAIO NUNES (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), juciane maria alves (Centro Brasileiro de pesquisas físicas), Luiz paulo mendonça brandão (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Mechanical forming processes, such as cold rolling, introduce internal stresses throughout the materials thickness. They are widely used to produce equipment parts. Thus, residual stresses analysis in these components is extremely important, as beneficial, or harmful stresses can be generated during forming. Depending on their nature and magnitude, crack growth can be speeded up or delayed. Therefore, this study investigated the residual stresses in cold-rolled electrolytic copper, with different levels of thickness reduction obtained by cold rolling, utilizing X-ray diffraction technique. The residual stress was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Crystallite size, displacement density, and material hardness were also evaluated. Copper as received and after cold rolling of 20, 40, and 60% reduction showed compressive stress state. Low magnitude variation was observed between samples with reductions of 20 and 40%. It was inferred that these samples probably suffered a dynamic recovery effect, which can be observed through the results of residual stress and microhardness. There was observed a decrease in crystallite size and an increase in dislocation density with increasing cold rolling reduction. The effects of the micro and residual stress macro in the rolled samples from the peak profile analysis of the X-ray pattern.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Elton volkers do espírito santo (Instituto federal do espírito Santo), SILAS GAMBARINE SOARES (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), EDUARDO JUNCA (UNIVERSIDADE DO EXTREMO SUL CATARINENSE), FELIPE FARDIN GRILLO (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), JOSÉ ROBERTO DE OLIVEIRA (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
The steel production enhancement in recent decades has increased the solid waste generation in the steel plants. Due to the increase in the environmental policies stringency, efforts have been made to give them a more appropriate destination. In this context, the internal reuse of these materials is a solution often applied by the industry to reduce production costs and to decrease slag generation. Therefore, the work aim is to replace calcitic lime by limestone fine and KR slag in hot metal desulfurization, which are residues from steel production. Experimental desulfurization tests were carried out in a resistance furnace at a temperature of 1350°C, in an inert atmosphere with constant stirring of 500 rpm. Along with the tests, simulations were carried out with FactSage 7.0 software in order to obtain the phases present in each mixture at the working temperature and compare them with the practical results. It was found that the tricalcium silicate phase (3CaO.SiO2) was present in mixtures with lower desulfurization efficiency, which shows its kinetic limitation. The use of limestone fine proved to be more efficient than the use of KR slag. Therefore, it is recommended its use only in low proportions.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
The present work aims to evaluate the importance of using a variable injection rate of a sulfur reduction process in hot metal pans that gives efficiency with a lower operating cost with the reduction of the specific consumption of the desulphurizing agent. The result obtained through this study can be practically applied in the operational process through a pig desulphurization procedure, wich provides better operational and economic conditions, reaching results that can be extended to other desulphurization units existing in the various plants around the world. The samples were analysed by LECO S230 equipment. It proved that the reduction process offered economic gains for the steel industry allied to an economy of insumes and time of process.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Cynara Christ Klippel (IFES)
Abstract:
The objective of this work was to study the influence of raw materials used in the production of steel in BOF on the increase in the sulfur content of steel. For analysis of the raw materials, tests were carried out with different mixtures based on CAO and MgO The proposal for information on the mixtures was to maintain the final slag mass, and vary the amount of each material to be added, as it is industrially added. For each experiment, the variation of sulfur over the time of the experiment was verified. It was observed that the mixtures with basicity 3.2 lower sulfur reversion, as they obtained: CaO activity equal to 1, higher percentage of solid phase and viscosity and lower equilibrium sulfur content. It was observed that the mixtures with basicity 3.2 lower sulfur reversion, as they obtained: CaO activity equal to 1, higher percentage of solid phase and viscosity and lower equilibrium sulfur content.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Cynara Christ Klippel (IFES)
Abstract:
The work aims to analyze the speed of the sulfur reversion reaction for mixtures based on Cao and MgO. Tests were carried out with different mixtures, varying the amount of each material to be added, as it is industrially added. Metal samples were collected to verify the variation in the sulfur content of the steel over the time of the experiment. It was observed that the raw materials that had the greatest reversal were the ones that had the greatest speeds. For all mixtures, reversal occurred within the first 5 minutes. In the case of these raw materials studied, the mixtures with basicity 3.2 presented less sulfur reversion, as they were the ones that obtained: higher percentage of solid phase and viscosity, which decreases the value of the velocity constant K.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): DANIEL RODRIGUES OLIVEIRA (Instituto federal do pará), Suelen Mendonça Camargo (IFPA)
Abstract:
In today's world, the need for new technologies that meet the growing demand of the market and industry is seen daily. Therefore, in the area of materials engineering, the aluminum alloy stands out among the others, as it has excellent mechanical characteristics, which facilitates its application in different situations. In the present work, we started from the hypothesis that during the solidification process of aluminum alloys if we submitted an aluminum alloy to different cooling conditions after casting, we could enhance and improve its mechanical properties. For this purpose, we cast the aluminum alloy Al – 6061, poured and cooled down using: oil, water, ambient air and compressed air. We subject the molten samples to sanding and chemical attack and finally evaluate their macro and microstructureIn the end, it was possible to observe in the macrography check, different morphologies and the occurrence of porosities, there were greater formations in the sample cooled by compressed air. In the micrograph samples, all showed very different grain formation from each other. We concluded that the ingots under different cooling resulted in different morphologies and microstructures; in oil-cooled samples it was possible to identify the phases present in the alloy.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Anderson pereira martins (Instituto federal do espírito santo), cristiano pessotti del carro (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), marcelo lucas pereira machado (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
This study was evaluate the effect of deformation temperature (855°C, 800°C, 760°C, 680°C e 580°C) in strain induced ferrite transformation in AISI 1020 steel, in wich a hot torsion teste was performed. The critical process temperature was determined by the method of multiple deformations in continuous cooling, while the temperature was determined by applying a mathematical model of literature. Through the tests performed, the flow curves of temperature of deformation was determined and it was noticed that above of the temperature there is a change in the softening mechanism which is attributed to the influence of dynamic transformation of ferrite, knowing that at high temperatures ferrite has lower resistence than austenite. It is seen that for temperatures less than 855°C there is a decrease in peak strain that precedes a drop in stress for high deformations, this reveals that deformation temperature had an influence in dynamic mechanism transformation of austenite-ferrite.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): ANDREY ESCALA ALVES (UENF - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), LIOUDMILA ALEKSANDROVNA MATLAKHOVA (UENF - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), HERVAL RAMOS PAES JÚNIOR (UENF - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), EDUARDO ATEM DE CARVALHO (UENF - UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), NATALIA ALEKSEEVNA PALII (A.A. BAIKOV INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE)
Abstract:
THE INFLUENCE OF ANNEALING TEMPERATURE VARIATION (350ºC, 450ºC, 550ºC AND 650ºC) FOLLOWED BY COLD WATER QUENCHING ON THE STRUCTURE, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY OF A TINI ALLOY (51.6 AT.%TI) WAS INVESTIGATED. X-RAY DIFFRACTION REVEALED THE PRESENCE OF B19´ AND TI2NI PHASES PRIOR AND AFTER DEFORMATION. THE INTERMEDIATE PHASE R WAS IDENTIFIED AFTER QUENCHING AT 350ºC, 450ºC AND 550ºC AND AFTER DEFORMATION OF THE SAMPLE ANNEALED AT 650ºC. THE HIGH TEMPERATURE PHASE B2 WAS IDENTIFIED AFTER HEAT TREATMENT AT 550ºC AND 650ºC. THE BEST ACCUMULATED STRAIN RATIO (6.1%) COMBINED WITH HIGH COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (2845MPA) WAS OBTAINED IN THE SAMPLE ANNEALED AT 550ºC. THE ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY VARIED BETWEEN 70.9 AND 78.5 10-6Ω.CM IN THE NON-DEFORMED CONDITION, RESULTING FROM THE DIFFERENT PARTICIPATION OF THE PHASES IN THE STRUCTURE AFTER QUENCHING. A DECREASE IN ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY WAS OBSERVED AFTER MECHANICAL DEFORMATION TO 59.9 AND 71.7 10-6Ω.CM DUE TO THE STRESS-INDUCED TRANSFORMATION R->B19'. THUS, TI-RICH TINI ALLOYS SEEM TO BE SENSITIVE TO DIFFERENT HEAT TREATMENT APPLIED.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): EUSTAQUIO DE SOUZA BAETA JR (Universidade Estácio de sá), Ramón Alves Botelho (Instituto Militar de engenharia), Letícia dos santos aguilera (Universidade do estado do rio de janeiro), Leonardo Sales Araújo (Universidade federal do rio de janeiro), Luiz Paulo Mendonça Brandão (Instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The advanced high strength steels (AHSS) of the FeMnAlC system are produced aiming at different combinations of multiphase microstructures, involving in most cases , and α ferrites, austenite (γ), carbides and intermetallics, becoming one of the most promising grades for use in vehicles. Most of these alloys have enough aluminum contents to stabilize δ-ferrite at room temperature and, due to recent and little explored development, the production route of these materials is not completely understood. This work aimed to verify the microstructural modification through hot rolling of 4 different FeMnAlCNb alloys varying the temperature of the finishing rolling between 900ºC and 1050ºC. The compositions were melted and hot rolled (roughing and finishing steps) and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and hardness. The samples presented processing quality compatible with that presented by the industry. Although there were no large variations in microstructures, there was a significant change in hardness
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Gabriella maria silveira de sá (uff)
Abstract:
This paper generalizes previous work of Rios and Villa on spherical growth. The generalized equation applies to nucleation of ellipsoids according to an inhomogeneous Poisson point process. Microstructural evolution in three dimensions of nucleation and growth transformations of ellipsoids is simulated using the causal cone method. In the simulation, nuclei are located in space according to an inhomogeneous Poisson point process. The transformed regions grow with oblate ellipsoidal shapes. The ellipsoids have their corresponding axes parallel. The simulation and the exact analytical solution are in excellent agreement. Microstructures generated by the computer simulation are displayed.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): GERALDO LUCIO DE FARIA (Universidade federal de ouro preto), Heitor Vieira Dâmaso (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto), Leonardo Barbosa Lazarini Silva Ribeiro (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Aparecida Silva Magalhães (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
This work presents the development of an apparatus capable of simulating stable conditions of subzero temperatures aiming to perform mechanical tests. Due to the high cost of commercial equipment for the same purpose, it was proposed to create an apparatus based on the use of low-cost components coupled to a supervisory software. After the successful apparatus manufacturing, tests were carried out, proving the stable control of negative temperatures down to -170°C, with a maximum isotherm deviation of ±1.4°C. Tensile tests were also performed on A36 steel at temperatures: room temperature, 0°C, -50°C and -100°C in order to demonstrate the equipment functionality and effectiveness in the material mechanical testing area. The obtained results were analyzed and compared with experimental data, about mechanical behavior of different steel types at low temperatures, available the in technical literature. The efficiency and reliability of the developed apparatus was confirmed. This apparatus enables research and studies in several knowledge areas that need to simulate stable conditions at low temperatures, for instance assessments about the mechanical behavior of materials to be used in regions with unfavorable weather.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): GERALDO LUCIO DE FARIA (Universidade federal de ouro preto), Denilson Pereira de Melo (universidade federal de ouro preto), Paulo Sérgio Moreira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
Environmental regulations are increasingly strict in relation to the emission of pollutants by vehicles. For this reason, the car manufacturers had to think about solutions to continue offering powerful, but less polluting engines. In this scenario, there is a worldwide trend to replace the classic aspirated engines with turbine engines. Due to the implementation of the turbo system, the maximum working temperatures of some exhaust components increase from 900°C to 1050°C and, consequently, the material selection for their manufacture is critical. In this context, this work evaluated the creep behavior (Sag Test) of the ferritic stainless steel AISI 441, generally used in the manufacture of collectors and catalysts for aspirated engine vehicles, comparing it with the performance of AISI 321 austenitic stainless steel. The creep behavior of AISI 321 and AISI 441 steels is similar at temperatures of 900°C and 950°C. However, at 1000°C, AISI 441 steel presented a significant behavior change, reaching a maximum arrow of 26mm after 100h of testing, while AISI 321 steel showed only 5mm. Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that AISI 441 steel presents limited creep performance for application in automotive exhausts with turbo engine.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): João Victor Lucas Amim (UFMG), Jéssica Dornelas Silva (ufmg), Pedro Damas Resende (ufmg), Natália Isabel de Azevedo Lopes (Braskem), Leandro de Arruda Santos (ufmg), Vicente Tadeu Lopes Buono (ufmg)
Abstract:
NiTi alloys are known for their superelasticity and shape memory effect. During their use, they are frequently subjected to cyclic stress, which result in fatigue failures. Several thermal and thermomechanical treatments are performed in NiTi wires and strips to achieve the desired mechanical and functional properties, creating oxidized layers on their surfaces. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the flexural fatigue resistance, at different maximum deformations, of NiTi wires before and after submitting them to chemical pickling. Significant differences on the fatigue life could only be observed in wires subjected to maximum deformations of 1%. In this case, the performed pickling procedure was harmful for the fatigue resistance, suggesting the production of a low-quality surface. For maximum deformations of 2% and higher, similar number of cycles to failure were achieved for both tested conditions. For that, the surface quality had no influence and, hence, it is suggested that the fatigue life in these conditions is controlled by crack propagation.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): naiara vieira le sénéchal (Instituto militar de engenharia), Patrícia Freitas Rodrigues (University of Coimbra), ygor pereira lima (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Rodolfo da silva Teixeira (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Thiago Henrique Fernandes Dias Ferrão (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Francisco Manuel Braz Fernandes (universidade nova de lisboa), andersan dos santos paula (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
In this study, samples of a homogenized NiTi alloy, rich in Ni, were used in order to evaluate the hot deformation steps influence in the microstructure in different regions of the material. The manufacturing history, the strain rates and temperatures employed in thermomechanical treatment alter some factors such as the local chemical composition, the reduction of defects, the temperatures of direct transformation/ reverse transformation and the functional and mechanical properties, such as the memory shape effect and superelasticity. The alloy in this study was subjected to hot deformation, by means of a hot compression test in-situ in a thermomechanical simulator, with deformation rates in order of 10-1 s-1 and 10-2 s-1, at 850 °C. The Optical Microscopy allowed the analysis of structural changes in the different regions of deformation of the samples.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): julianna magalhães garcia (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), ANDREY DE MORAES BARCELOS CASANOVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), LUIZ PAULO MENDONÇA BRANDÃO (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Observations were made about the precipitation and microstructural changes of an AISI 310 austenitic steel welded through TIG process using a coated electrode - ER of steel 310. Innovating by the use of a similar ER 310 weld, replacing the Ni-based dissimilar weld , Inconel 625, widely used and studied for the welding of AISI 310 steels, however the latter, with the disadvantage of its higher cost. For the study, microhardness, ferritoscopy tests, evaluation by ThermoCalc and SEM-EDS were performed on the samples as received and after welding. As shown by the microhardness results, the weld material showed lower values than the base material, as well as the results of the ferritoscopy technique indicated a higher percentage of ferrite (magnetic phase) in the base metal. To investigate these changes, images as well as mappings were obtained through SEM / EDS. It was observed that there was a change in the microstructure of the base material, suggesting the inclusion of chromium carbide, thus causing the phenomenon of sensitization. Thereby, if applied, mainly the welded component at high temperatures, this precipitation would be a weakening factor of the material and limiting its service life, thus bringing an important discussion for this material, widely used in thermoelectric, nuclear and oil refineries.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): VIVIANE TAVARES de Moraes (IMT), Thamiris Auxiliadora Gonçalves Martins (escola politecnica da usp), Susana Marracini Giampietri Lebrão (instituto mauá de tecnologia), Guilherme Wolf lebrão (instituto mauá de tecnologia), denise crocce romano espinosa (escola politecnica da usp)
Abstract:
The diversity of materials found in waste electrical and electronic equipment, especially printed circuit boards (PCBs) has encouraged urban mining in search of recovering high value-added metals. However, the composition of these residues is broad and requires prior characterization in order to identify ways of treating metal recovery. The main objective of this study is the characterization of REEEs and to propose a sequential characterization process, which initially involves the processing of residues, followed by granulometric analysis, ICP, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDS, X-ray diffraction. The results show that the average composition of the PCBs was 40.43 ± 5.68% of metals; 30.60 ± 2.55% of polymers; and 28.97 ± 3.18% of ceramic materials
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): igor de oliveira godinho (arcelormittal)
Abstract:
The application of quality tools for the investigation of defects in production processes is essential for the reduction of scrap rates. The manufacturing of parts produced by casting processes is known by its variety of parameters that may affect the quality of the parts. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the application of the Ishikawa Diagram and 5 Whys on the scrap rates of a Foundry Workshop. Based on the production indicators, it was possible to calculate the scrap rates in the period considered in the study. The study shows that the scrap rate was reduced from 2,4% to 1,9% after the application of the quality tools. This result represents an expressive monetary value.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Michelle Souza Oliveira (uNIVERSIDADE ESTÁCIO DE SÁ)
Abstract:
The worldwide pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) drove the modification of economic, relational and, consequently, labor relations in the whole of society. Due to the exponential growth in the numbers of people affected by the disease and the high levels of contamination, a state of public calamity was established in Brazil. This fact demanded measures from the government to contain the spread of the virus, among them the easing of labor laws, as well as several questions were raised regarding labor rights and non-coverage by the rules on these issues. With this, the present work aims to make a brief survey of the situation of workers in the area of health and civil construction, the benefits deliberate to them, as well as a review of laws, policies, standards, international recommendations and articles in the scope of Health and Workplace safety.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): YCARO JORGE MAIA DA COSTA ( )
Abstract:
In integrated steel manufacturing plants, by-product combustible gases from industrial processes constitute a large part of the energy balance of this type of company, enabling greater sustainability, energy efficiency and cost reduction regarding fuels purchasing. However, the processes of generation and distribution of these gases represents risks of fires and explosions potentially catastrophic for people, assets and industrial operations. Therefore, these activities require monitoring and strict control of quality parameters in order to act in a preventive manner to avoid the formation of explosive gas mixture. In this context, the Limiting Oxygen Concentration (LOC), according to the standard No. 69 of 2019 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA 69 - 2019), is reinforced as the main control parameter of combustible gas explosivity. Particularly for mixtures with varied composition the determination of this parameter becomes fundamentally more complex according to the number of combustible compounds, since each type needs a different oxygen ratio for the mixture to become flammable. In this work, technically based on the NFPA 69 – 2019 standard, the LOCs of typical compositions for Coke Oven Gas (COG), Blast Furnace Gas (BFG) and Linz Donawitz Gas (LDG) are presented from data collected in these utilities’ distribution processes at integrated steel plant in northeast of Brazil. Based on the guidelines of the same standard, safety recommended levels are presented for installations and equipment Continuously Monitored and Controlled by Safety Interlocks (CMCSI) and non-CMCSI.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): ADRIANA MARQUES NUNES (CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO - FOA)
Abstract:
Purpose: The objective of this work was to develop a characterization method and obtain the value of the modulus of elasticity (E) of gutta-percha (GP) through the dynamic hardness test with loading and unloading. Methods: Conventional GP cone (C), cone impregnated with zirconia oxide, known as bioceramic GP cone (BC), and finally an axial section of a dental root with endodontic treatment filled with bioceramic endodontic cement and bioceramic gutta-percha (BC). The test to obtain the measurement protocol was performed with loads of 10mN, 20mN, 30mN, 50mN and 100mN. After analyzing the impressions on the gutta-percha and the numerical results obtained, it can be concluded that the load of 20mN for the gutta-percha was ideal. Then, after defining the ideal load, the hardness test was performed on the root GP with root canal treatment, where 10 impressions were made along the material, spacing a distance of 200 µm between the impressions, respecting the area that suffers from stresses after the test. The 10 results were subjected to the calculation of the mean and standard deviation of the obtained E values. Results: The E values obtained for the GP C and BC were 1.7MPa and for the root GP in the axial section it was 0.7MPa, using a 20mN load in the hardness test with loading and unloading.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Afonso rangel garcez de azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (uenf), Carlos Mauricio Fontes Vieira (uenf), Victor Souza (uniredentor), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (uniedentor), Thuany Espirito Santo de Lima (ucam), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Leandro Barbosa de Oliveira (UENF)
Abstract:
The current global environmental panorama has shown that the use and management of natural raw material in the manufacture of building materials of great use is a great liability. The production of ceramic artifacts, such as ceramic blocks, consumes a large amount of soil, which due to the high extraction rates has been depleting its deposits in some places. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential use of soil in São Francisco do Itabapoana - RJ, a city close to the Campos production hub, for making ceramic blocks for sealing purposes. Technological properties such as mechanical flexural strength (MFS), water absorption (WA) and linear firing shrinkage (LFS) were evaluated after specimens were made by the extrusion process, burned at temperatures of 750, 850 and 950 oC. The results showed that the evaluated soil has potential for application after sintering at 950 oC
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Aloisio Costa Vieira Junior (uenf), Paula Souza Ferreira (redentor), Thais do Nascimento Oliveira (rendetor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Vivianne Rosestolato Daruich Pereira Tannus (uenf), Victor Barbosa de Souza (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
In order to analyze the materials used in civil construction in the north of the state of Rio de Janeiro, the present article is a result of the studies carried out on different samples of aggregates and ceramic blocks, materials of small unit value, but of great use in the market of works in the whole parents. The tests carried out with the materials were carried out in the laboratory of the Centro Universitário Redentor and UENF, following the standards of ABNT - Brazilian Association of Technical Standards
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): aquiles jorge (instituto militar de engenharia - IME)
Abstract:
The constant optimization of armour seeks a gain in autonomy and transport capacity, without penalizing safety and durability. The present study aims to evaluate the protection performance of silicon carbide hexagonal plates using the Depth of Penetration test (DOP). To analyse the successfulness of the shielding and to solve problems of dynamic behavior of the materials, numerical analyses were performed using the AUTODYN software from ANSYS, based on the finite element method applying explicit integration. The Lagrangian mesh was chosen for modelling the samples. The residual velocity of the projectile after shielding was measured, as well as the total energy and plastic work performed by the system. The SiC plate was able to mischaracterize the perforating profile of the projectile, which resulted in an increase in the plastic work performed by the materials, however it was still considered ineffective for level III shielding. On the other hand, in terms of residual velocity of the projectile, an interesting drop was observed, which suggests that a multilayered armor system with application of SiC plate can be efficient for the proposed level of shielding.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Ariana Silva Azeredo Cruz (UENF), Markssuel teixeira marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), José Alexandre Tostes Linhares Júnior (uenf), Lucas Reis Cruz (uenf), Geovana Carla Girondi Delaqua (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Daiane Cecchin (uff), Jonas Alexandre (uenf), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
Due to the great current concern about the environmental impacts caused by industrial production, and considering not only the potential of using industrial waste as a mineral addition in mortars and concrete, but also the consequent benefits of this practice, this article aimed to investigate the technical feasibility of using residual ash from ceramic production in laying mortars. For this, mortar specimens were produced in the 1: 1: 6 line (cement: hydrated lime: sand), one of which is a reference line, without using the residue, and two with 5 and 10% of residue in place of the cement Portland, respectively. The specimens were subjected to Mass Density tests in the Hardened State, Capillary Water Absorption, Immersion Water Absorption (?), Flexural Tensile and Compression Resistance. The results showed that the performance of mortars with the use of ceramic ash was superior to that of reference mortar in all tests. It was also possible to conclude that the ideal substitution content for the residue is 10% in relation to Portland cement.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): CAROLINA DE SOUZA PIRES COSTA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), beatryz cardoso mendes (universidade federal de viçosa), Pedro Henrique Cota Drumond (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), Beatriz Baiôcco Louzada (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), leonardo gonçalves pedroti (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (universidade estadual do norte fluminense darcy ribeiro)
Abstract:
Tailings from mining activity cause negative environmental impacts, because they are not valuable for the industries and stored in landfills or dams. Thus, they fill large areas, pollute the air and water besides put in risk the safety of population. In light of this context, this research aimed to analyze the technical feasibility of using bauxite ore tailings for the production of ceramic clay bricks. The experimental program consisted of the preparation and characterization of the raw materials - the tailings and two clays (yellow and gray), and application of the simplex-centroide mixture design of experiments to perform the physical and mechanical characterization of the ceramic pieces. Subsequently, the results were optimized, using the desirability function, and the optimum mixture was reproduced in small-scale hollow bricks. The results indicated that the bauxite ore tailings can be used as an additive in the manufacture of ceramic clay bricks, since an optimum content of incorporation is defined. The optimal mixture, determined from the experimental design, presented 30.80% of tailings, 40.55% of gray clay and 28.65% of yellow clay (by mass).
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), francilene da luz belo (universidade federal do pará), taiana de sousa matos (universidade federal do pará), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia ), esleane vilela vasconcelos (universidade federal do pará), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramic that arouses great scientific interest because it has similarities to human bones and teeth. The objective of this study was to produce and microstructurally characterize the hydroxyapatite using the precipitation technique and the wet method and calcination at 1000 ºC for 2 hours. The HA powder was obtained through a solution with 1.5 molar acid-base precursors, including phosphoric acid (H3PO2), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH2)) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH), at wet method. Then, the powder was characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR) and quantitative analysis by Rietveld refinement. The results showed the presence of hydroxyapatite and calcium oxide crystalline phases, as well as bands of PO42-, CO32- and OH- groups. The Rietveld refinement showed quantitative hydroxyapatite phases, about 93.3% HA and 6.7% and 1.15% GOF according to common qualitative mathematical parameters. From this, it was possible to verify the obtaining of hydroxyapatite with hexagonal structure, confirming the viability and low cost of synthesis using the wet method.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), taiana de sousa matos (universidade federal do pará), Sheila barbosa paranhos (universidade federal do pará), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia ), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
Health issues related to the quality of the current population and life expectancy present a very important demand for research on biocompatible materials and their improvement. Alumina is a bioceramic that has desirable characteristics due to its high hardness, compressive strength and good biocompatibility. In this work whose main objective is to produce alumina for possible application in biomaterials. The methodology used for the production of alumina was by sol-gel route, the preparation of the alumina powder occurred from 84 grams of non-hydrated aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3.9H2O) plus 100 ml of distilled water and 280 ml of hydroxide ammonium (NH4OH) as a precipitating agent, for subsequent immersion in acetic acid (CH3COOH) at 40%, followed by heat treatment for three hours at 900ºC and another three hours at 1000ºC, resulting in alumina powder. The sample was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicated that the material obtained the most thermodynamically stable α- Al2O3 phase of the material, but also crystallinity characteristics in addition to characteristic vibrational bands.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), gleidson andrade santos (universidade federal do pará), taiana de sousa matos (universidade federal do pará), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia ), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
Hydroxyapatite bioceramics are essential minerals for the human body, their production in synthetic form requires steps and precise care as it is a material for application in the human body. Therefore, the objective of this study is to synthesize hydroxyapatite, using eggshell as a source of calcium. The characterizations by XRD and FTIR resulted in hydroxyapatite and calcium oxide phases, and CO32-, PO43- and OH- bands, respectively. In addition to the characterizations, analyzes by Rietveld refinement confirmed the majority presence of Hydroxyapatite, around 90.4%, and the GOF of 1,20, in agreement with the mathematical parameters proposed by Rietveld. Therefore, it was possible to obtain hydroxyapatite wet using eggshell residue.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): DANIEL PASSOS GALLO (UNIVERSIDADE REDENTOR ), GEOVANA CARLA GIRONDI DELAQUA (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), HENRY ALONSO COLORADO LOPERA (CCComposites Laboratory, University of Antioquia), carlos maurício fontes vieira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro)
Abstract:
The increase in population consumption and the culture of the disposable product, has increasingly demanded the search for efficient processes and clean technologies, seeking to avoid an uncontrolled growth in the generation of solid waste. An alternative is the incorporation of residues in the clay masses used in the red ceramic industry. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of incorporating FGD gypsum waste into red ceramics, aiming at an environmentally correct destination. The X-ray fluorescence verified that the clay is composed of aluminosilicates, has high loss on fire and low content of alkaline oxides. The residue is basically calcium sulfate. For linear shrinkage, the highest values were found in all formulations that were burned at 900 ° C. All formulations provided a reduction in water absorption where the values found were between 8 to 25%. It was verified that there was an increase of the mechanical resistance with the increase of the plaster of FGD in the formulation of the ceramic masses. In this way, it can be concluded that FGD gypsum waste has enormous potential to be used as raw material in clay masses, which is a more suitable and environmentally correct destination for it.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): DANILSON GONCALVES DE MELO E SILVA (REFRATHERMIQUE INDÚSTRIA E COMÉRCIO LTDA.)
Abstract:
In the present work a numerical model was developed for the simulation of heat transfer in polycrystalline refractory fibers. Insulation classified as polycrystalline wool (PCW) according to the European standards prEN 1094-1: 2008 and TRGS 619: 2007 was evaluated in this study. Tests were carried out to characterize the material and to determine the parameters subsequently used in the simulations. The fiber geometry´s was generated using the software GAMBIT. The geometry obtained was inserted into the software ANSYS, where the mesh was generated, and the model was solved. The results obtained by the simulation were verified by comparison with the experimental data from the thermal conductivity tests. This simulation presented error less than 10% for temperatures below 600°C
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Alan Albino de Azevedo (uenf), Tales Pereira Amorim (redentor), Victor Barbosa de Souza (REDENTOR), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf)
Abstract:
The demand of the engineering industry in general requires large applications to steel. Because it is a medium-strength material and has a large number of applications, it is necessary to have different connections for applications, whether in machines, general equipment and / or structural projects. Welding is an important device developed by technology, as it is one of the safe means of joining metals for the right applications. Even though it is a reliable method, inspection, testing and analysis is necessary to qualify professional welders and their respective qualities in welding production. In possession of these principles, the present work aims to analyze the mechanical properties in SAE 1020 steel joints welded to an electric arc by an electrode coated with different electrical currents, aiming at the general characteristics of each process applied through the bending test. It can be concluded that it is possible to identify the influence of the current in the electric arc process by a coated electrode, which dictates the final result of penetration of the weld even in materials with moderate resistance.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Bruna Paes Fragoso (uenf), Victor Barbosa de Souzar (redentor), Makssuel Davila (REDENTOR), Leticia Borges de Paula (redentor), Valtency Ferreira Guimaraes (redentor), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf)
Abstract:
Steels are one of the main materials currently used in industries, being widely applied in the manufacture of parts and equipment. Its mechanical resistance meets the diverse needs of the products when subjected to stresses, as well as many of its properties can be modified through heat treatments, these in turn are carefully applied to promote significant changes in the behavior of this material resulting from the modification of its structure. This work aims to analyze the effects of full annealing under SAE 1045 steel tempered in water and compare its hardness after this heat treatment, in addition to analyzing its microstructure after this procedure. The sample was austenitized at 850ºC and annealed inside the oven. Rockwell C hardness tests revealed that the samples suffered a significant reduction in hardness and photomicrographs demonstrated the formation of the characteristic structure of full annealing
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Dayllan Alves Cunha (uenf), João Lucas Moreira Tardim (redentor), Victor Barbosa de Souzar (REDENTOR), Júlia de Mello Silva (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (REDENTOR), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf)
Abstract:
The brush cutter blade is an essential equipment for cutting vegetation, which consists of removing excess grass. This blade is composed of a special steel that gives it high hardness, resistance to corrosion, resistance to abrasion and gives it greater temperability, this steel is chrome vanadium steel. The tests carried out in this work aim to verify how a chrome vanadium steel blade already has hours of work, which give it a high hardness characteristic (by heating and cooling to sharpen it) behaves in a hardness test if compared to a new blade. Subsequently to this comparison, an annealing heat treatment was carried out in order to recover the material's factory characteristics and again be compared with a new blade. Annealing was carried out in an industrial oven at a temperature in the range of 800 ° C for a period of 3 hours and then cooled inside the same oven, after the process a hardness analysis was carried out. The annealing process meant that the used blade had a significant reduction in its hardness, thus decreasing the chance of fracture and achieving characteristics of a new blade.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Flávia WAGNER PINHEIRO (UENF), ELAINE CRISTINA PEREIRA (UENF), GUSTAVO DE AZEVEDO BARRETO GOMES (UENF)
Abstract:
Corrosion is defined as a set of phenomena of progressive deterioration of materials, mainly metallic materials, as a result of chemical or electrochemical reactions between the material and the environment. Corrosion represents undesirable harmful changes suffered by the material, such as wear, chemical variations or structural changes, making it in many cases unsuitable for use. In order to monitor the corrosive process, corrosion coupons are installed at strategic points in pipes and main equipment, so that they can provide information on corrosion rates. In general, corrosion monitoring companies acquire coupons from different types of suppliers, and as noted in previous work, little, if any, information is available on the type of processing during manufacture, chemical composition, microstructure, size of grain, the type of heat treatment among other parameters and how much, can change the reliability of the results obtained. The general objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of different types of heat treatments on uniform corrosion rates in AISI 1010 steel mass loss coupons, after they have been subjected to the corrosion loop test
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Flávia WAGNER PINHEIRO (UENF), ELAINE CRISTINA PEREIRA (UENF), GUSTAVO DE AZEVEDO BARRETO GOMES (UENF)
Abstract:
Corrosion is a major cause of failures in pipelines and equipment in the petrochemical industry. These failures result in high maintenance costs, impair the process, in addition to causing risks to the environment. Corrosion coupons are used to assess the corrosiveness of various systems, to monitor the effectiveness of corrosion monitoring programs and to assess the suitability of different metals for specific environments and systems. In general, corrosion monitoring companies acquire coupons from different types of suppliers, national or imported, and little is observed about the type of processing during manufacture, chemical composition, microstructure, grain size, type of heat treatment among other parameters and how much, can change the reliability of the results obtained. The present work aims to evaluate the influence of different heat treatments on the microstructure and on the monitoring of pitting corrosion in AISI 1010 steel loss coupons.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): gabriela martins duarte (INSTItuto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The 201LN austenitic stainless steel is a metastable steel and is also considered a TRIP teel due to the plasticity-induced austenite-martensite phase transformation, when the intensity of this transformation is influenced by temperature. Given this, the objective of this work was to induce the austenite-martensite transformation through lamination at cryogenic temperature, and to compare with the results obtained with lamination at room temperature. To evaluate the transformation, the ferritoscope was used to detect the amount of martensite formed. Cryogenic lamination has shown promise, with a considerable increase in martensite, when compared to lamination at room temperature.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Kayan Afonso Carneiro (uenf), Lucas Souza Costa (uenf), Victor Barbosa de Souzar (uenf), Amanda Camerini (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf)
Abstract:
Fracture mechanics is a science in which the behavior of a certain failure is studied. The present work aims to analyze the behavior of cracks in steel structures, more specifically on a pedestal of an offshore crane made of ASTM A-36 steel. Metallographic and mechanical tensile tests were carried out according to ASTM A-370, and fracture toughness according to British-7448, developing a mathematical model, calculating the criticality of three types of cracks and calculating the estimate of crack growth. The entire methodological procedure of the work enabled the characterization of the microstructure of the material, determination of the mechanical properties of the material, the toughness to fracture of the steel, the mechanical efforts that act on the pedestal, the criticality of the cracks and the maximum dimensions that the cracks will have to take the structure to collapse. The superficial crack obtained the largest dimensions for the collapse of the structure, being 22.2 mm deep and 88.83 mm long. The through crack had the smallest dimension for collapse, presenting a length of 63.67 mm. The internal crack had dimensions of 24.99 mm wide and 66.015 mm long.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): lucas menezes de souza (uenf)
Abstract:
In this work, the influence of the corrosive medium and temperature on the corrosion resistance properties of S31803 duplex stainless steel was evaluated. The corrosive process was carried out using a 1.5% hydrochloric acid solution, at 25, 50 and 80 ° C, which is a typical solution when it is desired to evaluate point corrosion, as it involves chloride ions. The microstructure of the sample as received was analyzed before and after the corrosive process using the techniques of optical microscopy, confocal. Then, mechanical and corrosion resistance tests were performed. The microstructure of S31803 duplex stainless steel is composed of two phases, ferrite and austenite, oriented in the lamination direction, with an approximate balance of 50% in volume of the phase fractions present. The corrosive medium of HCl, at temperatures of 25 and 50 ° C, allowed the development of uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion in the material, which is typical of solutions containing chloride ions. With the increase in temperature to 80 ° C, deterioration of the passive film was observed, significantly increasing uniform corrosion, where it is developed selectively, with ferrite as an anode and austenite as cathode. Samples, when subjected to corrosive media and different temperatures, tend to decrease their values of mechanical properties when they undergo punctiform corrosion. On the other hand, when uniform corrosion was observed in the samples, the tendency was to increase the values of mechanical properties when compared to the initial state.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): lucas menezes de souza (uenf)
Abstract:
In this STUDY, the influence of the corrosive medium and temperature on the corrosion resistance properties of S31803 duplex stainless steel was evaluated. The corrosive process was carried out using a 6% ferric chloride solution (FeCl3), at 25 and 50 ° C, which is a typical solution when it is desired to evaluate punctiform corrosion, as it involves chloride ions. The microstructure of the sample as received was analyzed before and after the corrosive process using optical and confocal microscopy techniques. Then, mechanical and corrosion resistance tests were performed. The microstructure of S31803 duplex stainless steel is composed of two phases, ferrite and austenite, oriented in the lamination direction, with an approximate balance of 50% in volume of the phase fractions present. The corrosive medium, at temperatures of 25 and 50 ° C, favored the development of uniform corrosion and punctiform corrosion in the material. It was found that the 25 ° C increase in temperature, the pitting corrosion rate increases on average 35x for samples submitted to the corrosive medium. The samples, when submitted to FeCl3 solution at different temperatures, tend to decrease their values of mechanical properties when they suffer punctiform corrosion.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): MARKSSUEL TEIXEIRA MARVILA (UENF), Marina Teixeira Carvalho (RENDETOR), Isabela Guedes Vieira (REDENTOR), Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Niander aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
This work aims to study the conformation of steel SAE 1045 behavior when subjected to heat treatment quenching in varying weather and tempering for the manufacture and use screws. Several samples were subjected to thermal treatments at different times ranging from 30 minutes to 120 minutes. Through the Rockwell B assay, their degrees of hardness were compared to obtain analysis results for commercial industry. After the heat treatment were compared and analyzed aspects mechanical obtained samples of the post-shaped state, looking for a good quality of the final product. The hardened and tempered samples resulted in the formation of a microstructure with a mean hardness of 47.82 HB, and therefore strong and good machinability, resulting in parts with good applicability, wherein the microstructure showed an appropriate hardness relative to the process of post-treatment machining. The samples were also submitted to conformation to thread insert in cross section, forming the final piece.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Juliana Henriques Siqueira Ladeira (redentor), Ricardo Siqueira Torraca Garcia Sanches3 (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (REDENTOR), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf)
Abstract:
Tool wear is recurrent due to exposure to high temperatures, since most of the energy involved in the machining process is transformed into thermal energy. The temperature directly influences the wear of the tools, limiting the application of certain materials to cutting regimes at higher temperatures, thus fixing the maximum conditions of productivity and tool life. In this context, it is important to study the temperatures involved in the machining process, enabling greater control over the tool life. To obtain this control during the machining process, analytical and experimental methods have been studied and applied. This research compares the cutting temperatures in the roughing and finishing process of a 304 stainless steel specimen. The temperature was measured over the two processes by an infrared thermometer, resulting in the experimental temperatures. To obtain analytical temperatures, the Cook method was used, making it possible to reach the cutting temperature before turning takes place. It was noted that the cutting temperatures of the roughing process were higher than that of the finishing process, also observing that the analytical temperatures were higher than the experimental temperatures
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Alan Almeida Freire (redentor), Caio Sergio Friaça Lopes de Araújo (redentor), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Daniel Passos Gallo (uenf), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf)
Abstract:
The present research evaluated the influence of tempering treatment on the hardness and microstructure of SAE 4340 steel, with the objective of verifying the importance of tempering for the industry and analyzing what changes this treatment causes in the material. In order to carry out this work, samples of the steel were subjected to the quenching treatment, and right after the tempering, the results showed that the quenching caused an increase in hardness and, due to the fact that it was a material with good temperability, there was the formation mertensite in its microstructure, proven by metallographic analysis. However, tempering leaves the material very fragile, which limits its application in the industry. After the tempering treatment and the new hardness tests, a significant reduction in this property was observed, which consequently recovered part of its toughness and ductility, showing the importance of this treatment for the application of SAE 4340 steel in the industry. A comparative analysis of the hardness of the steel was carried out before and after the heat treatment, which enabled the verification of the changes that the tempering treatment causes in the SAE 4340 steel through the metallographic test.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Hugo Rezende Souza (rendetor), Jefferson Campos Desidério (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Niander aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
The harrow is an implementation that is very useful in the agricultural field, being used in operations to prepare the solo in order to obtain its breaking solos' fragments. It’s an equipment that have been used through centuries by the farmers. The component that should be analyzed is the cutting disc already mentioned, composed by steel SAE 1800. The disc is the component that is in direct contact with the solo, flattening the terrain in question. The fact of being in direct contact with the solo puts it into situations with different conditions like sudden shocks, aggressive terrain, non-linear wear in between so many other unpredictable situations. Considering the mentioned situations, the component must have mechanical properties that are effective to the point of working in an aggressive environment, without excessive breaks and wear, requiring successive changes. Then, a hardness test was performed on the disc and through a mean of successive measurements, the hardness presented was 52.6 HRc. Subsequently, a quenching process was performed on the disc at a temperature of 1100 ° C for 3 hours, cooling the heated material to water in the solid state. After the procedure, the material was again subjected to a hardness test in order to determine if there was success in the heat treatment, where a new hardness of 57.6 HRc was obtained. It can then be concluded that there was a satisfactory result, obtaining improvements in the mechanical properties of the component, where the hardness that increases on the disc surface gives it an increase in its resistance related to its wear what helps on keeping its cutting capacity as well
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Claudio Cabral Junior (redentor), Thiago Homero Murro (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Niander aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
Each material has unique characteristics and properties. The mechanical behavior of the material reflects the correlation between its response or deformation to an applied load or force. Important mechanical properties are mechanical strength, hardness, ductility and stiffness. The objective of the test was to analyze the mechanical properties of hardness of a sample of gray cast iron before and after normalization. Why study the mechanical properties of materials? This study is necessary because the mechanical properties of a material define how they react to external forces. The hardness of a material relates to the property that allows it to withstand the plastic deformation by penetrating efforts. In order to identify the behavior, before and after the accomplishment of a normalization, of a gray cast iron, tests of hardness were carried out following the Brazilians norms. Hardness ranged between 32 and 37 HRC for cast iron prior to normalization heat treatment and 48 and 57 HRC for cast iron after normalization. After the complete analysis of the results, it was possible to conclude that the gray cast iron hardness increased considerably
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Gean Neiva da Silva (redentor), João Paulo Vardiero da Silva (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Niander aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
Being one of the major engine components and used on a large scale for transmissions, gears play a key role in the metalworking industry by transmitting power from a drive unit to a drive unit. The motorcycle transmission gear specifically is a machine element subject to dynamic voltages, as it acts as a transmitter of torque and speeds, and works by direct contact with another machine element, in this case the chain. In this way the gear must have a good hardness on the surface of your teeth, as they must withstand shearing breakage and excessive wear. In order to retard the high frictional wear of gears, different techniques have been used, such as heat treatment, which under controlled conditions of time, temperature, atmosphere and cooling speed cause changes in the mechanical properties of the material gear by giving them specific characteristics. The present study evaluated the hardness of a motorcycle pinion (made of 1045 steel), showing the importance of surface heat treatment to minimize wear due to constant stress, thus increasing the life of the material without compromising core capacity. The results, based on the hardness values found after surface heat treatment, showed that with the surface heat treatment, low and medium carbon steels can be used, such as SAE 1045 steel in various applications, subject to wear, minimizing excessive costs in production, since this material subjected to the heat treatment to increase hardness presents itself as a potential substitute for other possibly more expensive materials
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 10:15 AM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): ANDREZA MENEZES LIMA (IME MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Arthur Camposo Pereira (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes (IME - INstituto MIlitar de Engenharia), Michelle Souza Oliveira (ime - instituto militar de engenharia), Ulisses Oliveira Costa (ime - instituto militar de engenharia), Wagner Anacleto Pinheiro (ime - instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Graphene oxide increasingly has applications in different areas of interest, in some specific cases, such as composite materials, the quantity required is relatively large, which causes an increasing demand. As the production includes several stages, an oxidation time of 7 days and the availability of equipment and specialized personnel, schedule and logistics difficulties may arise during the process. Aiming to circumvent these difficulties, this work proposes to evaluate the effect of the interruption for a long period of GO production during oxidation, using several methods of characterization. It was concluded that the interruption of the process did not significantly affect the result.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): iara patricia vieira de oliveira (ufop), Guilherme Lizieiro Rugio da Silva (gerdau), paulo santos assis (ufop)
Abstract:
Knowing the behavior of the granular flow in the silo is essential, as irregularities during loading and unloading can directly impact productivity and, in some more extreme cases, complete interruption of the flow. This work proposes the modeling of the granular flow of the coal mixture in the Coal-Bunker, through two distinct approaches: an experimental model in reduced scale; and a computational numerical model using the discrete element method. In both models, the mass flow during the discharge, the flow profile of the load, the effect of friction on the silo walls, the presence of segregation, and the influence of some properties of the coal, under the granular flow, were evaluated: moisture, charge density. The results showed that the ability of the physical and computational models to predict the flow behavior of the coal mixture in the Coal-Bunker was satisfactory.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Pedro athias zagury (white martins)
Abstract:
The steel industry ranks amongst the top three CO2 emitters from the industrial segment. Consequently, the pressure to decarbonize has led several European steelmakers to set carbon neutral goals over the 2030-2050 timeframe, while others around the globe have launched investigations into available decarbonization approaches. How will these goals be met? Will the path to decarbonization disrupt the industry itself? Is sustainability sustainable for steelmakers? Linde is a recognized leader in sustainability and a part of the solution to Climate Change. It is well positioned to develop and serve the needs of large-scale green hydrogen supply that will be essential for full decarbonization of the steel industry over the long term. In addition, Linde’s technologies provide a path to stepwise decarbonization in the short term while renewable power and hydrogen infrastructure are still being developed. These solutions are discussed herein, and they can be implemented to decarbonize the steel industry in a cost-effective way.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): JOSE ROBERTO BOLOTA (Leanfox - soluções em gestão e processos industriais ltda), Steven G. Jansto (Research and Development Resources)
Abstract:
The demand for improved mechanical property performance of wire rod products is driven by the end users. These improvements often result in higher production cost. However, recent process metallurgy Niobium high carbon solution technology is applied in wire products to address this end user need at reduced cost and meet the value added demand. The process influence is now balanced with improved wire rod microstructure, properties and grain size consistency. The complementary benefit of micro-additions of Niobium refines the microstructure, reduces the interlamellar spacing, reduces scrap, and improves both drawability and robustness. This work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the most popular applications of high carbon drawn wires, with their characteristics and estimates of volumes consumed worldwide. The microstructural effect of Niobium in high carbon steels is also described, as well as the pioneering projects to evaluate the benefits of using Niobium as a microalloy in the wire behavior during drawing and final results in the product.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Jessika Rogério de Azevedo (UENF), Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
The objective of this work is to identify the influence of coconut fiber and the use of castor oil-derived polyurethane resin (PUOM) on the mechanical properties of composites for high performance coating (HPC). In addition, in parallel, the same fiber was analyzed in an epoxy matrix. Initially, the fiber density was determined using the Archimedes method. Then, 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% specimens were made of fiber with PUOM and Epoxy matrices. The samples were made in accordance with the NBR14050 standard, which specifies requirements for the HPC. Subsequently, compressive strength and water absorption tests were performed on the composites. Finally, the fracture surfaces were analyzed using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). As a result, it was found that composites formulated with PUOM and those with epoxy matrix with fiber did not meet the minimum requirement of 45MPa. This performance was attributed to the use of an open matrix (without pressure) and the absence of previous treatment in the fiber, factors that impaired interfacial adhesion.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): ITALO MARTINS GOMES (PETROBRAS)
Abstract:
The Oil and Gas industry has constantly faced problems with equipment corrosion, due to the chemical characteristics of oil, gas and contaminants in reservoirs. In 2010, a polymeric composite, reinforced with fiberglass, was developed for oil pipes, as an alternative to API 5L Grade B steel, commonly used and more susceptible to corrosion. In the present work, samples of tubes of this composite were collected in two oil wells that have been operating with this material for some years. The internal and external layers (in contact with fluid and soil, respectively) of the well samples were analyzed by thermogravimetry (TGA) and derived thermogravimetry (DTGA) and compared with a new sample, to assess whether there were any undesirable events or degradation of the layers and know the temperature limits of this new material. The results showed that there was no significant change in the samples from the wells (if compared to the control sample), as the same events occurred at similar temperatures. It was also seen that the material is able to work at the specified temperature of its development, as the events occurred above 200°C..
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Yannick PRUVOST (TRB), SIMON CHIARTANO (TRB), Yannick MONVILLE (TRB)
Abstract:
The subject is dealing about a deep investigation on the design of blast furnace main runners. The main items which characterize the global performance of blast furnace main runner are its reliability, lifetime and low cost of use. To improve these items, TRB has used its skills and expertise to create and propose the best design for the different layers composing a main runner. Thermal, thermomechanical and fluid numerical simulations were used by our engineers to improve the usual design towards new concepts. In addition, this theoretical approach has been corrected or reinforced through a worldwide benchmarking.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): ISMAEL VEMDRAME FLORES (UFRJ), Otávio Henrique Matos de Assis (ufmg), Maurício Covcevich Bagatini (UFMG)
Abstract:
The present study had the objective to characterize the softening and melting properties of different iron-burden materials with an especial focus each burden reduction behavior. For that, softening and melting experiments were carried out for samples of iron ore, pellets, and sinters. The high-temperature properties of the materials were compared among each other and their reduction behaviors were evaluated from the continuous outgas analysis, which allowed the delimitation of three main reduction regions. Overall, the degree of reduction (DR) and reduction rates (RR) were bigger for higher basicity materials. At the region of reduction retardation, the acid pellet and the sinters showed sharp declines in RR in comparison to others. The beginning of the retardation regions showed similar contraction levels (20 to 30%) and a wide RD interval (40 to 70%) for the materials tested. In the region where the primary slag exuded, abrupt peaks of reduction and carbon consumption were observed, both more pronounced for materials with lower RD.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Sandra Lucia de Moraes (Instituto de Pesquisas tecnológicas do estado de são paulo), andre luiz nunis da silva (Instituto de pesquisas tecnológicas), Matheus Jacon pereira (instituto de pesquisas tecnológicas do estado de sao paulo), Mauro kendi noda (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO), Douglas bellomo cavalcante (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO), alessandro santiago dos santos (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO), Francisco Junior Batista Pedrosa (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO), rafael augusto theodoro pereira de souza (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO), Dimas jose neto (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO / universidade de sao paulo), Eduardo Albertin (INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLÓGICAS DO ESTADO DE SAO PAULO)
Abstract:
Brazil is one of the largest mineral power in the world. This translates into several projects installed throughout its territory. Mineral processing is essential in most of these operations in order to adapt the ore to commercial specifications (subsequent processes). Comminution, especially milling, plays a significant role in the operating costs of the mining, especially in the context of energy consumption and grinding media. Such a scenario tends to be accentuated due to the decrease in ore contents, as this implies the need for an increasingly finer comminution and in the processing of increasingly higher throughput. In this sense, it is extremely important to reduce operating costs for the viability of the projects. In ball milling, the development of materials with high wear resistance and the control of operational variables are essential to reduce wear and energy consumption. In addition, there is a need to maintain a balance between ore variability and production specifications (flow rate, product size). Achieving this balance is a challenge that can be overcome with automation and digitalization of processes. The world is moving rapidly towards Industry 4.0, and the mining industry will necessarily participate in that movement. IPT is expanding its human and material training on topics related to digital transformation, such as cyber-physical systems, sensing and mathematical modeling via the Institutional Research Development Plan - PDIP, financed by FAPESP. Within this plan, IPT intends to use its pilot ore milling plant as a laboratory for studies of the industry 4.0 concept. The general objective of this article is to describe the retrofit and digitalization project of the pilot milling plant existing at IPT, with the objective of developing a cyber-physical system applied to the iron ore milling process
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): márcio evangelista da silva (CSN MINERACAO - CONGONHAS)
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Most of the maintenance processes involve several steps that generate losses, whether in safety, quality or productivity. In some maintenance processes, large volumes of resources are consumed that could be optimized. One of the main challenges of this work is to reduce losses in the preload process in the front wheel bearing of Caterpillar 793F off-road trucks. The concept of losses in the procedure for carrying out the activity mainly includes the use of forklifts and the number of employees involved. The improvement to be implemented consists in the use of a device that turns the wheel without manual force and without the use of support equipment, which in this case is the forklift. In addition to the immeasurable gains in relation to the safety of employees involved in the activity, we also gained in quality and productivity, not to mention that the device created is subject to patent application, since there is no such thing on the market. We concluded with the work that when we use quality and control tools to assist in the development of projects the chances of meeting the needs are much greater. Going through all the stages of the PDCA makes us question ourselves, and with that the decisions are more assertive and with greater technical qualities and reliability for the equipment.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): FILIPE FUSCO (Institute for Technological Research), rafael augusto theodoro pereira de souza nahat (INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH), celia aparecida lino dos santos (INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH), Andre Luiz Nunis da Silva (INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH), Rogério de Melo Ribeiro de Araujo (INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH)
Abstract:
In the industrial production of rare earth metals, the dissolution rate of their oxides in molten fluoride salts is a crucial parameter for the minimization of both perfluorocarbon emissions and the formation of scale in electrolytic cells. This work describes a new methodology developed at IPT to determine the dissolution rate, based on low voltage chronoamperometry, far from conditions of critical current density. This methodology differs from the voltametric techniques from literature because it can be implemented with equipment rated for low current and voltage amplitudes. Results show that the magnitude of the measurement uncertainty was similar to that of the methods based on voltammetry, however with a more scalable and less expensive system
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Carlos eduardo Pinedo (Heat Tech Ltd), Cristiane Sales Gonçalves (Villares metals sa), adriano mendanha (iniversidade cruzeiro do sul)
Abstract:
Martensitic stainless steel type AISI 420 is widely used in many industrial applications where mechanical strength, fracture and corrosion resistance are key properties. This paper presents a study unnotched impact fracture and immersion-5%NaCl corrosion resistance under different tempering conditions. Tempering treatments were carried out between 200-650°C after quenching from 1030°C. Impact fracture resistance is minimum close to the secondary hardening peak, due to intensive complex chromium carbide precipitation, and increases up to 680°C. Corrosion resistance is higher for temperatures close to 200°C and lower close to secondary hardening peak. Increasing temperature over 600°C is effective to increase corrosion resistance by martensite stress relaxation.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Miguel Ângelo Menezes (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Thalles Nathan Bezerra de França (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Mateus Coutinho de Moraes (Eldorado Brasil), Amjad Galib Ahmad Gnimat (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Fabrício Polegatto Ribeiro (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Gabriel Rodrigues Pereira (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), João Vitor Magre Carvalho (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Felipe Martins Carvalho (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira)
Abstract:
The present work presents the methodology used to define eminent modes of failure and their impacts on the design of the suspension of an off-road vehicle (BAJA/SAE). For this, the FMEA tool was used to increase reliability during the design phase. Which it is based on the philosophy of continuous improvement, since it is a cyclical process that needs to be reviewed periodically. Thus, the most critical failure modes that make up the subsystem were evaluated. With this methodology, it was possible to monitor the life of the of the suspension components until their failure in order to identify, resolve and predict possible anomalies. In addition, its indexes allow a focus orientation, theoretical training, selection of materials and project guidelines, for example. Thus, this strategy allowed the adoption of preventive posture, optimizing time and reducing costs.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Augusto josé de Jesus branco (Gerdau)
Abstract:
Gerdau is a major producer of long steel in the Americas, and one of the world's largest suppliers of special steel. Gerdau is also one of the largest recyclers in the world. Each year, Gerdau transforms millions of tons of scrap into steel that is used to shape the future. Scrap is, therefore, one of the main raw materials used in the production process and increasing the level of automation and reliability in the inbounding process is key to the business. This project aimed to automate the scrap inspection process, through the implementation of an integrated solution compounded of laser scanners, “machine learning” models for type recognition and identification of non-compliance levels, providing information and alarms for the operators in charge of receiving the scrap load.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Paulo Konrad Vencovsky - Consultant for Development and Applications at HEF Durferrit
Abstract:
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Achiles Rodrigues – Commercial and operantions director at Moby Consulting
Abstract:
Round Table
6/8/22, 11:05 AM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinator: Guilherme Frederico Bernardo Lenz e Silva - PhD professor at USP - University of São Paulo
Abstract:
HR Rounds
6/8/22, 11:15 AM - 6/8/22, 11:45 AM
Presenter(s): Luiz Henrique Castro - Production director at Villares Metals
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Roberto Abreu Alencar (CSP), carlos h. a. duarte (csp), élida maria maia sousa (csp)
Abstract:
The stability of coke quality, especially about mechanical strength (DI and CSR), is fundamental for Blast Furnaces good operational performance, especially in high productivity operation. This article shows the main actions of process control, adopted at Companhia Siderúrgica of Pecem (CSP), to guarantee the coke quality stability.
Energy Balances
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s):
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): luiz felipe costa oliveira (arcelormittal tubarão)
Abstract:
WIDTH MODEL CAPABILITY AT ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO HAS BEEN CHALLENGED AS CONTINUOUS CASTING DELIVERS PROGRESSIVELY WIDER SLAB FOR THE SAME COIL ORDER WIDTH. ADDITIONALLY, THE ONLY VERTICAL EDGER IS PUSHED TO ACHIEVE HIGHER REDUCTION WITHOUT ADDING PASS NUMBER TO AVOID PRODUCTIVITY LOSSES. EVEN WITHIN THIS SCENARIO WIDTH PERFORMANCE IMPROVED SIGNIFICANTLY AS PROJECT’S MAIN ACTIONS HAVE BEEN TAKEN.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): CAROLINA ALENCAR CALDEIRA DE SOUZA (autônomo), ANGELO SIQUEIRA DA SILVA (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - IME), ANDERSAN DOS SANTOS PAULA (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - IME), FABIANE ROBERTA FREITAS DA SILVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE - UFF), LUIZ PAULO BRANDÃO (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - IME), SAULO BRINCO DINIZ (CENTRO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA CELSO SUCKOW DA FONSECA - CEFET/RJ)
Abstract:
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) promotes the joining of sheets due to localized plastic deformation and heating by displacing a non-consumable tool. This work aimed to verify the influence of an annealing heat treatment performed at 300 and 500 ºC with 15 minutes of soaking times, before and after the FSW of a 7475-T7351 aluminum alloy. The macrographs of the welded joint (top and cross section) and micrographs of the cross section obtained with the aid of a stereoscope and optical microscope were analyzed and the mechanical behavior was observed in uniaxial tensile tests. It was concluded that the annealing heat treatments, did not influence significantly on the nugget grain size, but there are indications that the realization of these before the FSW, provide a homogeneity in the mechanical properties of the welded joint and the base metal.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Marcelo Vitor Ferreira Machado (Instituto federal fluminense e universidade estadual do norte fluminense), Sergio Neves Monteiro (Instituto MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA E UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), felipe perisee duarte lopes (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE), carlos mauricio fontes vieira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE)
Abstract:
In a broad and consistent manner, this study uses a systematic literature review on polymeric composite materials reinforced for natural vegetable/lignocellulosic fibers in order to identify one of these fibers that has significant differentiated technical potential to compose the dispersed phase of the composite to be applied in wind turbine blades. After the analysis of the literature, has been concluded that ramie fibers are the ones fill a gap in the development of researches for that purpose.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Matheus Nava Biteli (iNSTITUTO MAUÁ DE TECNOLOGIA)
Abstract:
Widely employed in the durable goods industry, the ortophtalic polyester matrix combined with the fiberglass reinforcement origins such composite who has been conquering a significant space inside manufacturing processes due to their boundless applications and for their lower production costs. According to the Latin American Association of Composites (ALMACO), more than 153 thousand tons from the total volume of base material consumed in 2016 were consumed in polyester resin composites production (representing a total of U$9,08 billions). However, more than 10% from this value is discarded inside the industrial processes, resulting in a massive environmental damage, not mentioning the financial losses underlying not only from the own material’s intrinsic value, but also from the costs related to the transport of that leavings to the proper landfills or dumps. Thus, the contribution of this project is to propose a thermal recycling route for those discarded composites, aiming to obtain resin-free fiberglass as primary product, but also high valued chemical compounds originated from the resin pyrolysis as byproducts. Initial experiments procedure showed successful in obtain fiber from polymer pyrolysis using a microwave equipment. In a second step byproducts analysis is done through Liquid and Gas Chromatography Tests (CG-MS) as well with Thermogravimetry trials (TGA-MS) showing that it is possible to obtain commercially reusable organic by-products.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Samue filipe castro barbosa (universidade federal de minas gerais), Leandro Rocha Lemos (universidade federal de minas gerais), Arthur petrocchi gomes reis (universidade federal de minas gerais)
Abstract:
The growing need of optimizing industrial processes, combined with constant advances in computational ability led to developing several tools for phenomena simulation, creating a specific knowledge area: Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). This article intends to expose results gathered with the utilization of CFD concepts and devices applied to a coke fueled blast furnace, which were obtained through many simulations with real database from metallurgical industry. Results argue in favor of numerical methods as they can predict, precisely enough, industrial results, cutting expenses with human, economic and environmental resources. It was possible, due comparing outputs with database, the software reliability.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): LEANDRO GUSTAVO MENDES DE JESUS (instituto federal de mato grosso do sul)
Abstract:
With the aim of mitigate the deposition of manganese ores in tailing dams, an investigation regarding the performance of briquettes made of such materials was done. The main goal of the work is to evaluate the behavior briquettes, made of low particle size manganese ore, which is deposited as tailing in dams, in similar conditions of the prereduction zone. With the aim of mitigate the deposition of manganese ores in tailing dams, an investigation regarding the performance of briquettes made of such materials was done. Thus, briquettes made with the material from Urucum’s tailing dam material (Corumbá, Brazil) and molasses, as binder, were produced and tested in a retort furnace with controlled heating rate (10 °C/min) and atmosphere (70 %CO/30 %CO2). Porosity and strength towards the heating tests were also performed. The briquettes showed better performance than the lumpy material. Therefore, the briquettes started and finished reduction at lower temperatures. As result, such agglomerates are a potential raw material regarding its lower energy and carbon consumption. In submerged arc furnaces. Furthermore, the different top sizes used in the raw materials did not negatively affected the briquette’s performance. Lastly, the usage of briquettes made of Urucum’s tailing dam material proved to be beneficial, when considered the variables tested in the work.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Luís Marcelo Marques Tavares (Universidade Federal do rio de Janeiro), Victor Alfonso Rodriguez (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO), GABRIEL KAMILO PANTOJA BARRIOS (universidade federal do rio de janeiro), Gilvandro Bueno (VALE)
Abstract:
Important advances and developments have been made in the last decade in the mathematical modeling of High-Pressure Grinding Rolls. However, predicting the performance considering design variables such as different roller geometries, or roller wear conditions, is still an engineering challenge. Simulation using DEM coupled to multibody dynamics (MBD) of the floating roller is shown as a viable alternative in understanding the operation of HPGR, although only few studies demonstrate its validity. In the present study, experimental data from iron ore pressing tests using a pilot-scale HPGR were used to validate the simulations using DEM-MBD coupled with the new particle replacement model (PRM) in the EDEM™ software. Results of the simulation approach allowed predicting throughput and power measured in operation with good fidelity. From the validated model, case studies were carried out varying the roll aspect ratio and the roll wear conditions.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Marcelo Koiti FUGIHARA (Belge consultoria), Fábio Heiji Yamada (Belge consultoria), Caroline Michel Hage Moussa (BELGE consultoria), Tiago Ramos Louzada (belge consultoria)
Abstract:
The technology of simulation and optimization of logistics processes has an important application for the mining sector. The present study has the main objectives to dimension the equipment, to identify bottlenecks and to analyze better internal routes to an underground mine located in Brazil. Presented through practical cases of the mining company in the form of a panel of diversified applications of this technology. The tool and methodology used will be simulation technology, this technology will be compared to static quantitative approaches (use of static electronic spreadsheets, intuition, etc.). The objectives, scope and results obtained will be illustrated of dynamic simulation models for these operations (for example: equipment sizing, underground mine operations plan, etc.).
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): HENRIQUE SEVERIANO DE JESUS (ARCELORMITTAL BRASIL SA), Fernando Generoso Neiva Ferreira (Arcelormittal brasil sa), adriano aparecido garcia bernal (carl ZEISS do BRASIL ltda.), Elysio carneiro de campos neto (CARL ZEISS DO BRASIL LTDA.)
Abstract:
With the evolution of vehicle designs over the last 20 years, even high strength low alloy steels (HSLAS) have been largely replaced by advanced high strength steels (AHSS), whose distinguished mechanical properties are directly dependent on the volumetric fraction of the phases present and the complex interaction between them. Traditional methods for phase quantification have historically had low productivity and high dependence on the observer's expertise. In this paper, phase quantifications were performed in 4 hot rolled AHSS (FB, DP, CP and PHS) using images obtained through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and applying manual point counting technique and advanced image segmentation technique using machine learning. The comparative results showed similar phase volume fraction results for both techniques and significantly shorter analysis time for the segmentation technique using machine learning.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Eduardo Franco de Monlevade (Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo)
Abstract:
In the presente study, dilatometry is used to experimentally determine the Time-Temperature-Transformantiomn (TTT) diagram for SAE5160 and SAE6150 grade steels. The methods employed to determine the critical temperatures, as well as the martensite start (Ms) temperature are described, as well as the methods to calculate the transformed fraction along time, and how to draw the curves from dilatometric data. Experimental results are compared with previously diagrams reported and with simulations made using the SteCal software. Differences between the three methods are discussed in terms of origin and relevance.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Everton Picoli (Gerdau), Thyago Bachim (SKF), Henrique da Rocha Severino (SKF), Renato Nascimento de Castro (SKF), Diego Barbosa Pereira (Gerdau), Diego dos Santos Goulart (Gerdau), Henrique ravanello (gerdau), mateus.rosa@gerdau.com.br (gerdau)
Abstract:
In the steel industry, there are different manufacturing processes for each type of product, one of the equipment responsible for the wire manufacture for the subsequent production of mesh wire and trusses is the Gearbox Stand Mill. This equipment has different passes for the reduction of the diameter raw material (wire rod) until the desired product is obtained. Gearbox Stand Mill LF 02 Pass 1 presented failures in its internal components, such as bearings and gears. In order to understand what problem occurred and determine its root cause, a dynamic analysis of the Gearbox during a manufacturing process with its variables were performed. Thus, the following engineering tools were applied: Vibration Analysis, Operating Deflection Shape – ODS and Numerical Simulation by Finite Element Method - FEM. Vibration and ODS highlighted excitation frequencies, operational modes, which in these frequencies caused relative movements. Results obtained through Vibration analysis and ODS were correlated to numerical simulation, allowing to calibrate FEM model. Also, during simulation, Component Modal Synthesis technique was used, allowing evaluation of the fatigue life internal components (bearing and gear). Based on the field and numerical results obtained in this study, the alignment conditions and geometry of machines with laser system were verified and a structural modification was carried out in the coupling system between gearbox and motor. Technical improvements from this study were applied to eliminate the resonant condition of the system, thus increasing the useful life and reliability of the equipment. The result of this project was failures reduction considering that the average of replacements due to unplanned stops reduced from an average of 10 gearboxes to only 1 in the period of 12-month, thus increasing the MTBF.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): RENAN PISSARRA TESSAROLO (LYNX OTIMIZAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS S.A), MURILO RIBEIRO FERREIRA (LYNX OTIMIZAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS S.A), LUCAS JUNQUEIRA VOLPE (LYNX OTIMIZAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS S.A), AGUINALDO ORLETTI JUNIOR (LYNX OTIMIZAÇÃO DE PROCESSOS S.A)
Abstract:
With the growth of the iron ore production in Brazil and in the world, searching for alternatives to improve the rate control of the mills and the reduction of conveyor stops due to overload is one of the main objectives for the managers of the mining segment. In this work, the tracking system of the Carajás plants, located in Pará, the largest iron ore tracking in Brazil, was implemented. For the implementation and calibration of the material traceability in the system, it was necessary to perform data surveys in the area, in order to find belt lengths, belt speeds and position of integrator scales. The project also includes a new technology employed, which is the use of a laser measuring tape to perform the instant calculation of the flow rate, from the variation of the distances in millimeters read by the sensors. Besides the system performing the feeder rate control in automatic mode, the system is also able to protect the conveyor belts from overload and avoid material contamination along the processing plants. The system presents an excellent performance, and according to the operators themselves, it will be very difficult to operate without this system.
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): MARCOS ANTÔNIO RODRIGUES (TERNIUM BRASIL LTDA.), Marcus Vinicius da Fonseca Buarque (TERNIUM BRASIL LTDA.), Andre Luiz Pereira Frias (TERNIUM BRASIL LTDA.), Fabio Ricardo Zuege (TERNIUM BRASIL LTDA.), Pedro Henrique Muller Braga (TERNIUM BRASIL LTDA.), Ingrid Person Rocha e Pinho (TERNIUM BRASIL LTDA.)
Abstract:
The objective of this work is to present how Ternium Brasil started to introduce a biofuel, Biomethane, in partial replacement of fossil natural gas in its stationary combustion sources, that is, its use in the pig iron production processes in blast furnaces, and in the steel refining processes at the Melt Shop. Biogas is generated at the Seropédica sanitary landfill, the largest in Latin America. This landfill gas, rich in methane (CH4), comes from the decomposition of organic matter, which occurs under anaerobic conditions. The landfill receives 10 thousand tons of urban solid waste daily from the municipalities of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Itaguaí, a population of about 10 million people, Ternium Brasil buys Biomethane for its operations, a purified form of biogas (>96%CH4), in which CO2, H2S and other contaminants have already been removed. This powerful biofuel has characteristics almost identical to fossil natural gas, after several analyzes and tests it was gradually introduced, without the need for any adaptation of equipment and processes for its application. The expected replacement rate of fossil natural gas was 34% referring to 2017 consumption levels, that is, the same rate for mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to the use of this biofuel in stationary combustion using low pressure natural gas. This GHG reduction expectation represents 0.5% of Ternium Brasil's annual total, and its achievement depends on the operational reality of the biofuel supply. Even with the obstacles that are imposed in the introduction of renewable energy in the energy matrix of an integrated steel mill, Ternium seeks to overcome them daily and continues towards the deep decarbonization of its processes, with robust steps that adhere to the purpose of generating value, bringing social development while innovating with biofuel in its operations
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 11:30 AM - 6/8/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Valdecir de Oliveira Pereira - Partner and Director of R&D at GRV Software
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Letícia dias batista (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO - UFOP), ALEX MILTON ALBERGARIA CAMPOS (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO - UFOP)
Abstract:
Metallurgical coke is one of the main fuels for hot metal production in blast furnaces. In addition, coke and coal are responsible for about 40% of the cost of steel, which can make production uncompetitive, especially in countries where there are not reserves of coking coal. Another point is that it being the main cause of most CO2 emissions in steelmaking. An alternative that can decrease production costs and the amount of CO2 emitted is substituting part of the coal by biomass. Biomass is a renewable fuel and neutral in emissions, in addition to having a much lower cost than coal, especially when agribusiness waste are considered. Therefore, this work proposes to make an economic and environmental reflection of possible substitution of coking coal for biomass, analyzing different contexts based on studies where the coke produced with biomass presents qualities for the blast furnace uses.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): MARINO YAGO FAGUNDES ALVES (ARCELORMITTAL BRASIL S.A), LUCAS LIMA DA CONCEIÇÃO (ARCELORMITTAL BRASIL S.A)
Abstract:
In an increasingly competitive business enviroment, productivity becomes essential. Following this idea, this article aims to demonstrate the gains obtained with a supply chain activity: monthly raw materials update through tools like: Visual Basic for Applications (VBA), Robotic Process Automation (RPA), SAP Scripts, among others.The integration between the tools brought productivity and reliability gains, plus intangible gains as moral improvement for people involved on the process execution.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Eder Quental de Araújo (Gerdau), José geraldo da silva moreira (Gerdau), Patrick Petronio de castro andra (gerdau), Dimas pereira coura (gerdau)
Abstract:
One way to increase the energy efficiency of stationary combustion equipment is by reducing the stack gas temperature. One of the most effective strategies for using the energy contained in the stack gas is through combustion air preheating. For air preheating for boilers, Ljungstrom regenerative exchangers are the most used. The present work will present and compare two methodologies of performance analysis of air preheaters, one of them called “traditional method” and the other “ASME method”. Both use the concepts of efficiency of the First Law of Thermodynamics, however, the “ASME method” does not consider the mass flows in their dimensionless parameters of ASME PTC 4.3 [1]. As will be demonstrated, both methods are useful approaches to evaluate this equipment, however, the ASME method has some restrictions. In addition, the impact of combustion air preheating on the boiler efficiency at the Gerdau Ouro Branco Power Plant
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): ALISSON PAULO DE OLIVEIRA (NSigma Consulting), antônio augusto gorni (Autônomo), Marcelos arantes rebellato (Eurosport)
Abstract:
This work aims to review the advanced tools, based on Artificial Intelligence resources, used in rolled product development projects and in the optimization of steel processes. These tools have been widely used because they allow to determine, with an excellent degree of precision, the understanding of the various metallurgical phenomena involved in characteristics of interest of steel products as well as in their forecast. With the advent of a series of new technologies, including new architectures of Artificial Neural Networks, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Genetic Algorithms, among others, these tools have become quite reliable, even allowing to design new products and new processes, yet not known. Numerous recent examples of uses of these tools are displayed as well as the results regarding the use of new technologies. These technologies are already being used on site, for microstructure prediction, for example. In the end, it is demonstrated that Artificial Neural Networks, the basis of many of these technologies, are able to predict with a high degree of precision the historically established metallurgical trends, which proves their effectiveness as tools for studying and understanding the phenomena involved.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Hormando Leocadio (USIMINAS - IPATINGA), Jorge Luiz Goes Oliveira (UFSC), Leandro Felipe de Sousa (USIMINAS), Geraldo Arruda Maia (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
The worldwide demand for Advanced High-Strength Steel (AHSS) has been continuously increasing due to the necessity of reducing vehicle weight, without reducing its safety. AHSS processed in continuous annealing and processing line (CAPL) requires advanced cooling strategies to acquire its desired mechanical properties. A high-efficiency cooling section must provide high cooling rates with low energy consumption, besides promoting a homogeneous cooling over the strip width as well as ensuring its flatness. A thermal off-line model was developed to analyze the main variables that affect the performance of the CAPL's fast cooling section and propose changes in the process and equipment promoting an increase in cooling rate, productivity and energy savings. Industrial tests carried out at Usiminas’ CAPL validated the solutions proposed by the model. Possibility of energy savings over 50% and an increase in cooling rate over 20% was identified, with these gains applicable to 50% of the current production mix. Besides the significant reduction in energy consumption, the increase in cooling rate could enable the development of new steel grades, expanding the Usiminas portfolio for automotive applications.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): MARIANE OLIVEIRA MOREIRA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Sergio Neves Monteiro (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Felipe Perissé Duarte (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Rômulo Leite Loiola (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO)
Abstract:
This study aims to evaluate the potential reuse of bags coated with polyethylene as a hybrid reinforcement in polymeric matrix composites. The coated bags were cut, washed, kiln dried and hot pressed (200°C) to produce a laminated material. The tensile strength (ASTM 3039) and elongation for the laminated manufactured with different pressing times were evaluated; 15, 20 and 25 seconds. The statistical significance between the pressing times was evaluated by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The statistical results increased that such time variation was not statistically significant for the maximum strength, however it was defined for the elongation. Deformation decreases with increasing pressing time.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Matheus Pereira Ribeiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILItar de engenharia), pEDRO HENRIQUE POUBEL MENDONÇA DA SILVEIRA (iME - iNSTITUTO mILITAR DE eNGENHARIA), tHUANE tEIXEIRA DA SILVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), ANDRE BEN-HUR DA SILVA FIGUEIREDO (IME - Instituto Militar de Engenharia), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Given the situation of the frequent oil price variation in the international market and negative environmental impacts related to fossil fuels, there have been an increasing worldwide pressure for the adoption of materials with sustainable actions in the nature. In this way, an increasing number of studies has been seeking to know more about natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) with the purpose of replacing synthetic fibers in polymeric matrix composites used in engineering applications. Among the NLFs, the hem fiber is worldwide used in the textile industry. Thus, this work aimed to chemically and morphologically characterize hemp fabric through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, aiming at engineering composites application. The results showed the presence of functional groups that make up most natural fibers. In addition, the XRD analysis made it possible to calculate the material's crystallinity level, which was estimated about 63.11%, and the microfibril angle, about 8.17°. These results are similar to ones present in early works and represent a potential mechanical strength of the material.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): jean philippe santos gherardi de alencar (VALE SA)
Abstract:
Climate change has been widely discussed worldwide and this has put pressure on the steel industry. Many technologies have been developed in order to avoid greenhouse gases emissions. Concomitant to this, Brazil is expecting greater investments in the natural gas supply chain, which can increase production and significantly reduce costs. This work evaluated the impact of Natural Gas in the steelmaking matrix of both routes: Blast Furnace and Direct Reduction, raising an economic and environmental comparison between different cases. It was noted that aspects such as natural gas usage and metallic burden optimization help to reduce emissions. Based on the prices estimated, these substitutions also brought a reduction in the steel costs. The Direct Reduction route showed a much lower emission factor than the Blast Furnace reference route, but its cost was higher. Scenarios considering natural gas costs at 2.5 $/MMBTU or financial compensations for CO2 emissions, the Direct Reduction route can be economically as competitive as Blast Furnace in Brazil
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): brena karolyne nunes da rocha (universidade federal do rio de janeiro), túlio moreira campos (universidade federal do rio de janeiro), José Raphael Olegário França (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO), Henrique Dias Gatti Turrer (Anglo American), LUÍS MARCELO MARQUES TAVARES (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO)
Abstract:
The proper description of size reduction for multicomponent ores has proven to be an important challenge in the minerals industry. For crusher stages and HPGR operations, where mineral liberation is almost always insignificant, there is still a lack of a suitable understanding regarding the particle breakage behaviour. As such, the present work aims to investigate the breakage behaviour of different of itabirite ore typologies that have been used to feed an industrial-scale HPGR. Piston-and-die tests have shown distinction between the different iron ore typologies. Two additional samples were collected from the industrial plant and some tests were carried out to assess their size reduction response. These results presented a significant difference in the breakage behaviour with the variation of the proportions of the iron ore typologies in the blend. Results also presented potential for applying recent advances in the HPGR mathematical modelling predicting the size reduction of multicomponent ores.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Cassiano emílio da silva (ufop - universidade federal de ouro preto), José margarida da silva (ufop - universidade federal de ouro preto), tIAGO rOCHA FARIA DUQUE (TDMAPS)
Abstract:
This article analyzes recent research carried out in the area of drones for application in underground mining. The research consisted of searching for keywords and selecting case studies. The underground environment is difficult for the operation of drones, as it is confined, with several obstacles, poor lighting, dust or humidity. The problem of stabilizing and navigating drones in denied GNSS environments requires special solutions that could only be overcome recently. Traditional cavity monitoring systems and the use of drones as substitutes in these cavity monitoring are discussed and compared. Finally, the current and future uses that this technology will play in underground mining are expanded and the facilities and difficulties to be overcome for further dissemination of this technology in mining are pointed out.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): GERALDO LUCIO DE FARIA (Universidade Federal de ouro preto), Aparecida Silva Magalhães (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto), Charles Henrique Xavier Morais Magalhães (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima (Instituto de Estudos Avançados (IEAv)), Leonardo Barbosa Godefroid (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
The effects of laser welding and postweld heat treatment on the tensile and fatigue strength of UNS S32304 duplex stainless steel (DSS) were investigated in the present work. Thus, 2.5mm thick steel plates were laser welded with the power of 1000W and speed of 600mm/min. Part of the joints was kept as welded and the other one was treated at 1150C for 10 min. The obtained results showed that laser processing in the DSS plates promoted complex phase transformations in the fusion zone of the welded specimen. The initially balanced structure, with similar fractions of austenite and ferrite, was replaced by a structure composed of almost 100% ferrite phase after welding. The isothermal treatment caused an increase in the austenite volumetric fraction and the refinement of the microstructure in the fusion zone. The mechanical performance of the welded specimens demonstrated to be dependent, not only on the phase balance, but also on the grain size, phase morphology, and presence of microstructural discontinuities such as pores in the welded joint.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): GABRIEL MOREIRA GONCALVES (Instituto militar de engenharia), Iana Costa Carvalho (instituto militar de engenharia), rodolfo da silva teixeira (instituto militar de engenharia), Paulo Davi Borges Esteves (instituto militar de engenharia), Andersan dos Santos Paula (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Of relatively simple structures and with a wide possibility of alloy elements combinations and consequently of properties, several metallic alloys have been developed and studied since the last century and in this new millennium the high entropy high alloys (HEA) stand out, especially if highlights the Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni alloy system, which stands out for its resistance to corrosion and mechanics, and low density. The present work aims to quantify the present phases of the AlCo2Cr2FeNi2 alloy, dendritic and inter-dendritic regions, as casted and heat treated (1050 ºC for 1 hour, followed by cooling in water) aid by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that about 80% of the microstructure consists of dendritic region and about 20% is inter-dendritic region in both of samples, only differentiating the microstructural aspect in the condition treated by the formation of rod-shaped precipitates in both regions.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Bruno Fernandes Mudesto (CSN - VOLTA REDONDA - BR 393 -), Fernanda Mitke M. L. R. H. Rocha (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Vinícius Santiago Fernandes (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Juan Carlos Sacramento de Souza (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Daniel Alexandre da Costa Ximenes (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL), Bruno Fonseca de Oliveira (CSN - COMPANHIA SIDERURGICA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
This article aims to characterize the causes responsible for the failure of a spring in transversal tie rods of a coke battery, in a steel industry. To perform the characterizations, techniques of chemical composition analysis were used, characterization of the failure mechanisms using a stereomicroscope, metallographic characterization using a light microscopy, Vickers microhardness test and characterization of mechanical properties through hardness and compression tests of the springs.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): daniela de oliveira lage (lynx process s/a)
Abstract:
This work aims to present the RailLog System, developed to meet the railroad scanning process of a Control Center that used obsolete software. RailLog is a technological solution for rail management, control and monitoring and real-time shipment via GPS or simulated mode. The goal of the solution was to digitize the entire internal flow of a plant generating savings by reducing costs with wagon stays over time, create collision-controlled routes, provide more visibility of routes, increase the safety of rail movements, optimize routes by distance or speed, in addition to achieving improvement in the process. The article also discusses the methodology used during the development of the solution with agile project management using the Scrum framework.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Glauber Longo - Commercial Director at TopSolid
Abstract:
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 11:55 AM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Rogério Tales Silva Carneiro - Executive Manager of Technical Marketing at VALE
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): bruno santos malaquias (USIMINAS - IPATINGA)
Abstract:
The use of models to predict coke quality is commonly practiced in steel industries, which aims to adjust coal percentages in the mix to ensure coke quality for blast furnaces. In this context, a statistical model was developed to predict coke quality at Usiminas. The data set, consisting of operational parameters and the characterization of the individual coals, used to obtain the coal mix, was evaluated. The data analysis was performed by univariate and multivariate statistics, obtaining the main variables that influences metallurgical parameters related to coke quality. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis and the ability to predict results according to real value were used. The validation of the model was performed using 90-day industrial data, comparing the predicted values with real values (daily average) of the three main coke quality parameters (CRI, CSR and DI15-150). The comparison between predicted and real results revealed that the average error for the CRI is ± 5,70%; for the CSR is ± 5,60% and for the DI15-150 is ± 1,86%. The model implementation allows to increase the coke quality rate to be produced, and it should be used with the coal mix formulation model.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): EDNEY DA SILVA DIAS (ARCELORMITTAL - SAO FRANCISCO)
Abstract:
The main idea of this project is to apply a ranking method to evaluate, categorize and recognize suppliers (truck transporters), hunting for operational excellence, developing stability of the flat rolled steel shipping process and reducing the consequences of damages in the transport of logistics service to the final customer. Previously, at the end of the supplier contracting process, a freight table was defined by city with the percentage of each transporter participation in each region. This practice used to cause problems in the operation, mainly in the attribution of big amounts of cargo volume for suppliers (truck transporters) who were not having good results. The lack of efficient performance evaluation tools and methodologies directly impact the quality of the service to the final customer. Because of this scenario, it was implemented a solution to improve the evaluation model and the definition of monthly goals to the suppliers (truck transporters). The process of attribution and contracting goals is no longer rigid and outdated. It is now very dynamic, cyclical, fair and adherent to Compliance. Using metrics according to “Balanced Socoredcard Methodolog it was possible to continue the process with facts and data to eliminate low-performance suppliers (truck transporters), concentrating cargo volumes on the best ranked ones. The reduction of the supplier’s base, along to the mandatory ISO9001 certification and a fair performance criterion has significantly improved the performance indicators. Now we have a better scheduling, collect, and deliveries following the correct deadline, reducing the occurrence of problems and customers complaint.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): renata tomoe mitsuya (puc-rio), ana cristina vicente (puc/rio), marco antoônio lemos miguel (UFRJ (Inst. microbiologia)), luiz alberto cesar teixeira (puc-rio /// solvay - peroxidos do brasil)
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocidal effect of the well-known disinfectant, peracetic acid (PAA), formula: CH3COOOH, in cooling water, in order to search alternatives to the use of chlorine (and its derivatives), which is corrosive and reacts with organic matter present in waters forming toxic byproducts. To achieve this goal, experiments using water samples taken from a basin of a chemical industry’s cooling tower were conducted following a factorial matrix. Experiments were performed using a commercial 15% w/w PAA solution. Aqueous concentrations of PAA were set at 1.0 mgL-1 and 2.0 mgL-1; at water’s pH values of 8.0 and 8.8. Each evaluated treatment condition was monitored for 5 days and total heterotrophic bacteria counts were made without biocide and after different contact times of the biocide in the water. The contact times were 5 min, and 1, 2 and 4 h per day, considering the application of the biocide in periods of 4 h per day. This methodology has allowed us to conclude that the two doses applied were efficient in controlling microorganisms depending on the water pH. Starting from a water with a natural microbial count of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) of 106 to 107, the treatment led to a reduction in counts down to 102 CFU/mL. The results were 10 times more efficient under 2.0 mg/L of PAA in comparison with 1.0 mg/L. In addition, at set pH 8.0 the biocidal action was 10 times higher in comparison to pH 8.8 for the same PAA concentration.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): juliano braz possatti (arcelormittal tubarão)
Abstract:
The increase in customer demand for steels with higher shape requirements, associated with the need to reduce the carbon emission and seen that this defect it's just visible and detectable when the strip is handled by the customer, it was necessary to develop a method using the hot strip mill process features to predict the strip shape defect when it’s slitted. The shape defect that appears when occurs the tension release during the slitting process is normally associated to residual stress. Residual stress has three main sources: Mechanical, Thermal or Microstructural. The hot rolling process normally occurs under high tension level which can hide completely or partially the defects that increase and evolve during tension release. To deal with this undetectable defect at the hot strip mill, a machine learning model was designed to figure out the main HSM features that correlates with the defect occurrence and to compare with the features that already has technical reference from the literature. In this present study to a low carbon steel light gauge, the most significant influences were from mechanical and thermal sources, and most of them fits with literature, what shows that this machine learning model has skills to predict partially the defects and to propose what should be adjust and controlled to avoid this defect.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Helton de Freitas COTA (sms group)
Abstract:
When considering cold strip, one can see the continuously expanding trends in newly developed, higher-strength (HSS) steel grades. This demand is due to the increasing ecological awareness of the fact that the available resources have to be utilized more efficiently. One – but not the only one – important driver is the automotive industry. Cold strip producers are increasing the share of HSS in their product range. This comes with special requirements on the existing production equipment and may lead the plant operators to the decision to upgrade the facilities. The paper presents new technical solutions for various types of cold rolling mills. The improved tension reel for tandem cold mills allows the winding of thin high-strength strips under high tension from the start. Apart from the tension reel improvement, there are a couple of interesting new technical features for better utilization of the mill, especially when processing advanced grades. An example is the new enhanced bending system. This is applicable for single- and two-stand reversing cold mills as well for tandem cold mills. The same applies for the Sieflex-HT® gear-type drive spindle for high torque transmission. When it comes to rolling ultra-high strength grades and stainless steel, the Multipurpose Mill offers a solution. Since it can be operated with 4-high as well as 18-HS roll inserts, very high pass reductions can be achieved. The design of the roll cassettes allows a fast change between the operation modes. The Multipurpose Mill is a very good solution, when the operation of several specialized rolling mills, e.g. a 20-high mill, is not profitable. The paper focuses on latest examples of advanced mechanical design solutions but gives also an impression about further new developments, which aim to increase the degree of digitalization and “intelligence” of the mill. These features are called “Intelligent Components”. Each of the feature mentioned can be applied in existing as well as in new mills.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Pedro athias zagury ()
Abstract:
Using oxyfuel combustion in steel reheating provides higher throughput and substantial fuel savings. Accordingly, oxyfuel has many benefits, but also some drawbacks like hot spots in furnaces and thermal NOx generation. However, by making the combustion “Flameless” by creating a ‘volume combustion’, these issues can be overcome, and additional advantages can be achieved. This paper describes different solutions, both fully flameless and semi flameless, which have been developed and implemented in steel reheating and annealing furnaces. Over the past three decades, Linde has made more than 180 oxyfuel installations in all types of reheating furnaces, both batch and continuous, and for production of all different steel grades. Since 2003, focus has been on using Flameless Oxyfuel, hitherto resulting in over 120 successful installations, 92 of these operating fully with 100% Flameless Oxyfuel. This paper describes results from these installations, which include: fuel savings of up to 60%; increased throughput by up to 50%; substantial reductions of CO2 and NOx emissions; much improved temperature uniformity of the heated steel; reduction of scale losses by up to 50%. Cases with conversion from air-fuel to Flameless Oxyfuel will are described. These examples comprise installations in soaking pit furnaces, rotary hearth furnaces, roller hearth furnaces, and walking beam furnaces with up to 300 t/h nominal capacity, and for production of carbon steel, engineering steel, and stainless steel grades at companies in USA, Europe, and Asia.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Gilberto Garcia del Pino (Universidade do estado do amazonas)
Abstract:
Today in the world there is a race in the search for materials from renewable sources. The use of vegetable fibers reinforcing polymers represents an alternative in the replacement of synthetic fibers in composites. Curauá is a legitimately Brazilian plant, easy to grow and process, which produces fibers with excellent mechanical performance. In this work a computational and experimental analysis is carried out with the objective of comparing curauá fibers and jute fibers used in epoxy resin matrix composites for use in industry using the Finite Element Method and tensile tests. As a result of the work, a higher strength was obtained in the composites made with curauá fiber than in the composites made with jute fibers, both in the results obtained by the Finite Element Method and in the tensile tests. In both types of analysis, both experimental and computational numerical, an increase in the tensile strength of the compound was observed with the increase in the amount of fiber for both types of fiber. The results obtained show a correspondence between the analysis by the Finite Element Method and the Experimental analysis, which also coincide with the results obtained previously mentioned in the Bibliography
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Amanda Mendes Ribeiro (UENF), Renan da Silva Guimarães (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
Polymeric matrix composite material has been increasingly studied with a focus on application in various industrial sectors. In addition, researchers have sought to manufacture these products with natural lignocellulosic fibers, due to the great benefits already proven in their use. Therefore, the objective of this work was to reuse piassava fibers discarded by a broom industry for making composites with epoxy resin. The proportion used for fiber incorporation was 30% to 60% by volume. As a result, a linear trend of increasing resistance to Izod impact was obtained for samples with a percentage above 40%.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Chad Van der Woude (HATCH)
Abstract:
Gerdau’s Blast Furnace #1 off-gas system has experienced challenges including high metal loss, significant build-up of dust caused by process issues, and local buckling damage caused by high temperature events, during more than 30 years of operation. Fitness-for-service assessment was performed to develop mitigation strategies including short-term local repairs that could be done without interrupting production, as well as long-term repairs to extend the campaign life to the next planned major maintenance shutdown. These strategies are presented in this paper, and include installing external reinforcement and refractory lining, implementing operational controls, and following a health monitoring plan. Repairs were successfully performed, and the off gas system was able to continue operation, resulting in major financial benefits and improved safety conditions
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Alessandro (CEFET-RJ / Campus Angra dos reis ), Rodrigo Magalhães de Carvalho (UFRJ / COPPE / PEMM), Luís Marcelo M. tavares (UFRJ / COPPE / PEMM)
Abstract:
The work applies the UFRJ mechanistic mill model and the discrete element method to analyze the effect of operating conditions (stirrer speed, percent of solids and grinding media size) on apparent breakage rates and on the breakage function of a vertical mill operated in batch grinding of a copper ore. Breakage rates increase significantly with increasing stirrer speed. The increase in the percentage of solids of the slurry leads to a decrease in breakage rates of the equipment, whereas the increase in grinding media size resulted in increase in breakage rates of the coarse particle and the decrease in breakage rates of the fine particles.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Jadir Pedro Alves (UFOP), Jadir Pedro Alves (UFOP)
Abstract:
In the face of increasing competition, market demands, the search for better productive performance, increased safety in operations, reduction in the generation of waste and environmental emissions, mining companies have been looking for ways to increasingly become competitive, or that is, to present advantages in relation to the competition through, mainly, the reduction in losses and optimization of its production processes. Underground mines have several operating processes that occur simultaneously or not, but which are responsible for the development and success of the economic enterprise. These can be considered as unit operations and comprise the basic operations of drilling, blasting, loading and transport. In practice, these operations, when used to extract the ore, are called production operations. The work in an underground mine can also be represented by the three main basic functions used for mineral preparation and extraction, they are: development, excavation and movement. For some time now, changes have been made in the operations cycle to accommodate some type of equipment or technology capable of better adaptation to the production process, since automation is a present reality and a very attractive alternative that meets the needs with the demands for an increase in the competitive differentials of organizations. Thus, the technological option is a path of no return that is increasingly sought after in mining operations, that is, the technological process in mining companies directly affects unit operations with the introduction and use of increasingly technological, safe and productive machinery. The purpose of this article is to present concepts, challenges and perspectives related to the application of automation and information technologies in underground mines. Managers must effectively adapt organizations to new standards of security, operational efficiency and integrated information management. The standardization of interfaces must be accepted as a basic premise for process integration. The minimum requirements necessary for the automation of an underground mine will be presented at the end of this work.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Júlia Chagas Lessa da Silva (instituto federal do espírito santo)
Abstract:
In micro-alloyed steels with niobium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, and chromium it is important to evaluate the stoichiometries and the number of carbides formed with these elements. The effectiveness of carbides depends on the size and precipitated volumetric fraction and is responsible for improving mechanical strength, through grain refining and secondary hardening, a mechanism that replaces Fe3C cementite iron. However, it is very difficult to know the stoichiometry and the quantity of these carbides, through optical and scanning electron microscopy. In this case, a possible identification is with the FactSage software, which is a fully integrated computer system with access to the thermodynamic information of liquid and solid metallic solutions, oxides, nitrides, carbides, and others. The FactSage software allows researchers to evaluate the quantity and temperature of the solubilization of the precipitated carbides during cooling or heating, in the steel manufacturing stages. In this work, four fusions of microalloyed steels were elaborated and the determination of the types of carbides, considering the thermodynamic balance, was carried out with the FactSage software, version 8.0 from the FSteel database and varying the temperature between 100 to 1400 ºC. The result indicates the presence of carbides M3C2, M7C3, and M23C6, responsible for the increase in mechanical resistance and wear. The literature shows that carbides of type M7C3 and M23C6 are mainly of chromium and molybdenum and have complex stoichiometry, forming relatively coarse dispersions and related to secondary hardening and subsequent coalescence.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): LARISSA VILELA COSTA (ECM USA Inc.), Vincent LELONG (ECM USA INC.), PEDRO PAIVA BRITO (PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE MINAS GERAIS), JOSÉ RUBENS GONÇALVES CARNEIRO (PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DE MINAS GERAIS), EMMANUEL PAUTY (ECM TECHNOLOGIES), YVES GIRAUD (ECM TECHNOLOGIES), PIERRE BERTONI (ECM TECHNOLOGIES), DENNIS BEAUCHESNE (ECM USA INC.)
Abstract:
The development of mechanical components with lower weight and capacity to support a large range of torques, such as gears used for electrical vehicles (EV), is guiding the industry to improve the steel alloys and heat treatment as well. Low pressure carbonitriding (LPCN) and high pressure gas quenching (HPGQ) are adequate to improve the performance of gears, with a better thermal distortion control and without the issues of intergranular oxidation (IGO). For this work four steel alloys 20MnCr5 20MnCr5B, SAE 8620 and SAE 8620Nb were LPCN, HPGQ and tempered. The hardness profile, retained austenite, residual stress, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) profiles, and average grain size, were discussed with respect to the fatigue properties.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): WANDERSON FERNANDES MACHADO (ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO.)
Abstract:
This article aims to identify and propose solutions to reduce the preventive shutdowns of the Converter units, in this way, improving the alignment of the preventive shutdowns of the operating units of the Steel Mill, enabling the increase in steel production and reduction of maintenance costs, while ensuring the reliability of the equipment. The study was developed during an analysis of the annual maintenance plan for preventive equipment shutdowns. Stratifying the frequencies of all operating units that impact steel production, the average time of each preventive shutdown, the reduced production volume during each event, identifying the resources and staff needed to carry out the alignments and reductions of preventive maintenance shutdowns. Converters. In the proposed scenario, preventive shutdowns at Converter units were reduced, increased availability of units by 64 hours, increased production by 9.84 tons of steel per year, reduced resources, longer planning time between maintenance and reduced maintenance costs . Based on the information reported, the proposed scenario was implemented, ensuring a greater volume of annual production, depending on the availability and reliability of the operating units.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): raquel de souza correa (TERNIUM), Bernardo de Albuquerque Leal (Ternium), Italo Nathan de Lira Lima (ternium)
Abstract:
The emergence of Industry 4.0 allows the creation of integrated systems that facilitate the management of industrial processes and allow interactions between different production areas. The steel industry has increasingly adopted new technologies that are part of industry 4.0, these technologies facilitate the automation of its production processes and allow greater control over operational variables. This work presents the implementation of integrated systems in the management of co-products and waste at Ternium Brasil.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Sean Simpson - Founder and CSO of Lanza Tech
Abstract:
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Daniel Rodrigues - Director at Brats sintered filters and metallic powders
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Natalia Rezende Pinheiro Leite (GERDAU), Marcus Vinicius Silva Ferreira (GERDAU), JoÃo Paulo Elias Barbosa (GERDAU), GUILHERME LIZIERO RUGGIO DA SILVA (GERDAU)
Abstract:
The quality of coke is one of the pillars for the production of hot metal. Within the list of characterization tests used, the Coke Strength after the Boudouard reaction, CSR - Coke Strength after Reaction is the main parameter of physical and metallurgical quality of the coke related to the performance in the blast furnace preparation zone. This test is standardized by ASTM / D5341M - 2014 with an average duration of 4 hours.The objective of this work is to correlate a drumming test performed before Boudouard's reaction, named in this article CSBR - Coke Strength before Reaction, with the measured CSR result of the respective coke. A mathematical model for CSR prediction from CSBR was created, with RMSE of 2.2%. The main progress of the work is the anticipation of decision making in the AF's Operation and in the Coke Production and Senting processes in function of obtaining the CSR estimated in the model.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Marcelo Koiti FUGIHARA (belge consultoria), fábio heiji yamada (belge consultoria), João Gabriel Hernandes (belge consultoria)
Abstract:
Efficiency in logistics management is a crucial requirement to ensure meeting of demand and adequate performance of supply chains. This paper presents a consulting project developed for a mining company that operates in Peru, focusing on management of the road transportation of copper concentrate from its extraction in the mine to its shipping in the seaport, including several intermediate processes and micro activities. The methodology employed dynamic simulation of processes to evaluate resource utilization, process bottlenecks and improvement opportunities in the operation. The analysis involves several scenarios, which are based on varying system parameters, and the results indicate the ideal conditions for many of these parameters, supporting strategic decisions of the mining company.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): AUGUSTO LUIS MARUCCI (SUEZ TECNOLOGIAS E SOLUÅES PARA TRATAMENTO DE µGUAS LTDA)
Abstract:
Brazil is one of the main countries facing the recycling of aluminum cans, obtaining the percentage of 97.9% of the total packaging produced in 2015. The aluminum can manufacturing process consists of cutting, stretching, washing, drying steps and painting. Among these steps, the generation of liquid effluents stands out in a special way due to the great opportunity in terms of chemical load reduction (COD), reduction in sludge generation and application of chemical specialties. Faced with these challenges, a multinational plant located in the Northeast chose to change the philosophy of the technology implemented in its industrial effluent treatment plant, the previous technology being an inorganic base for the SEUZ technology with an organic base. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that the SUEZ organic technology proved to be superior in COD removal, sludge reduction and environmental gains, such as: reduced energy consumption, compliance with environmental standards and less environmental liabilities
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Bruno César Calazans de andrade (Ternium)
Abstract:
Ternium, the largest steel maker in Latin America, in Brazil since 2017 working on the production of semifinished, serving various market segments, such as automotive, oil and gas, machinery, tin plate, naval and energy industries. The free opening rate has a great impact on the safety of operators, as it reduces the exposure to risk when using oxygen lance for opening, on the quality and cost of the steel produced as well. If there is non-free opening, an oxygen burning lance is required to open the ladle, causing the exposure of the stream to the atmosphere with consequent oxidation of the steel. Therefore, the proper choice of the filler sand material of the nozzle and well block, combined with good operational practices, such as monitoring the presence of skull at the bottom of the ladle, excess slag, dirt in the valve and misalignment of the addition tube, are factors that guarantee a high level of free opening. Aiming at a higher free opening rate, the sand filling system from quartz-chromite was changed to quartz-chromite-zirconite, developed by Carboox Resende Indústria e Comércio de Refratários Ltda. This work shows the results achieved with this new material and optimized operating practices that made it possible to increase the average free opening rate from 98.93% in 2018 to 99,69% in 2021, reaching the best free opening rate in 10 years of plant operation
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Francisco Willian da Silva Gomes (UFC (CAMPUS DO PICI)
Abstract:
For the past decades, the use of calcium carbide, a well-known reducing agent at the secondary steelmaking, was extensively covered by many studies. The main features sought on this material, among many others, are its effect on lowering the oxidation potential of the ladle slag, increasing the alloy recovery rate, and reducing the number of nonmetallic inclusions on the semi-finished product. On this study, two types of calcium carbide were tested, one with a granulometry varying from 0-4 mm, and the other varying from 2-10 mm. The objective was to evaluate their effect on the desulfurization and deoxidation, during the tapping from the electric arc furnace to the ladle, and under the steel treatment at the ladle furnace station. The results showed a potential for the fine grain calcium carbide as a desulfurization agent during tapping, reaching 13 % of sulfur removal from the furnace sample to the ladle sample, as highlight by past studies, due to its powder morphology. The deoxidating result was better reported during the chemical composition adjustment, for both materials, at the ladle station, obtained reduction of approximately 5 and 8 kg in the silicon and silicon-manganese alloy addictions, respectively.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Franz Ramstorfer (Ternium Brasil), Leonardo Martins Demuner (Ternium Brasil), Oliver Lang (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH), Christian Ortner (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH), Martin Schuster (Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH)
Abstract:
Knowing the intensity of peritectic behavior of steel grades during solidification in the mold is essential for adjusting casting parameters in order to cast peritectic steel grades defect-free under stable casting conditions. The peritectic behavior of various steel grades from the whole production spectrum was measured using the Peritectic Expert of the MoldExpert system, which determines the peritectic behavior based on temperature measurements in the mold copper plates and expresses it as a dimensionless Peritectic Index. Based on these measurements, an analytic correlation between chemical composition and peritectic index for characterizing steel grades could be found.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Eustaquio Vieira Junior (Ternium Brasil), Norberto Mangiavacchi (UERJ), José da Rocha Miranda Pontes (UERJ), Alexandre da Silva Damasio (Tenrium Brasil)
Abstract:
Blast Furnace 2 of Ternium Brasil steelmaking company, in Rio de Janeiro, started to operate in December 16th, 2010. During its service life, the cast iron stave coolers displaced into the blast furnace and the copper stave coolers deformed, generating the lost of refrigeration capacity of these cooling system components. This paper presents the evaluation of techniques used to maintain the stability of the equipment shell, emphasizing the aspects of fluid dynamics, maintenance methods and the thermal consequences in stave cooler bodies. The main results of this research are the best procedures to stabilize the cooler system in good conditions without causing damages in the Blast Furnaces shell, and improvements in actual maintenance techniques to preserve the equipment and extend its service life
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Carlos henrique gomes sampaio (ternium br)
Abstract:
Sintering process is important to the competitiveness of integrated steel makers around the world. The stability of this process is the key to the sinter quality. When in a high amount in the metallic burden of the blast furnaces has a direct influence on the process stability. The good chemical, physical and metallurgical quality of the sinter is a daily challenge for process engineering, since continuous ore quality deterioration. Studies looking for improvements that can be applied to the process will be presented in this paper, and were carried out in the Sintering Process of Ternium Brasil. It allow gains in physical quality, overall yield of sinter product and productivity in sintering. Keywords: Sintering; Sinter; Continuous Improvement; Iron Making.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): HENRIQUE DIAS GATTI TURRER (Anglo American)
Abstract:
The Minas-Rio industrial complex has a crushing facility designed to process more than 56 million wmt/year. The project, which started in 2014, faced many restrictions that prevented the plant to explore the real capacity of the system. In 2019, these restrictions were over and an industrial campaign was planned to assess the real possible productivity. However, in this campaign one of the most important factors for crushing performance, the amount of material greater than +150 mm in the ROM, was not evaluated. A series of simulations were performed to quantify the mass flows of process streams in order to determine the effect of ROM particle size distribution on crushing. The results showed that the bottlenecks and, consequently, the mass flow of the final product varied according to the scenario considered. The resulting model of the simulations also exhibited a strong adherence with the results practiced industrially so far.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): claudeir carvalho silveira (arcelormittal vega), Nathália Magalhães (ArcelorMittal Vega), Leandro Trindade (ArcelorMittal Vega), Charles Pierri de Souza (ArcelorMittal Vega), Gustavo Anselmo Burati (ArcelorMittal Vega), Tiago da Silva Fernandes (ArcelorMittal Vega), Alexandre Cortez (ArcelorMittal Brasil)
Abstract:
This work describes the steps of development, the technical characteristics and the qualification process for the production of coils with high thickness (2.0-2.3mm) produced as Galvanized (Zn) by ArcelorMittal Vega, resulting from the request of the Annual Market Development Plan in April 2016. The work also includes the main technical conditions for the supply of the new product as dimensions, passivation and coating, quality control and, also, the tests applied to the characterization of the new product to ensure its compliance with customer standards
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): LARISSA FERNANDES NUNES (MRS Logística)
Abstract:
During the performance of rail freight transport, the dissipation of tensions between the train and the track is carried out through the wheel-rail contact. This interaction and transfer of forces allows the formation of superficial deformation layers in the rail. These layers are commonly referred to in the literature as WEL (White Etching Layer) and BEL (Brown Etching Layer). They are composed of a mix of microstructures that may contain nanosaturated ferrite, retained austenite, cementite and martensite. Due to the high degree of deformation, WEL and BEL, when present on the rail, favor the appearance of cracks, which, if left untreated, can propagate and lead to asset failure. Currently, the method used to control deformed layers is the grinding process of material. Grinding works by removing the deformed layer from the rail. In this way, as the cycles go by, the head mass is reduced, decreasing its useful life. Therefore, this work aims to develop a heat treatment methodology capable of relieving the strain of deformed layers without harming the properties of the region without deformation of the rail. With the application of this treatment on the track, the grinding cycles can be carried out in a longer period of time, reducing the induced wear of the billet. Initially, a heat treatment at 200°C for 5 minutes was performed on a rail sample donated by MRS Logistics. After treatment, material analyzes were performed and compared with the base metal, showing great potential for application of the technique.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): rodrigo silva do rosario (NOVELIS DO BRASIL LTDA), Ronaldo Schittini Gardoni JUNIOR (primetals technologies), Lucas Henrique Gomes Ferreira (Primetals Technologies)
Abstract:
The manufacturing industry in Brazil goes through a moment of increasing demand to modernize its assets to increase productivity by means of improving its operational efficiency in a scenario where there is no demand for direct production capacity expansion due to world overcapacity. This productivity improvement strategy means that industrial parks undergo constant renovations with an emphasis on reducing machine downtime, whose main factor is the use of already obsolete equipment. It is within the technically challenging scenario of aluminum hot rolling and the growing demand for optimization of electrical and automation systems that the project to modernize the control systems of the DC converters of the main motors of the Novelis Brazil’s Hot Finishing Mill (HFM) takes place.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:45 PM
Presenter(s): THAIS DE LIMA ALVES PINHEIRO FERNANDES (CSN Mineração)
Abstract:
The determination of the transportable moisture limit (TML) in iron ore has become mandatory for the release of cargo whose logistics depend on transoceanic sea transport. According to the guidelines of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), a specialized agency of the United Nations, which defines rules to ensure the safety of marine traffic, it is only possible to start loading a ship when the moisture value of the cargo is less than the TML value. This study aims to assess, and if possible, establish mathematical correlations capable of predicting the TML parameter based on physical and chemical characteristics of iron ore
HR Rounds
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Willy Ank de Moraes - Professor da UNISANTA
Abstract:
Round Table
6/8/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinators: Carlos Eduardo Pinedo - Heat Tech Technical Director; Carlos Humberto Sartori - Application Engineering and Technical Advisory Specialist with Villares Metals
Abstract:
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 2:10 PM - 6/8/22, 2:40 PM
Presenter(s): Sérgio Neves Monteiro - Professor at IME - Instituto Militar de Engenharia
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): jean philippe santos gherardi de alencar (vale), lEANDRO DIJON de OLIVEIRA CAMPOS (vale), amaury de melo souza (VALE), JULIANA DE MORAES MARRECO DE FREITAS (VALE)
Abstract:
Hydrogen has gained attention from policy makers and private sector as a viable alternative substitute of fossil fuels for the decarbonization of transportation, aviation, steel and other industries. In the energy sector, for instance, it has shown great potential to be used as source of energy storage within a scenario of major renewables penetration, such as solar and wind. In the present work, we have evaluated the economic impact of using hydrogen to reduce carbon emissions of the steel industry in Brazil. We have highlighted the main cost components of green hydrogen production, such as Capex, utilization factor, electricity cost, weighed averaged cost of capital and storage, and we have found that with levelized cost of production of $2.5/kg, hydrogen becomes economically unfeasible to be used as reductant gas injected in replacement of PCI in the blast furnaces. However, by achieving costs below $1.5/kg, the abatement cost given certain prices of PCI and the cost of CO2 practiced in the external market would make this route economically viable. Finally, by considering a scenario where blast furnaces in Brazil would operate with 27.5 Kg H2/t hot metal, we estimate emissions cut by at least 11 Mt/a.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Helênio Resende Silva Junior (PAUL WURTH), Wolfgang Kern (Paul Wurth), Thiago de Oliveira Mazzeu (Paul Wurth)
Abstract:
Paul Wurth is a traditional technological provider of metallurgical plants, committed to provide low emission and environmental friendly technologies. In a recent period, PW had the opportunity to supply the latest state-of-the-art technologies with the lowest emissions coke oven plants. For top charging batteries, the Jumbo type is a tendency. In some parts of the world, the stamp charging technology is preferred and the next generation with larger dimensions is being developed. The SOPRECO® system is a must in mitigation of emissions and can be implemented in both types of batteries, with the possibility of retrofitting in existing batteries. The movable machines are supplied with emission control devices covering charging, levelling and pushing operations. Gas treatment and by-products plant are designed to be emission free. Paul Wurth offers a two-step main biological process, which can be extended with additional process steps to accommodate zero discharge requirements. Finally yet of the utmost importance, considering the large numbers of ageing batteries worldwide, PW defined specific products and refurbishment methodology to be easily customizable to old Batteries.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Igor barros Mairinck (aperam)
Abstract:
PROBLEM: LONG PERMANENCE TIME OF VEHICLES INSIDE THE PLANT OF THE APERAM at TIMOTEO PLANT. OBJECTIVE: To REDUCE TPV (VEHICLE PERMANENCE TIME). SCOPE: STEEL PRODUCT DISPOSAL FROM THE 4 STORAGE SHARES INCLUDED IN 2 COMPANY AREA MANAGEMENTS.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): BRENO TOTTI MAIA (LUMAR METALURGICA LTDA)
Abstract:
The sub-lance has become an essential equipment in the primary refining of steel. Great attention is paid to the quality of the samples and their impacts on the quality of the steel produced. This article discusses improvements in the final end of this equipment with the objective of increasing the life of the equipment and reducing the number of occurrences of cleaning of skulls and increasing the connection confiability of the sensors
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): neiclésio nunes ibiapina (SINOBRAS - SIDERÚRGICA NORTE BRASIL S.A.), Allison de sá barreto (SINOBRAS - SIDERÚRGICA NORTE BRASIL S.A.), Dimereis José Rosa Filho (SINOBRAS - SIDERÚRGICA NORTE BRASIL S.A.), Alexandre Alves de Mendonça (SINOBRAS - SIDERÚRGICA NORTE BRASIL S.A.)
Abstract:
The Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) is a very versatile equipment for steel production. Its function is to melt the metallic charge (scrap, fluxes, hot metal or pig iron) and heat the metal bath to the appropriate casting temperature using both chemical and electrical energy. The correct application of these energies is a determining factor for increasing energy efficiency and reducing costs in an electric melt shop. To optimize EAF chemical and electrical energy, the Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology was used, which allows the study and testing of process variables and the complexity of their interactions, helping to reduce process variability through statistical analysis. The result was a significant reduction in electricity consumption, Power On and increased productivity.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): maria carolina campello bezerra campos (Vesuvius), Márcia Maria da Silva Monteiro Pereira (vesuvius), Alexandra de Almeida Diego (vesuvius), Marco Túlio Dias Lima (vesuvius), Fernando Paulucio Quinelato (vesuvius), Vinícius Cunha Aranda (ternium br), Douglas Crelier Teixeira (ternium br), Diego Cesana Meyrellis (ternium br), Laryssa de Jesus Ramos (ternium br), Ivana da Silva Ferreira (ternium br)
Abstract:
In this paper will be presented the improvement in the superficial quality of high manganese steel applied in the continuous casting of slabs, during the use of spherical mold flux with the addition of manganese oxide. This flux was developed in the laboratory and its performance was evaluated in the mold of the continuous casting slab machine. The results of the laboratory development of the mold flux and the data collected during application of the product will be presented and elucidated, considering the main variables in the continuous casting that influence the mold flux's behavior. It was possible to adapt the mold flux to the performance needs in the mold and achieve good results of surface quality
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Grzegorz Knoppik (TRB), Yannick Pruvost (TRB)
Abstract:
The ECOFIB technology has made its proofs in many applications where common refractory material does not meet its requirements. Besides cement plants, foundries, steel shops, this product has also various innovative applications in blast furnace casthouses. The extreme working conditions conditioned by hot metal projections, corrosion, thermal Shocks, very high temperature, radiation and sometimes a mix of some or even all of these factors may cause severe damages to the BF installations. ECOFIB is an ideal product which resist to these conditions better than common refractories especially when it comes to thermal Shocks and hot metal projections. Thanks to its excellent properties, ECOFIB is perfectly suitable for protections. Various application of this product on the BF casthouses will be discussed in the following document.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): FERNANDA BORBA MACHADO (GERDAU ACOMINAS SA)
Abstract:
This paper aims to evaluate the influence of “Sucata D” (a byproduct from steelmaking) on the parameters and sintering process variables, with the purpose of identify a suitable application for this byproduct, basing on circular economy principles, linked with sustainability. This study was based on bench scale simulation (sinter pot) with different participation of “Sucata D” and after sinter pot tests and some preliminaries analysis, a trial test was performed to confirm the behavior observed during the bench scale simulation. As a conclusion, the obtained results demonstrate the viability of including this byproduct in the sintering process as a sinter mix compound.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Raul Carretero de la hoz (VALE)
Abstract:
S11D is an iron ore mining project undertaken by Vale in Serra dos Carajás, Brazil. It is the largest iron ore mine project in the world. Truckless technology, replacing fixed crushers and off highway trucks (OHT), the system uses movable crushers and conveyor belts. A structure comprised of shovels and movable crushers extracts the iron ore and feeds about 30 kilometers of conveyor belts, which leads the product to the processing plant. The first stage of the study is the analysis of the rock blast design with cross hole techniques to analyze the seed waves to calculate VP (wave velocity in each lithology) and borehole timing. With this seed wave analysis, a near field model will be done to simulate vibrations and PPV (peak particle velocity). The second stage is the study of the face movement with high velocity camera to analyze the rows timing. The last stage is a crater analysis to optimize the stemming and reduce the ejection of the material.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): ROGERIO RABELO CUNHA (VALE SA), Marcelo Lucas Pereira Machado (IFES)
Abstract:
Bulk cargos maritime transportation represents significant risks to the vessel, its crew, and the environment, and is duly regulated by IMO (International Maritime Organization), who created the IMSBC (International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes Code) and suggested to governmental institutions to use it directly or as a foundation to their national regulations. According to IMSBC, bulk cargoes susceptible to liquefaction are those which can be liquefied if loaded with moisture above its TML (Transportable Moisture Limit). The application of empirical models for moisture prediction takes huge importance in this context, supporting due time decisions to guarantee the overall safety cargo and regulatory requirements compliance. Over 1200 iron ore fines cargoes, with chemical quality, moisture and size distribution were used for the modeling and four different models were developed to moisture prediction (time series, regression, and artificial neural network). The obtained results showed artificial neural network models were able to explain higher variance, over 70%, thus being more suitable to industrial application.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Carlos Alberto Chaves (UFF)
Abstract:
When thinking of Technology, we usually think of products, machines and equipment. This association comes from a very narrow conception of technology. Such terms, although they are related to technology, mean only one of its components or designate specific fields of knowledge, but they are far from ending their full meaning. Developing, selecting and implementing techniques and tools that enable them to combine technology and business strategy has been the objective of several organizations/companies. This, which was an exclusive concern of large world-class companies, also entered the agenda of Small Businesses (SBE's) that experience competition knocking on their door as a result of globalization and the opening of national economies. SBE's are gradually adopting innovation management techniques and their benefits are greater when they serve the organization's strategic goals rather than just remedying specific problems. This work shows how the application of technology management techniques and tools aimed at innovation can improve the competitiveness of SBE's and contribute to their survival in markets of fierce competition and continuous change.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): bruno alexandre contessi (engineering simulation and scientific sofware ltda), carlos eduardo fontes (ENGINEERING SIMULATION AND SCIENTIFIC SOFWARE LTDA), Luiz Antonio da Paz Campagnac (ENGINEERING SIMULATION AND SCIENTIFIC SOFWARE LTDA)
Abstract:
A Digital Twin is a faithful digital representation of a real industrial asset. This representation may be achieved using artificial intelligence applied to historical data or using physical-based mathematical models, which are equations that can be derived from fundamental physics. No matter which approach is chosen, a Digital Twin must reproduce and predict a real-life system or equipment behavior. It will be used to predict the moment an asset should be stopped for maintenance, its behavior if there are changes to the operation parameters (what-if analysis), as well as many other critical pieces of information. Good data-based models are generated using information about which operational conditions led to the equipment failure. And it is essential to have information about all possible symptoms of the coming failure. If this information is not available, the model might not represent the asset behavior correctly. Physics-based models do not have such limitations and can even complement real data gaps with synthetic data. However, this approach demands very detailed asset geometry and material information, and these models are computationally expensive. This article seeks to present all concepts involved in the creation of a Dig ital Twin dedicated to predictive maintenance. Application cases will be presented.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:25 PM - 6/8/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Alan Melquiades Bramusse de Castro (TSA – Tecnologia de Sistemas de Automação SA)
Abstract:
This paper describes the automation solution for an Intelligent Chute to eliminate the occurrences of obstructions of the Chute due to the accumulation of material inside and consequently its overflow. The solution is based on the mathematical study by the Discrete Elements Method - DEM, considering all the data of the materials transported by it, data of its geometry and of the process, the results of the mathematical study subsidize the dimensioning of the automation equipment for integration with the Chute. The implementation of the Intelligent Chute solution will ensure that actions are taken in the Chute and in the Process as soon as the tendency of material accumulation inside the Interior is identified, preventing this accumulation of material from evolving to a partial or total obstruction of the Chute thus increasing the time available equipment and reducing the exposure of workers to the labor risks of manual clearance
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 2:40 PM - 6/8/22, 3:10 PM
Presenter(s): André Luiz Vasconcellos da Costa e Silva - Technical Director at IBQN - Instituto Brasileiro da Qualidade Nuclear; Assistant professor at UFF - Fluminense Federal University
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): cristiano de oliveira neville (ternium brasil)
Abstract:
Coke plays a fundamental role in the reduction process of Blast Furnaces, where moisture content is significantly important, because its elimination provides an endothermic reaction, stealing oven heat, which can generate losses in mass balance and pig iron production. The analysis of the factors that affect the moisture content of coke in steel mills that have a wet quenched system is a topic that is widely discussed internally. Many measures are taken to reduce coke moisture, such as the use of batch compositions, coke preparation techniques and parameters, wet quenched system settings in quenching towers so that whole coke charge in the charging car is uniformly cooled, cleaning of water nozzles, uniform distribution of coke on the ramp; residence time of the coke in the ramp until the end of the flow to the Stock House bins. This work aims to show the influences of coke moisture content from its wet quenching in the Coke Plant to the supply of blast furnaces
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Lucas Meira (Vallourec Soluções Tubulares S.a.)
Abstract:
Vallourec Soluções Tubulares S.A. has a natural gas supply contract with GASMIG, the concessionaire in Minas Gerais, in which it is necessary to program the daily volume to be consumed of this source at the Barreiro plant. If the daily volume of natural gas consumed is below or above the margin established by contract with the volume asked by Vallourec, a penalty is applied by GASMIG. Due to this scenario, a work was carried out with the internal consumers of the Barreiro plant aiming to improve the planning of daily consumption of natural gas in view of the day's production plan. By improving the natural gas consumption regressions of the main consumers together with the work of the operations, Data Science and energy management teams , it was possible to achieve a reduction in the payment of fines for deviations from programming of approximately 73%.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): HELTON JACKSON COSTA (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE)
Abstract:
Sulfur has been considered deleterious to the steel quality in the vast majority of cases, causing reduction of ductility and impact toughness, and worsening the properties of weldability and resistance to corrosion, and can generate surface problems in billets or slabs. The source of sulfur in the steelmaking process is the fossil fuels that are being used in the ironmaking process, to react with the iron ore generating hot metal, and it causes the necessity of a pre-treatment of the hot metal to remove the sulfur before a BOF process because the reaction of desulfurization is favored in reduction atmospheres. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been used to model processes in which there is great difficulty in visualization and experimentation, using equations and mathematical models to predict the behavior of fluids in the system and with this information to be able to investigate possibilities of adjustments in the processes according to the target of each operation. Thus, the present work adopts CFD simulations to analyze the current process of ArcelorMittal Monlevade desulfurization, to determine optimum conditions of injection lance heights and gas flow rate to minimize the mixing time, since this is the best configuration to achieve the maximum efficiency for the desulfurization process. The results of these simulations demonstrate that the best conditions are when the injection lance is as close as possible to the ladle bottom with high gas flow rate
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): PAULO ROBERTO OGLIARI HOPPERDIZEL (LUMAR METALURGICA LTDA)
Abstract:
JSPL Angul, India a Steel company with plant capacity of 6.0 millions tons per year is having Blast furnace and DRI plant, Steel Melt shop with one BOF of 250 ton capacity and one EAF of 250 ton capacity. During January’2019 JSPL has planned to implement a chemical energy package revamp on the EAF to increase the productivity. This revamp consisted in a new EAF chemical package supplied by Lumar Metals, the papers shows the project development and operational results of EAF.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): DIMEREIS JOSE ROSA FILHO (SIDERURGICA NORTE BRASIL SA), NEICLESIO NUNES IBIAPIINA (siderurgica norte brasil), aLEXANDRE ALVES DE MENDONÇA (SIDERURGICA NORTE BRASIL), ALLISON DE SA FERREIRA (SIDERURGICA NORTE BRASIL SA), ANTONIO CARLOS DE SOUZA (SIDERURGICA NORTE BRASIL SA)
Abstract:
This work aims to present the main results in the conditions of the copper molds used in the continuous billet casting process in relation to the refrigeration parameters of SAE 1024 steel in an electric melt shop at Siderúrgica Norte Brasil in order to increase the average life of the copper molds, reduce deformations and bubble effect generated by the turbulence of pressurized water in the ingot mold liners, improving stability in the primary cooling of the billet solidification process, optimizing the water control and regulation process and increasing the quality of the billets. Through analysis and observation of the process associated with bibliographic reviews, hypothesis testing of the best conditions of the primary refrigeration parameters was proposed. The result was a reduction in the overheating of the external mold wall, reduction of internal wear due to the number of castings, better operational stability and an increase in the average number of mold runs in operation at the melt shop
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Gisele chaves garducci (paul wurth), Victor Freire de Oliveira (PAUL WURTH), Gustavo Germano Pereira (PAUL WURTH), Julia Cardim Gomes (PAUL WURTH)
Abstract:
The past years have seen a global and progressive decrease in the quality of iron and steelmaking raw materials. The demand for the production of steel with low levels of sulfur, phosphorus and silicon has, however, been on the rise. The prior removal of these elements in the hot metal pre-treatment stages represents several technical and economic advantages such as improvement of the final product quality, productivity increase and cost reduction in the steel production process. This paper aims at addressing both the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the desiliconization, desulfurization and dephosphorization of hot metal, as well as at reviewing and discussing the methodologies that have been predominantly used in industrial scale.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): FERNANDO GUSTAVO CORREA DE MELO (Companhia siderugica nacional)
Abstract:
The pellet feed addition in conventional sintering has become a common practice due to the increased sinter feed silica content, requiring adjustments to the sintering process routes. With the acquisition of the intensive mixer, CSN increased the share of pellet feed in the mix to sinter in its industrial process. In this context, the effect of increasing the participation of the pellet feed in the mixture to be sintered from 15% to 20% in the pilot sintering process was evaluated using the intensive mixer. The results indicated variation in productivity, sinter yield and sinter mechanical properties as presented in the present study
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Carolina das graças graciano Guimarães (Anglo American), Henrique dias gatti turrer (anglo american), Thayanne Gabryelle Martins souza (anglo american), Danielle Oliveira RODRIGUES (anglo american), Jose francisco cabello russo (anglo american), Eduardo Evangelista CAIXETA (anglo american)
Abstract:
This paper approaches the evaluation of the industrial performance of a Bulk Ore Sorting (BOS) system for the nickel laterite ore from Barro Alto deposit. The typical natural heterogeneity of lateritic deposits represents one of the main requirements for the use of BOS technology. It has motivated Anglo American to build a demonstration unit in order to evaluate the compatibility of Barro Alto ore with the BOS technology. In this context, 3500 tons samples of ROM of the six different types of ore present in Barro Alto deposit were fed into the demonstration plant. The unit is composed by a crusher, to reduce the granulometry up to 150mm, an analyzer with PGNAA technology that provides the chemical composition of the ore every 30 seconds, and a conveyor belt system to divert the streams according to the desired cutoff grade. The results measured has indicated mass recoveries between 72.36% and 92.58% and nickel enrichments between 1.05% and 9.28%. The grade tonnage curves built from the sensor readings indicated a range of scenarios (mass recoveries and nickel enrichments) to use the technology strategically.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): HENRIQUE PEIXOTO DE SOUZA ALMEIDA (FUNDACAO COPPETEC), Guilherme Pereira de Oliveira (Vale S.A.), Rodrigo Magalhães de Carvalho (Fundacao COPPETEC), Luis Marcelo Marques Tavares (Fundacao COPPETEC)
Abstract:
Transfer chutes are essential components during handling ores through conveyor belts. The flow of material through these devices is influenced by several variables. While traditionally designed using good practices based on experience, the increase in computational capacity has allowed the application of the discrete element method in its simulation, from the modeling of the individual behavior of particles. Typically, the greatest challenge is the selection of contact model and parameters so that the material behavior can be described with high fidelity. The present work describes the approach used in calibration of these contact parameters of a sample of iron ore containing two moisture contents and two different contact surfaces. The approach starts with bench-scale tests, followed by experiments in a pilot-scale handling system, concluding with the verification in an industrial-scale chute. It was concluded that some of the tests respond more sensibly to certain material behaviors, so that their combined use demonstrated to allow realistic description of the material flow, even when simulating particles with simplified shapes and size distributions.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Gabriel Godinho Alves (Arcelormittal Tubarão), Alexandre Cortez (ArcelorMittal Brasil), Bruno B. S. Murad (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), Claudeir C. Silveira (ArcelorMittal Vega), Fabiano A. Barbosa (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), Fabio L. Gouvea (ArcelorMittal Vega), Flavio J. S. Rodrigues (Global R&D Brazil South America), Gustavo Wiermann (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), Marcelo Uyeno (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), Morgana G. Lima (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), Thiago B. O. Braga (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), Wilson G. B. Ney (ArcelorMittal Tubarão)
Abstract:
Product Development Plan (PDP) in FCLATAM (Coils and Slabs Market) has the participation of several areas. The main stages would be market analysis, trend studies of new steels by Global R&D, the production and commercialization of high added value products (HAV steels) and even the identification of technological gaps for new investments in AM Tubarao and / or Vega plants. PDP governance has been presented as an efficient tool for better control of the items in the Annual Product Development Plan, increase in Value Creation and Ebitda
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): luis cristovao mol alves (csn mineração)
Abstract:
With the acquisition of new John Deere equipment at a mining company, the maintenance team noticed a high number of occurrences regarding the fuel supply system of the 850J-II crawler tractors and perceived that most of the events were obstruction of the fuel filter, it was serving only about 40% of the durability time specified by the manufacturer. Therefore, was used the PDCA methodology in conjunction with brainstorming and Ishikawa to reach the root cause: diesel filter sizing. After analysis and feasibility tests, all 850J-II diesel filter heads were replaced by the John Deere 744K wheel loader head, generating positive results to the Company in operation, maintenance, productivity and the environment
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): pedro henrique de moura couto (vale), Gabriel Duarte Lott (vale), Mário Sérgio Santos (vale), Mateus Filipe Silva (vale), Cássio Pascoal Costa (vale), Paulo Henrique Vieira Soares (vale)
Abstract:
In this paper, it is described and analyzed the implementation of a control technique using fuzzy theory in a mass flow control system at the output of a primary crushing circuit. We presented the methods used in the pre-implementation process of the expert control system, its objective and considerations that led to the confection of the expert fuzzy controller. With the vision of reducing the stops by low level of the silo and reduce the queues of trucks in the square, being exposed the conditions contained in the controller. After implementation, testing and adjustment period in the systems it is possible to observe gains in increased production volume, decreased stops by low level in the silo and decrease the queue of trucks waiting to tip. Keywords: process automation; fuzzy controllers; mass flow control; crushing.
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 2:50 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Antonio de Oliveira Siqueira - Director and technical manager of Prolab Ambiental
Abstract:
Keynote Speaker
6/8/22, 3:10 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Dagoberto Brandão Santos - Professor at UFMG - Federal University of Minas Gerais
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Diego salmin costa (Companhia Siderúrgica do Pecém)
Abstract:
Facing the agressive conditions, against the refractory structure of a coke oven plant, such as thermal dilatation and contact with abrasives, surge the necessity of some techniques and tools development that support on coke oven plant preventive maintenance in order to this be able achieve a lifespan close to or over 50 years old of operation. The main objective of this work is evaluate the crack impact on underjet system of a coke oven plant and how the process parameters are influenced by these structure pathologies. From this, use follow-up by air-refrigerated endoscopy mapping all the cracks and gas leakages with aim to apply refractory mass, by imersion method, in order to all the anomalies identified could be eliminated and process return to a level more constant.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Adriano Gomes de Freitas (Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) ), Ricardo Borges dos Santos (Zeppelin Systems Latin America), Yuri Oliveira Lima (Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)), Vitor Furlan de Oliveira (Universidade de São Paulo), Leandro Martins Pereira (Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)), Luis Alberto Martinez Riascos (Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC))
Abstract:
The handling of particulate materials by means of pneumatic conveying technique is a widespread process in industries. The applications and studies historically had their object of study migrated from transport in diluted phase to transport in dense phase, due to its reduction in energy consumption. However, such studies are highly empirical and their conclusions are, in most cases, limited to experimental conditions, so that to optimize a system taking into account both the transport rate and energy efficiency, it is necessary to carry out experimental tests. This work presents a systematic method to determine the pressure and the air flow necessary to operate a pneumatic conveying system aiming at its energy optimization. The method was tested and applied to an industrial pneumatic conveying system consisting of a 100 L compact blow tank, which introduces material in a 133 m long pipe with a 3 in diameter. The possibility of controlling the system with a minimum of two input parameters is demonstrated: limiting the pressure and flow of transport air, the respective power consumption and conveying rate are determined. The ratio between the last two parameters determine the energy efficiency of the conveying process.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): CAMILA BARBOSA ALBANI (ARCELORMITTAL - TUBARAO), daniele fonseca de lima (arcelormittal tubarão), bruno chagas bernardo (arcelormittal tubarão), Gilmar Santos de Souza (arcelormittal tubarão), Odair Kirmse (arcelormittal tubarão), Vinicios Andreatta (arcelormittal tubarão), Katia C Favalessa Mognato (arcelormittal tubarão)
Abstract:
Gunning refractory scrap from RH degasser and tundish are MgO rich sources and despite this fact, these scraps are destinated to landfill. For environmental impact and cost reductions, the spent refractories were tested at BOF as slag conditioner, replacing raw dolomite. Spent refractory was collected at scrap box and bags and added to BOF to conditioning slag according operational necessities. After chemical composition scrap analysis and trial on BOF with visual inspection, gunning scraps were evaluated as suitable to replace raw dolomite as slag conditioner. Also, residues that would be send to landfill were used as a byproduct, reducing CO2 emissions on transport and reducing consumption of no-renewable sources
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): ALLISON DE SA BARRETO FERREIRA (SIDERURGICA NORTE BRASIL SA)
Abstract:
Oxyfuel is a technique widely used in most industries for cutting steel due to the fact that it has the lowest cost, and its configuration is quick and simple. The cutting nozzle is one of the main components of this process, the cutting oxygen speed, its outlet pressure and the shape of the jet are directly related to the geometry of the cutting nozzle. The objective of the work is to compare, through computer simulation, analytical calculations and experimental tests, two cutting nozzles for the Sinobras Continuous Casting Oxyfuel machine, aiming to choose the one that will bring higher quality with lower cost for the cutting process. The difference between the speeds was proportional to the two analyzes, analytical and numerical, an increase of approximately 30% in the speed of the cutting oxygen with test nozzle. The test nozzle range, according to the numerical simulation, was also 50mm higher. However, there were no significant changes in the quality of the billet cut in the hypothesis test performed. There was a reduction in gas consumption, but in relation to the cost of the test nozzle, standardization is not feasible.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): rafael fernandes reis (USIMINAS), lEONARDO JOSE SILVA DE OLIVEIRA (USIMINAS), EVERTON PACO CUNHA (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
The bending/unbending regions are the most susceptible to surface cracks formation in the continuous casting process. Such cracks are strongly related to the processing conditions and to the hot ductility of the steel. Thus, the hot ductility curves for hypoperitetic steels, containing different levels of nitrogen and aluminum, were determined. For this, the specimens were hot deformed in the thermomechanical simulator Gleeble® at temperatures between 800 °C and 1100 °C in a controlled atmosphere. The deformation rate and the cooling cycles of the specimens simulated the industrial casting process. The results showed that, temperatures between of 800 °C to 1000 °C, ductility was significantly reduced in steels with a higher aluminum-nitrogen product, [Al]x[N], probably due to the higher fraction of aluminum nitride precipitates formed, evaluated by computational thermodynamic analysis. Microstructural and fracture analyzes indicated a tendency to change from ductile to brittle regime with a reduction in temperature and an increase in [Al]x[N]. For [Al]x[N] of the order 2x10-4, an area reduction of up to 30% was found with a fragile fracture with an intragranular aspect. According to the results of hot ductility of the steels studied in the conditions of secondary cooling, it was found that a greater control in the levels of aluminum and nitrogen, associated with a correct adjustment of the cooling plans of the machine, allow to minimize the risks of occurrence of cracks.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): ALEXANDRE AUGUSTO ANDRADE DA SILVA (PAUL WURTH (SMS GROUP))
Abstract:
Considered as an emergent technique in some normative documents (such as in ABNT NBR CEMA 7:2014), Discrete Element Method (DEM) is nowadays is fundamental for the complete development of equipment and plants, as well as in the project optimization process. As the reliability of granular particle flux studies in this technique often simplified as the “solids CFD” has been greatly improved in the last decade, the use of this powerful and robust numerical technique has allowed great advances in the field of mechanical engineering. The biggest contribution was the increase in the reliability of the results before the “classical” analytical methods that used additional majorations to try to circumvent the difficulty in measuring all the difficult variables related to contacts between particles and system boundaries. This article aims to briefly discuss examples of advances endorsed by the DEM technique in 2 projects, aiming at a look at the state of the DEM method in these common cases in the Steel Reduction process.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): gerson evaristo de paula júnior (USIMINAS - IPATINGA), beatriz fausta gandra (USIMINAS - IPATINGA), Alyson Rayhan Viana Marques (USIMINAS - IPATINGA), Arthur Felipe Lino Oliveira (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
The sinter feed depletion and its physical and chemical deterioration have forced the sinterings to use pellet feeds in their mixtures. However, this material used in high proportions tends to reduce the productivity of sinter machines, due to its granulometry. Thus, the increase in the participation of pellet feed in sintering has been studied, having as an important front the roller press to increase its specific surface. Therefore, in the present work has been evaluated, on a pilot scale, the use of pellets feed natural, specific surface of 560 cm2/ g, and pressed, 2600 cm2/ g of specified surface, in the proportion of 25%, in three different technologies for cold agglomeration (drum, double drum and intensive mixer + drum). In addition, the metallurgical quality of the sinters produced was evaluated. It was found that the best results in productivity and sinter quality were obtained from the mixture with the addition of pellet feed pressed in the double drum SYSTEM.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): NEYMAYER PEREIRA LIMA (VALE), Jonathan Melo (VALE), Jacek Kolacz (COMEX AS)
Abstract:
WITH THE RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SENSOR DETECTORS TOGETHER WITH IMPROVED THROUGHPUT FROM THE HIGH-SPEED COMPUTING, HAVE MADE SENSOR BASED SORTING (SBS) MORE ATTRACTIVE TO APPLY TO THE MINING INDUSTRY. THE USE OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE, X-RAY TRANSMISSION AND RADIOMETRIC SENSOR BASED SORTING CAN SELECTIVELY REMOVE GANGUE MINERALS IN DIFFERENT SIZE FRACTIONS FROM DIFFERENT MINERALS. THIS PAPER SUMMARIZES THE POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF SBS ON THREE IRON ORE SAMPLES AIMING TO INCREASE THE %FE THROUGH THE REMOVAL OF GANGUE MINERALS. PILOT PLANT TESTS WERE CARRIED OUT ON IRON ORE SAMPLES AT THREE DIFFERENT SIZE FRACTIONS WHICH CONTAINED DIFFERENT CONTENTS OF HEMATITE AND GANGUES. THE USE OF X-RAY TRANSMISSION SENSOR SHOWED IT WAS POSSIBLE TO INCREASE THE %FE FROM ~63% TO ABOVE 68% FOR PARTICLES -70+40 MM AND -40+16 MM. THE PRESENCE OF FINES ON THE FEEDS AFFECTED THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SBS X-RAYS TRANSMISSION MACHINE, ESPECIALLY FOR THE FINE -16+8 MM SAMPLE. THE MINERALOGICAL INVESTIGATION DETERMINED THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HEMATITE AND GANGUE MINERALS. THE DENSITY OF THE PARTICLES IN THE FEED COULD BE USED TO PREVIEW THE QUALITY OF PRODUCTS OF THE X-TRANSMISSION SORTING PROCESS. THE PRESENCE OF SCRAPS AND CONTAMINATION OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS AND SIZES CAN BE INCORPORATED INTO IRON ORE PRODUCTS ALONG THE PRODUCTION CHAIN, CAUSING SEVERAL COMPLAINTS FROM CUSTOMERS. THE APPLICATION OF SORTER TECHNOLOGY WITH AN X-RAY SENSOR CAN BE AN ALTERNATIVE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND REMOVAL OF SCRAPS, ACCORDING TO STUDIES UNDER DEVELOPMENT, THUS ENSURING THE SHIPMENT OF IRON ORE PRODUCTS FREE FROM SCRAPS AND CONTAMINATIONS.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Andres (UFRJ)
Abstract:
The characteristics of the raw materials used as the input of a sintering process determine the characteristics of the product and the operational problems that need to be solved in order to achieve a stable process. The variations in the quality of the input material cause operational problems that are amplified in large facilities where batches of materials are mixed and stocked into piles before being fed to the process. In this regard, knowledge of the variations that the input material presents while being fed is a key information for the operation and planification of the process. This work attempts to predict the variations that occur during the feeding of sinter feed from stockpiles created by piling several batches of material. The prediction is carried out by simulating the piling and reclaiming processes that take place in a stockyard with the aid of numerical methods. Each batch has been characterized previously by the supplier, thus, the simulation links known information with the prediction. The numerical method used in this work is able to reproduce the piling and reclaiming processes and to give a fair estimation of the different quality characteristics of the sinter feed while being fed to the process.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Franz Ramstorfer (Ternium BRASIL), Silvio Braz da Silva (Ternium Brasil), Luis Gaspar da Silva (Ternium Brasil), virgnia HALTY RIVERO (TERNIUM URUGUAI), Ingrid Moreira dos Santos (Ternium University), Bruno Lopes Xavier (ISI Sistemas Virtuais de Produção Firjan SENAI), Leonardo Martins Demuner (Ternium Brasil)
Abstract:
The present work describes the development and implementation of a VR hazard recognition training system in form of a “serious game” incorporating the continuous casting area of Ternium Brasil´s steel plant. Based on our fundamental Life-saving rules, audits and interviews, the most relevant risks in the continuous casting area were identified and incorporated in the simulation. The evaluation of the trainee’s feedback showed a very good reception of this new training method and proved itself as very effective in increasing the employees’ ability of hazard recognition in the steel plant environment. Utilizing this new technology in our safety training, Ternium Brasil made a considerable step forward to its very goal of zero incidents.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): VALÉRIA PONTES DE JESUS ROCHA (INS FED DE EDUC CIENC E TEC DO ESPIRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
Asset management through operational reliability has been a theme for achieving better asset value for a facility. In the case of pelletizing, there is a lack of literature describing the use of operational reliability indicators. This paper evaluates, through indicators and results obtained, the implementation of the operational reliability process at Vale Tubarão pelletizing plant. The main indicators were: downtime, loss time and the number of events related to the operation. The study found that, after the implementation of reliability, there was a decrease in downtime and losses in the A, C and E mills. Other plants were operationally impacted with the occurrence of single events. The implementation of operational reliability allowed for the proper treatment of critical and routine failures, especially recurrent ones, leading to a reduction in the number of failures. The process risks were treated and minimized from the structuring of the reliability routine.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:15 PM - 6/8/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): GABRIEL DUARTE LOTT (VALE SA), Mario Sérgio Santos (Vale), Pedro Henrique de Moura Couto (vale), WELLINTON MARCIO AGOSTINHO (PROGEN), DANIEL SILVEIRA DE ALENCAR (PROGEN), Paulo Henrique Vieira Soares (VALE)
Abstract:
Symbology and instrument identification are based on the ISA series S5 standards family. The first standard was published as Recommended Practice in 1949, revised, affirmed, and published later in 1992. These standards series had always add technology advances and reflect the experience gained over the time. This work aims to present the application of the ISA standards series to describe the control strategies and their modes of operation, symbology, and parameters for the complete instruments identification, in terms of location, philosophy, variable, function and modifiers of installed instruments an ore plant
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 5/9/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): PATRICK QUEIROZ DOS ANJOS (IFES), Janacely Demonier Kill (SIMEC), josé roberto de oliveira (ifes), FELIPE FARDIN GRILLO (ifes), Víctor dos Santos Dagostini (ifes)
Abstract:
O mercado tem uma demanda crescente por aços com níveis cada vez mais baixos de enxofre. Para atingir estes níveis, é necessário que o refino secundário, melhore cada vez mais seus processos de dessulfuração. Motivado por esta situação, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros de processo e as propriedades de escórias dessulfurizantes de aço, determinando sua influência na eficiência de dessulfurização em forno panela. 12 composições foram selecionadas com escória dessulfurizante do sistema CaO-CaC2-CaF2. As condições de equilíbrio foram simuladas utilizando a composição de misturas e aço nos softwares de termodinâmica computacional FactSage® e Thermo-Calc®. Concluiu-se que escórias contendo maiores porcentagens de fase líquida apresentam maior eficiência de dessulfuração. Outro ponto observado foi a diminuição da eficiência de dessulfuração com o aumento da viscosidade do sistema. Foram sugeridas equações para prever a eficiência da escória
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): MAURO ZAMPIERI LOUZADA (ufrj), clara johanna pacheco (UERJ), gabriela ribeiro pereira (ufrj)
Abstract:
This work aims to study the use of absolute probes as an alternative to detect sensitization of austenitic stainless steels by non-destructive eddy current testing. In contrast to the techniques currently applied, the use this technique makes it possible to adapt inspections to promote the automation of processes generated by advances in industry 4.0. In this study, a sample of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel, sensitized in the laboratory, was inspected through an eddy current equipment, using two different absolute probes, both produced at laboratory, operating in frequency range of 1 to 10 kHz. The results obtained proves the feasibility of using these probes to inspect sensitized structures, due to the variation in the responses obtained for the phase angle between the inspected specimens.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Giulliane Meireles Casali Gonçalves (ARCELORMITTAL), RAFAEL DOS SANTOS NASCIMENTO (arcelormittal ), rafael lopes (arcelormittal), Caio Marcello Felbiner Azevedo Cossú2 (universidade estacio de sá), Iury Otaviano De Oliveira (arcelormittal )
Abstract:
In the present work, the manufacturing process of round bars obtained in the hot rolling process is studied, which present quality deviations caused by excessive warping or above what is acceptable by the customer. The lamination process forms the raw material that passes between two rotating rollers that compress it, and have their section reduced and their length increased. It is a process that allows to obtain high productivity and good dimensional accuracy, in addition to a certain variety of shapes. In this process, the material is subjected to high compressive stresses, resulting from the direct action of two rolls, and to surface shear stresses, resulting from friction between the rolls and the material. Round bars are used in various segments of the industry, but mainly for the mechanical construction sector. The study aims to identify the process variables, which present the best result in relation to warping. For this, it was observed during the production campaigns which steel and process configurations had the lowest incidence of warping. Warping is an irregular geometric configuration being a limiting factor to meet the quality requirements demanded by the market. To assist in the analysis of the results, the DOE tool was used, which evaluates the variation of the results according to each parameter and with the interaction of the parameters. In this way, it was possible to verify the best condition to minimize the occurrence of warping.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): BRENO RABELO COUTINHO SARAIVA (UFC CAMPUS DO PICI BL 714), João Rodrigues de Barros Neto (Universidade federal do piauí), José Amilton Cardoso de Oliveira Filho (universidade federal do ceará), Pablo Bruno Paiva Leão (Universidade federal do ceará), Francisco Bruno Alexandre Gömes (universidade federal do ceará), Daniel Rodrigo Leiva (universidade federal de são carlos), Hamilton Ferreira Gomes de Abreu (universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
Magnesium has a limited number of slip systems to accommodate plastic deformation. Hence its limited ductility, it is more difficult to manufacture structural components of this material. One of the solutions that have been proposed to overcome this limitation is the use of ECAE processes, which allow the control and modification of two determinant characteristics for the strength and ductility magnesium properties: grain size and crystallographic texture. In this context, commercially pure magnesium was processed by ECAE at 300 °C constant temperature, from 1 to 4 passes, following the BC route. Besides, simulations using the VPSC model were performed and compared with the experimental data. This work evaluates the ECAE process’s influence on the microstructure and crystallographic texture of Mg by evaluating the agreement between simulated and experimental results. Thus, the microstructure with smaller grain diameter and better uniformity was observed after three passes. Regarding the experimental crystallographic texture, there was a gradual evolution until processing in 4 passes. In conclusion, the simulated crystallographic texture tests corresponding to 4 passes coincided with the result obtained experimentally.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): José Izabel Liberato Júnior (Universidade federal de ouro preto)
Abstract:
Competitiveness in the flat steel production sector has been reflected in the search for increasing efficiency in production processes. The challenge of reaching high production goals, reaching quality standards, requires the identification of the main recurring problems in the production line. After a survey of data regarding the quality of hot rolled strips at Gerdau Ouro Branco, it was possible to verify that defects in width and low winding temperature are often the causes of deviations in the coils. Coils deflected by low winding temperature sometimes have a flatness defect and surface stains. From this, an exploratory research was carried out in the production process of hot strip lamination. The main objective is to identify possible causes of influence in the generation of quality deviations from hot strips due to recurring problems of flatness, surface stains and width. Lamination tests were carried out based on changes in the cooling rate of the material, identified as the main cause of flatness deviation. Through tensile tests, we sought to observe whether changes in the mechanical properties occur in strips with poor flatness. To assist in the search for possible causes of width deviations, the tool initially used was the Ishikawa Diagram. Based on the result found in the diagram, it was possible to elaborate an Action Plan based on the 5W1H methodology. The minimization of these deviations allows the achievement of a higher yield, improves the production flow, allows the reduction of the Lead Time of attendance and the reduction of the costs of non-quality.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): raysa melo de góis araújo silva (gerdau)
Abstract:
This work aims to evaluate the impact of the main process variables, focusing on hot rolling, the failure of steel wires for reinforced concrete due to noncompliance with the minimum elastic ratio required by NBR 7480. It is known that the microstructure obtained from these materials is a combination of the chemical composition and parameters of the production process, especially the cooling condition of the wire rod, in which case the laminator does not have a heat treatment system. A DOE was performed varying the grade of steel, temperature in the spiral former and belt speed, in addition to thermographic analysis to calculate the cooling rate and metallography of all test conditions, in order to correlate the parameters, microstructure and results. From the data generated in the experiment, it was possible to define the condition of the hot rolling process that does not compromise the performance of the material in cold rolling through changes in the working temperature and grade of steel.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Saulo Brinco Diniz (CEFET - RJ), Carolina Alencar Caldeira de Souza (IME), Andersan dos Santos Paula (IME), Luiz Paulo Brandão (IME)
Abstract:
The strength of 7XXX series aluminum alloys can be improved by rolling due to work hardening, however, occurs a ductility reduction, thus requiring a later heat treatments step. The present work is focused on evaluate the effects of annealing heat treatment realized at 500 °C for 15 minutes, on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the 7475-T7351 aluminum alloy cold rolled with 3 mm thickness. For this purpose, were carried out microstructural characterization by scanning electron microscopy associated to punctual composition analyses by EDS (X-Ray Energy Dispersive Spectrometry) and uniaxial tensile test. It was concluded that with the heat treatment, there was a recrystallization of the matrix, providing a decrease in the ultimate tensile and yield strength, and increased the ductility. The lager precipitates evidenced are similar and possibly Al7Cu2Fe and Al2CuMg
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Melina Gamis da Silva (CSN), HARISON DA SILVA VENTURA (CSN), FABIO DE OLIVEIRA ARAUJO (CSN), RAPHAEL ALEXSANDER RIBEIRO DA CUNHA (CSN), RONEY EDUARDO LINO (CSN)
Abstract:
For the development of the work, data were collected from industrial rolling mills at Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN) in order to collect processing parameters. In the present work, the effects of rolling with dummy pass on roughing in Nb microalloyed steel, for this, data from usual processing with different numbers of passes and processing with a dummy pass were considered to analyze the influences of these configurations on the reduction profiles and niobium precipitation. The results pointed to a significant impact on the percentage reduction and increase in lamination load for laminations with a dummy pass. The simulations indicated similar behavior between the niobium precipitation of the standard rolling and dummy cases
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): RAPHAEL MARIANO DE SOUZA (ifes), JANACELY DEMONIER KILL (GRUPO SIMEC – GV do Brasil Ind. e Com. de Aço Ltda), LUCAS DA SILVA RENATO (GRUPO SIMEC – GV DO BRASIL IND. E COM. DE AÇO LTDA), JOSÉ ROBERTO DE OLIVEIRA (IFES)
Abstract:
Steel deoxidation and desulfurization are essential steps to give the final product the desired properties, as well as ensuring an accident-free process. Among the materials used for deoxidation are some based on silicon, such as silicon-manganese and silicon carbide. However, these deoxidizers impair the desulphirization process. Therefore, the present work aims to analyze the effects of deoxidation via FeSiMn on desulphurization and to propose alternatives that provide adequate deoxidation and desulphurization. This study was carried out through the thermodynamic analysis of the steel-slag-additions balance in an EAF steel mill, using computational thermodynamic simulations on FactSage 8.0. Once analyzed different levels of equilibrium S and O contents varying the additions of FeSiMn, CaC2 and CaSi, it was found that the use of FeSiMn as a deoxidizer impairs the desulphurization of the steel. It was also found that it is possible to use CaC2 and CaSi in place of FeSiMn to promote improvements in desulphurization and ensure adequate deoxidation during the steel tapping.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): PATRICK QUEIROZ DOS ANJOS (IFES), victor bridi telles (unesc), lucas de almeida quaresma (ifes), estéfano aparecido vieira (ifes)
Abstract:
The break temperature of the mold flux is one of the main parameters controlled in the steel continuous casting process. The objective of the work was to develop a model to determine the break temperature by linear regression. For this, data on chemical compositions of mold fluxes reported in different works were analyzed. With the treatment of the data, a mathematical equation obtained by linear regression, by L2 regularization, was proposed. The results obtained by this model were compared with other models used to determine the break temperature. The statistical parameters of mean absolute percentage error, standard deviation, mean error and the maximum error, in difference, of the model values and the measured break temperature values were evaluated. The results showed that the model of the present study showed less errors and less variability of results, in relation to the classic equations. Based on the results, the proposed model had the potential to estimate the break temperature of mold fluxes in the steel continuous casting.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): BRUNO Gonçalves PEREIRA (Instituto federal do espírito santo), Franklin de Souza Zottich (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), Elsomar Biancardi Guimarães de Oliveira (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), Caio Vaccari Silva (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), Felipe Fardin Grillo (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), José Roberto de Oliveira (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
In the hot metal dephosphorization process, the properties of the initial dephosphorus mixtures, such as: CaO activity, FeO activity, solid phase fractions, liquid phase fraction and viscosity, are used to verify the efficiency achieved. The properties of the mixtures analyzed separately do not allow an assessment of which one will have greater dephosphorization efficiency. The Dephosphorization Factor (FDeP) was developed with the union of some properties, due to the synergistic action between them and was based on the properties of the dephosphoration kinetic equation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the application of FDeP for some dephosphorant mixtures of the CaO-FeO-SiO2 system present in the literature and uses computational thermodynamic to obtain the properties of the mixtures. Thus, the results showed that the greater the measured dephosphorus efficiency of the initial dephosphorus mixtures, the greater the calculated FDeP. It was concluded that the most efficient mixture will present the combination of properties with higher CaO activity, higher FeO activity (provided that it does not decrease CaO activity) and higher fraction of liquid phase in the slag.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): VITOR DANTAS LOPES (gerdau cearense/ universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
AS THE MOST IMPORTANT RAW MATERIAL AT THE ELECTRIC ARC FURNACE MELTING PROCESS, THE SCRAP MUST ATTEND A SERIES OF PRECONDITIONS TO BE USED AS A COMPETITIVE INPUT. ON THE PRESENT STUDY, A SPECIFIC TYPE OF SCRAP, CHARACTERIZED BY ITS INTRINSIC IMPURITIES, IS SUBMITTED TO A TEST ROUTE, TO INVESTIGATE THE IMPURITIES FRACTION PRODUCED, AND ITS USE EFFECT. THE VARIABLES METALLIC YIELD AND SPECIFIC ENERGY WERE THE MAIN AFFECT IN THE PRELIMINARY TEST HEATS USING THE METHODOLOGY. THE RESULTS WERE ACCEPTABLE TO BE ABLE TO PROCEED TO FOR MORE TEST HEATS TO EXPLORE THE FULL POTENTIAL OF THE ADDED STEP AT THE SCRAP PROCESSING.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): DAVID ALEXANDER URBINA LEAL (usp)
Abstract:
The additive manufacturing interest has grown rapidly in recent years in several areas, developing different methods, technologies and materials in the components manufacturing of relatively complex geometries and large proportions with high structural and operational integrity, using the layer by layer deposition principle. The Welding and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) stands out mainly in the automotive and aerospace industries, due to its high deposition rate and quality. In this study, the mechanized TIG welding process was used to manufacture the prototypes, using the electric arc as a heat source and the ER 308L as a consumable. The main objective is to microstructurally characterize the weld region and evaluate the resistance to pitting corrosion according to the ASTM G48 method A, under the stipulated material deposition conditions such as: unidirectional deposition and bidirectional deposition.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): diego gomes alfenas (Centro brasileiro de pesquisas físicas - cbpf), rodrigo felix de araujo cardoso (centro brasileiro de pesquisas físicas - cbpf), Carlos Nelson Elias (Instituto Militar de Engenharia - ime)
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of surface cleaning and preparation for joints to be welded, comparing the results of four specimens with equal dimensions and material. The specimens were divided into two groups with two pieces each. Samples from the first group were cleaned and precautions were taken to prepare the surface. Samples from the second group were preppared without the necessary care. After welding all samples were analyzed with the aid of the non-destructive liquid penetrating test. The results showed that samples from the second did not bring good quality, reliability and safety to those who produce them.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): GABRIELA PAULA DE SOUZA (UENF), Bárbara Ferreira de Oliveira (UENF), Sérgio souto maior tavares (uff), Laryssa dos Santos Almeida (UFRJ), Sérgio Neves monteiro (IME), Lioudmila aleksandrovna matlakhova (uenf)
Abstract:
The present work presents an influence of two welding conditions on the microstructure of Inconel 625 deposited on AISI 4130 steel by PTA-P welding: condition 1 (current: 105 A, plasma gas: 1.7 L / min, rotation: 0, 29 rpm) and condition 2 (current: 130 A, plasma gas: 1.5 L / min, rotation: 0.26 rpm), in order to check the possibility of making coatings in a single layer, with a minimum Fe dilution. Microstructural characterization was carried out using confocal optical microscopy (MO), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dispersive energy spectroscopy (EDS) of the base metal, interface and coating and X-ray diffraction (XRD) only in the coating. Hardness measurements were made along the cross-section of samples. The results showed that the metal base present a thermally affected zone of coarse grains. No martensite was observed at the base metal / coating interface, despite the condition 1 sample showing microcracks in this region. The coatings had a dendritic austenitic microstructure with dispersion of NbC carbides in the interdendritic region. In condition 2, there was an increase in the dilution of Fe, affecting the formation of NbC carbides and, consequently, the hardness of the coating. Thus, it is necessary to deposit two layers of Inconel on AISI 4130 steel
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): julianna magalhães garcia (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), ANDREY DE MORAES BARCELOS CASANOVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), LUIZ PAULO MENDONÇA BRANDÃO (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Considerations and analysis on precipitation associated with microstructural changes of an AISI310 austenitic steel welded with TIG ER 316 were carried out. Innovating by employing a less noble weld of ER 316, replacing the Ni-based weld, Inconel 625, widely used and studied for welding AISI 310, but also more expensive. For the study, microhardness, ferritoscope and SEM tests were performed on the samples after welding. Due to the micro-hardness, the weld material showed higher values than those of the base material, with the ferritoscope indicating a higher percentage of magnetic ferrite in the weld material. To investigate these changes, microscopies by SEM were analyzed. The presence of chromium carbide, a sensitizing precipitate and sigma phase, is suggested in the base and weld material by micrographs. Especially if we apply this welded component at high temperatures, this precipitation would be a weakening of the material and limit its useful life, thus bringing an important discussion for this material, widely used in thermoelectric.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Leticia Aguilera (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - UERJ), Paulo Rodrigues Oliveira (MARINHA DO BRASIL), Bruno Neves Targino Teodoro (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - UERJ), Alexandre Mello de Paulo Silva (CENTRO BRASILEIRO DE PESQUISAS FÍSICAS - CBPF), José Luís Lopes da Silveira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO - UFRJ), José Brant de Campos (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - UERJ)
Abstract:
The search for specific properties in parts and tools of great mechanical efforts for the most diverse applications has generated advances in the techniques of deposition of materials in films to increase the tool's lifetime and its mechanical properties on the surface. In this way, innumerable processes were created and several techniques that aim at the characterization of the work surfaces are used for the evaluation of the coatings. The objective of the work consisted in the structural characterization and evaluation of the surface of samples of an AISI 1045 steel tool with a clean surface in an ultrasonic bath, blasted with glass and nitrided spheres, with deposition of TiN film by Magnetron Sputtering. The surface roughness was also investigated and it was observed that there was a decrease after the processes of nitriding and deposition of the film. The Vicker microhardness showed higher average values for the samples with the TiN film (1050 HV) compared to the samples without the coating (250 HV). By X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement, the presence of contaminating phases in the coating was verified in addition to the TiN film. The low angle reflection indicated the coating thickness of 576 nm.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Leticia Aguilera (UNiversidade do estado do rio de janeiro - uerj), Bruno Neves Targino Teodoro (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - UERJ), Paulo Rodrigues Oliveira (marinha do brasil), Henrique Hochleitner Neves (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - UERJ), José Luís Lopes da Silveira (universidade federal do rio de janeiro - ufrj), Alexandre Mello de Paulo Silva (centro brasileiro de pesquisas físicas - cbpf), José Brant de Campos (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO - UERJ)
Abstract:
The need to carry out welds with increasingly specific demands, such as the union between dissimilar materials and due to the high cost, that occurs in performing welds in alloys that traditionally have difficulty in joining by conventional welding processes, are difficulties imposed in the field of welding. In this scenario, the friction welding process known as Friction Stir Welding (FSW) emerges, which stands out from other common welding processes, precisely because it is able to respond to these requests efficiently. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of a TiN film deposited by Magnetron Sputtering on AISI 1045 steel tools for the FSW process, aiming to increase its useful life. The film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS) for morphology, deposition homogeneity and integrity after Friction Stir Process (FSP) tests. The performance of the tools was evaluated by the FSP test, comparing resulting efforts and deformations between the tools with and without the film.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): VANESSA SERIACOPI (INSTITUTO MAUá DE TECNOLOGIA), Paulo de Souza Chohfi Auricchio (INSTITUTO MAUÁ DE TECNOLOGIA), SUSANA MARRACCINI GIAMPIETRI LEBRão (INSTITUTO MAUÁ DE TECNOLOGIA), ADALTO DE FARIAS (INSTITUTO MAUÁ DE TECNOLOGIA), éd cláudio bordinassi (INSTITUTO MAUÁ DE TECNOLOGIA), Viviane Tavares de Moraes (INSTITUTO MAUÁ DE TECNOLOGIA)
Abstract:
The goal of this work was to analyze the corrosion resistance of MIG Brazing type welding on galvanized steel plates. Samples were welded with a specific source regulation for both galvanized plates and conventional ones, each with three welding speed variations (300, 500 and 800 mm/s). The thickness of the zinc layer in the region affected by the weld was measured and analyzed; likewise, optical microscopy was conducted on samples metallographically prepared. In these samples, the structural modifications induced in the heat affected zone (HAZ) by the process were also studied, in addition to the Salt Spray. The results showed that, with direct current, the effect of corrosion in the samples tested was greater than in the plates that were welded under alternating current, being corroborated by microstructural analysis that showed the effects of welding with the study of HAZ and the zinc layer of the plate.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Juliana Diniz e castro (Technische universität braunschweig)
Abstract:
Highly Ni NiTi alloys (55 to 58% at. Ni) have been under-explored for some time due to their difficult mechanical processing. This alloy has a high hardness and can have superelasticity. In the last 10 years these alloys have been studied again. This article evaluates the annealing of NiTi alloys with high Ni content (57.63% at. Ni and 57.66% at. Ni). For this, grade 2 Ti and Ni powder bars were used to elaborate the ingots in a VAR (Vacuum Arc Remelting) furnace with Cu crucible and controlled atmosphere. The two resulting ingots were annealed in a tubular furnace for 2 hours at 950 ° C and heating rate of 10 ° C / min and cooled in the furnace’s inertia. Through the analysis of optical microscopy and scanning electron it is possible to verify that the treatment provided a more homogeneous microstructure in the material. Through the X-ray diffraction analyzes it was also possible to identify the present phases, which after annealing are similar.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
A growing concern about the global warming involving greenhouse gases emission motivated researcher efforts aiming to promote natural materials less harmful to the environment and the quality of life in our planet. For this reason, the use of lignocellulosic fibers stands as an alternative to replace synthetic fibers. A diversity of them have already been investigated such jute, sisal, flax, hemp, cotton and other variety of fibers and even applied as reinforcement in polymeric matrices in automobile components, for instance. However, theses natural fibers present certain drawbacks. Specially one of them is relative to their low thermal stability, which results on a limitation to their composites reflecting on a limitation to their composites. The present work has been dedicated to analyze a scientifically new ligocellulosic fiber for engineering applications known as seven-islands-sedge (Cyperus malaccensis Lam.) in Brazil where it has an exclusive cultivation in the region of Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo. Concerning to find how it behaves at high temperatures, the seven-islands-sedge fiber was subjected to a thermogravimetric analysis, as well as for composites reinforced with 10, 20 and 30 vol%. It was observed that the T onset of thermal degradation occurs at 256°C for the seven-islands-sedge fiber and on the range of 292 to 301°C for its composites.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
In recent years, the interest of developing composites reinforced with renewable materials has grown tremendously since social requests demands products that cause low environmental impact. Natural lignocellulosic fibers are extensive used as a reinforce for matrix polymeric composites and when compared to inorganic fibers such as carbon and glass, the natural fibers presents low cost, low weight and have higher specific tensile strenght and flexural strenght. The present work have been dedicate to analyze a scientifically new ligocellulosic fiber for engineering aplications known as seven-islands-sedge in Brazil where it has an exclusive cultivation in the region of Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo. Concerning to discover how it behaves in high temperatures the natrual fiber was subjected to an differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis , besides composites reinforced with 10, 20 an 30% of volumetric fractions of this fiber were also analysed.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): mariana dias machado lopes (UENF)
Abstract:
Due to innovation in the field of science and technology and increased efficiency in production processes, alternatives are gradually being sought to reduce the volume of industrial and post-consumption waste. In this context, the objective of this research is to develop and characterize polymeric composites, using as a reinforcement bamboo fiber residues from a skewer production industry combined with castor oil resin, to compare them with OSB (Oriented Strand Board ) commercial in the search for alternatives that enable its use in civil construction applications. For this, a comparative study of the material manufactured with different proportions of waste with the OSB material was made in order to analyze the feasibility of use. The results showed that the developed material has physical and mechanical properties superior to the commercial material and that the increase of fibers in the composite generates a reduction in water absorption and an increase in resistance to perpendicular traction, indicating that there is the possibility of replacing the OSB with the composite material. of vegetable polyurethane resin reinforced by bamboo fibers, not only maintaining mechanical strengths, but also improving them
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Matheus Pereira Ribeiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), lucas de mendonça neuba (iME - iNSTITUTO mILITAR DE eNGENHARIA), pedro henrique poubel mendonça da silveira (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), thuane teixeira da silva (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (Instituto Militar de Engenharia)
Abstract:
Natural fibers have been growingly researched reinforcement in composites. Amid of natural fibres, the lignocellulosic fibres (LNF) are the most accepted by the industries and researches due to its renewability and availability. Among the NLFs, the hemp fibers have several applications and is historically used in textile industries, papers and even as medicine. However, only scarce studies of hemp fibers applied to engineering materials exist. Thus, this paper aims to investigate the use of hemp fabric as reinforcement to an epoxy matrix. Composites with volume fractions of 10, 20 and 30% were characterized for tensile strength and elastic modulus. The results showed that the 30% composites present a relevant performance compared to the others composites investigated. Furthermore, it was showed by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) that the 10 and 20% volumetric fractions composites have no significant difference in both parameters.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Michelle Souza Oliveira (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Clara Beatriz Melo Moreira Caminha (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Sergio Neves Monteiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Thermoset matrix composites have been widely used in several industrial sectors. Many of these applications expose the material in environments that compromise its use, inducing aging, or even aging the material. In addition, the use of natural lignocellulosic fibers (FLNs) minimizes environmental pollution and the production costs of composite materials. Understanding the aging of FNLs has become a new challenge for the composites industry. The aging process involves several simultaneous and apparently independent mechanisms and, therefore, monitoring the evolution of variables with the specified time is an efficient method to assess the behavior of polymeric composites reinforced with natural fibers under accelerated aging conditions. The objective of this work is to obtain the tensile properties of an epoxy composite reinforced with hybrid fabric of 50 mauve / 50 jute before and after performing accelerated aging by ultraviolet radiation. The findings of this work reveal that the hybrid composite shows a loss of tensile strength in the first 30 min, and the stiffness decreases from the first exposure. As with living things, polymers and their compounds are also susceptible to the action of ultraviolet radiation.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Michelle Souza Oliveira (INTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), FERNANDA SANTOS DA LUZ (INTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), fABIO DA COSTA GARCIA FILHO (INTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), RAPHAEL HENRIQUE MORAIS REIS (INTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (INTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (INTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
The use of native plant fibers as a source of raw material is interesting because they are natural resources and due to the huge variety of plants available in biodiversity. The Astrocaryum vulgare palm tree, known as tucum in the Brazilian Amazon, is a source of fiber from its leaves. The objective of this work is to carry out a statistical analysis by Weibull of density of tucum fibers with different diameters, as well as infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzes. The results obtained form a database of tucum fibers, assisting in research that addresses its potential for application as an alternative fiber applied in polymeric composites.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Michelle Souza Oliveira (instituto militar de engenharia), fernanda santos da luz (instituto militar de engenharia), lucio fabio cassiano nascimento (instituto militar de engenharia), sergio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
There are several species of Amazonian palm trees that can be obtained: food and oils, medicines, construction material, handicrafts, textiles, reinforcement for composite materials, among others. Considering the textile fibers, three palm origins stand out: the tucum (Astrocaryum vulgare), buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) and tururi (Manicaria saccifera). In this work, tucum fibers, obtained from grown leaves, will be investigated. Tucum fibers are used in the manufacture of fabrics, crafts, nets, threads and fishing nets. The material is constantly used by the riverside population of the Amazon and by artisans, fashion articles and other products for tourism. The abundant production added to the environmental advantages of natural fibers are necessary, but not sufficient, conditions for the use of fiber as reinforcement in composite materials. One must be concerned with the relationship between the mechanical properties of the fibers and the polymeric resin matrix, in order to see whether a fiber can successfully act as a reinforcement. A first analysis can be done using micromechanical equations. Thus, the objective of this work was to obtain the mechanical properties of the tucum fiber and its composites from the tensile test.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Michelle Souza Oliveira (instituto MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), FERNANDA SANTOS DA LUZ (instituto militar de engenharia), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
The last few years have been marked by the rapid development in the area of composites reinforced by natural fibers. Natural cellulose-based fibers, such as fique and tucum, are promising candidates for reinforcement in polymer matrix composites, as a replacement for the widely used synthetic fibers. The objective of this work is to determine the crystallinity index and the microfibrilar angle. The first indicates the amount of cellulose that is in a crystalline state, and is one of the important factors to determine the mechanical properties of lignocellulosic materials. The second has an effect on a wide range of properties of natural fiber. Both analyzes were performed based on diffractograms obtained from the fibers. The results obtained were: crystallinity index of 73.5% and 80.1% for the fiber of fiber and tucum, respectively, and microfibrilar angle 6.9 ° and 18.8 °, for fiber of fiber and tucum, respectively.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Miguel Ângelo Menezes (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Filipe de Oliveira Ataoka (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Paulo Vinícius Maia Lucas (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Matheus Sanches Aguiar (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Matheus Henrique Panini (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), Pedro Ramos Barboni (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira)
Abstract:
This work aims to show the improvement in the manufacture of the nose of a Formula SAE vehicle. From some defects in the nose of 2019, such as a bad finish after lamination and a spacing between the nose and the structure, damaging the aesthetic part, changes were made in the manufacture for the 2021 nose, where the manufacture of the nose was used. Plug type mold with expansive foam filling PU A + B and polystyrene straight into the structure, followed by manual lamination with a layer of glass fiber weighing 460 g / m², a layer of glass fiber weighing 200 g / m² and resin isophthalic polyester. The final result of the lamination was satisfactory, where a good final finish of the laminate was achieved, improving the aesthetic part of the nose by reducing the spacing of the nose to the structure and reducing the final mass of the laminate.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Natalin Michele Meliande (exército brasileiro), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (IME), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (IME)
Abstract:
Increasing awareness around the world of the urgent need to reduce the use of non-degradable synthetic materials, and the problem of disposing of personal protective vest and helmet have driven research into new more environmentally sustainable materials for ballistic applications. In this context, natural lignocellulosic fibers can be promising options because they are non-polluting and have specific mechanical properties comparable to those of commonly used synthetic fibers, in addition to being significantly cheaper. Thus, in order to evaluate the hybridization of curaua fibers (Ananas Erectifolius) with aramid fibers in epoxy composites for ballistic helmets, uniaxial tensile tests were performed. From the obtained results, it can be inferred that the hybridization was positive as significantly increase the tensile strength and maximum deformation of the epoxy composite reinforced with curaua non-woven.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Natalin Michele Meliande (exército brasileiro), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (Instituto militar de engenharia), SÉRGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Increasing awareness around the world of the urgent need to reduce the use of non-degradable synthetic materials, and the problem of disposing of personal protective vest and helmet have driven research into new more environmentally sustainable materials for ballistic applications. In this context, natural lignocellulosic fibers can be promising options because they are non-polluting and have specific mechanical properties comparable to those of commonly used synthetic fibers, in addition to being significantly cheaper. Thus, in order to evaluate the hybridization of curaua fibers (Ananas Erectifolius) with aramid fibers in epoxy composites for ballistic helmets, Charpy impact tests were performed. From the obtained results, it can be inferred that the hybridization was positive as significantly increase the fracture energy of the epoxy composite reinforced with curaua non-woven.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Natalin Michele Meliande (Instituto militar de engenharia), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (Instituto militar de engenharia), SÉRGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Increasing awareness around the world of the urgent need to reduce the use of non-degradable synthetic materials, and the problem of disposing of personal protective vest and helmet have driven research into new more environmentally sustainable materials for ballistic applications. In this context, natural lignocellulosic fibers can be promising options because they are non-polluting and have specific mechanical properties comparable to those of commonly used synthetic fibers, in addition to being significantly cheaper. Thus, in order to evaluate the hybridization of curaua fibers (Ananas Erectifolius) with aramid fibers in epoxy composites for ballistic helmets, 3-points flexural tests were performed. From the obtained results, it can be inferred that the hybridization was negative as it didn’t produce a real gain for the flexural properties of the epoxy/curaua composite. On the other hand, the results of this composite were relevant and promising
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Natalin Michele Meliande (Instituto militar de engenharia), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (Instituto militar de engenharia), SÉRGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Increasing awareness around the world of the urgent need to reduce the use of non-degradable synthetic materials, and the problem of disposing of personal protective vest and helmet have driven research into new more environmentally sustainable materials for ballistic applications. In this context, natural lignocellulosic fibers can be promising options because they are non-polluting and have specific mechanical properties comparable to those of commonly used synthetic fibers, in addition to being significantly cheaper. Thus, in order to evaluate the hybridization of curaua fibers (Ananas Erectifolius) with aramid fibers in epoxy composites for ballistic helmets, impulse excitation tests were performed. From the obtained results, it can be inferred that the hybridization was positive as significantly increase the Young modulus of the epoxy composite reinforced with curaua non-woven.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): olívia lopes leite (universidade federal do pará (ufpa)), Miriane Alexandrino Pinheiro (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA)), Rodolfo Moura de Souza Lima (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA)), SÉRGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA (IME)), ALISSON CLAY RIOS (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA)), VERONICA SCARPINI CANDIDO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA))
Abstract:
The Amazon is recognized worldwide for its biodiversity and natural riches, so several studies have been carried out in order to promote the region's technological development based on these riches. Many natural resources in the Amazon region with potential for use in engineering can still be explored, such as guaruman fiber (Ischnosiphon arouma), which has the potential to be used as a potential reinforcement in composite materials. In this sense, this work sought to carry out a comparative study of the fiber density of Guaruman from different analysis methods for application in polymeric composites based on geometric and apparent analysis using water/ethanol. The results showed that the guaruman fiber has low density when compared to other natural fibers. It was also found that smaller diameter fibers present higher density values. Considering the analyzed methods, density measurement from ethanol is the most recommended for this type of estimation
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Olívia lopes leite (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA)), MAURÍCIO MAIA RIBEIRO (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO PARÁ (IFPA)), Paulo Anderson Aranha Ferreira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA)), Taiana De Sousa Matos (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA)), Sérgio neves monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME)), Alisson Clay Rios (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA)), Veronica Scarpini Candido (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ (UFPA))
Abstract:
The addition of inorganic particulates as reinforcement in polymer matrix composite materials has been a matter of great technological interest, as it leads to improvements in the properties and performance of existing materials, in addition to the possibility of reducing environmental impact and costs for the industry. In this context, this work presents the characterization of aerosil powder (specific mass, moisture content and morphological characterization) and the study of the mechanical behavior in tension according to ASTM D 638:2010, of polymeric composites of polyester matrix reinforced with 0, 25 and 50% aerosil powder, as well as evaluation of the fracture surface after testing. Regarding morphology, the aerosil powder was homogeneous. Despite the porosity presented by the composites as the proportion of aerosil in the matrix increased, the values obtained after the tensile test showed that for such percentages the aerosil powder can be used as a reinforcement in polyester matrix, significantly improving the tensile properties of material
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): pamela pinto neves (instituto militar de engenharia), lucio fabio cassiano nascimento (instituto militar de engenharia), sergio neves monteiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Natural lignocellulosic fibers are used as reinforcement in polymeric composites due to the characteristic advantages of their material, providing the final product with good physical and mechanical properties. Among the existing natural fibers, pineapple leaves fiber (PALF) fibers were used in the present work to measure their typical properties. Specifically, the physical properties determined were diameter, density and moisture content, in addition to surface identification through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Thus, the study aimed to perform the microstructural characterization of these fibers. The results showed that the averages obtained, besides being within the range observed in other studies for pineapple leaf fiber, provide the composite with advantages that justify its application in comparison with other fibers in general.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): pamela pinto neves (instituto militar de engenharia), lucio fabio cassiano nascimento (instituto militar de engenharia), sergio neves monteiro (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) have structural characteristics intrinsic to their species that give superior properties when compared to other natural lignocellulosic fibers (FNLs). Therefore, the use of these fibers in polymeric composites was contextualized, in addition to identifying the factors that determine a good performance, among which stand out their chemical composition, microfibrillary angle, and crystallinity index. In order to characterize the PALF fibers, they were used according to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (DRX) methodologies. The FTIR analysis indicated the functional groups present in each peak present in the fiber, confirming its basic chemical composition. The result of the XRD analysis, for crystallinity index, is in the range of values referring to PALF fibers researched by other authors. And for the microfibrillary angle, a lower angle was found in the PALF than other FNLs, thus indicating better traction properties.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): paulo anderson aranha ferreira (universidade federal do pará), damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (universidade federal do pará), THIAGO CORRêA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), MATHAUS MORAES LUCAS (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA ), ALISSON CLAY RIOS DA SILVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), VERôNICA SCARPINI CANDIDO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ)
Abstract:
Geopolymers are inorganic materials, aluminosilicates activated alkaline by geopolymerization reaction. As they have properties similar to Portland cement, research has been carried out to ensure the use of geopolymers in civil construction. The present work deals with the production of geopolymeric mortars, added with Blast Furnace Slag (EAF), subjected to a temperature of 300°C and 800°C. For this study, metakaolin, blast furnace slag (EAF), and commercial sand were used in the addition percentages of 0%, 59%, 69% and 75%, and for the alkaline solution, potassium hydroxide (KOH) and Sodium Silicate (Na2SiO3). After production, they were cured and then subjected to a temperature of 300°C and 800°C. For analysis purposes, Optical Microscopy (OM) and Rietveld Refinement characterizations were performed on the metakaolin. Finally, the result of the Rietveld refinement showed a GOF value equal to 1.71, and identified crystallinity peaks of quartz (Si), alumohydrocalcite (Al) and Mica (M). The geopolymeric mortar with 69% of aggregate as a material superior to other formulations, due to the low percentage of defects in the morphology of the fragmented surface, considering the temperature variation, from 300°C to 800°C.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): paulo anderson aranha ferreira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Maurício Maia Ribeiro (Instituto FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Damares da Cruz Barbosa Nascimento (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Taiana de Sousa matos (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Sérgio Neves Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia ), Alisson Clay Rios da Silva (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Verônica Scarpini Candido (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ )
Abstract:
The high demand for resources and energy for the production of synthetic fibers applied in the manufacture of composite materials, corroborates a process harmful to today's environmental scenario. The use of plant fibers has been the object of study to replace synthetic fibers, due to their sustainable character and mechanically similar to conventional fibers. Sisal fiber (Agave sisalana) has moderate mechanical properties, good workability and easy cultivation. In the present work, the mechanical aspects of tensile strength and fracture analysis of the polymer composite reinforced with short sisal fibers were evaluated, separated into four fiber mass fractions, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. In this study, pre-accelerated installed polyester resin, the curing agent and manually cut sisal fibers to a length of 15 mm were used. The making of the composites were made in silicone molds of test specimens in a tensile test. After the curing process, the specimens were submitted to the tensile test, and soon after, the fracture was analyzed in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). It was found, through the evaluation, that the proportion of fiber of 25% has the highest tensile strength, compared to the other fractions. The fractographic analysis, on the other hand, revealed a weak interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the matrix.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Jorge luiz siqueira da costa neto (ufrrj)
Abstract:
Due to the ability of composites to resist extreme mechanical and thermal stresses, they have been gaining more and more space in relation to classical materials, this is due to the fact that their properties allow their use in different situations. Thus, it is extremely important to ensure that the properties of the composites are suitable for the respective applications, and one way to ensure that they do not fail during the process is to apply different characterization techniques, this allows a better understanding of the structures and behavior of these materials. A simple characterization technique that can be used and that does not depend on very technological devices and is still low cost is the wettability test through the contact angle, which allows evaluating the behavior of materials when exposed to different liquids.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): paulo anderson aranha ferreira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Dayse Natália Matos Coelho (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Carolina Silva brito (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Sérgio Neves Monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia ), Alisson Clay Rios da Silva (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ ), Verônica Scarpini candido (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ )
Abstract:
In composite materials, the use of lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcement is a sustainable, low-cost alternative with significant mechanical properties compared to synthetic fibers. The objective of this study was to develop composite materials through the manual method of fabrication, with an Orthophthalic Polyester matrix using açaí lignocellulosic fiber reinforcement to perform morphological analysis of the fracture surfaces. The values of mass fraction used in the composites were 50% of açaí fibers, 50% of resin and 1% of catalyst. For this, fiber density testing, morphological analysis of the fracture surface of the composites was performed through microscopic analysis of the specimens, by means of Optical Microscopy – MO and Scanning Electron Microscopy – SEM. The analyzes showed that the composites showed good fiber/matrix interfacial adhesion, observed by fiber breakage and the presence of few bubbles, thus demonstrating the potential for a satisfactory mechanical behavior, being suitable for performing mechanical tests and future applications.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Felipe Ribeiro Velozo (redentor), Victor Pereira da Costa (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Daniel Passos Gallo (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
Steel and its alloys are now widely used in many areas of world technology, as it is often the solution to many problems, ranging from simple to extreme work. With different chemical combinations between the elements of the periodic table and the main element of steel, carbon, it is possible to obtain various mechanical properties according to the design need. In the industry it is no different, where one has great equipment with enormous variety of elements of machines, each mechanical assembly behaves differently when it is requested. For example, a set of gears of a machinery where their teeth are subject to wear, they must have a considerable surface hardness keeping its core ductile. According to the need of the project, it is fundamental to pay attention to some mechanical tests and thermal treatments, in which they will be approached throughout the study.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), João Vitor Moreira Pinto (redentor), Itamar Brandão Sanguir (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Vinicius Lopes Silva (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
The loaders are large functional elements, being used mainly in earthworks and mining. Among its components, we highlight the loader blade, in which it will be evaluated in detail in the present study. The blade loader, in particular, has the function of facilitating the transport of efficient and effective way through its mechanisms. Due to the working characteristic, the implement must be made of materials whose strength and durability are considerable, such as STEEL 1080. However, the stresses caused on the blade cause it to wear prematurely, which justifies this research. In this way, a hardness test was performed on the slide on several types of cooling (ice, oil and brine) in order to evaluate which medium would result in a higher hardness value. Toughness. Through an average resulting from successive measurements, the hardness resulted in a hardness of 29.30 HRc. Subsequently, a tempering process was performed on the slide, at a temperature of 940 ° C for 3 hours, by cooling the material in water in the solid state, in oil and brine, in order to observe which would provide a higher hardness index and resistance to wear. After the procedure, the material was again subjected to a hardness test in order to determine if there was success in the heat treatment, where a maximum hardness was obtained between the 60.50HRc cooling found in the ice cooling. It can then be concluded that there was a satisfactory result with the tests, since they increased the hardness of the initial material by about 99%, comparing the highest hardness index
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Yuri Freitas da Silva Almeida (uenf), Tiago Homero Murro (redentor), Victor Barbosa de Souza (REDENTOR), Aloísio Costa Vieira Júnior (REDENTOR), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Daniel Passos Gallo (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf)
Abstract:
SAE 1070 steel is a steel with a high carbon content, used in the manufacture of flat parts that require mechanical properties where the process will undergo a low degree of conformation. Cutlery and artisanal products have been gaining great space in the economy, moving the microentrepreneurs market, increasing the demand for the improvement of cutlery. This research seeks to analyze the properties obtained from the forged and machined blades, varying the tempering process. Through bibliographic review, it was studied the history of the blades and the mystique that involves their manufacturing process. Preliminary tests of traction, flexion and metallography were performed to obtain the characteristics for comparison of the finished samples. A total of eight blades were forged and eight blades were machined, after manufacture they went to normalization, tempering and tempering heat treatments. Regulatory standards were used to perform the hardness and bending tests of the sixteen blades. The results obtained proved that the manufacturing process and the heat treatment directly influence the final result of the product, so that the blades forged using integral tempering are superior in flexural strength than the blades machined.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Ana Paula Favero Fiorin (Universidade federal do espírito santo), Daniela Bahiense de Oliveira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), Antônio César Bozzi (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
When exposed to the action of fluids, equipments are subject to cavitation erosion wear. To mitigate this effect, superalloys and heat treatments such as solution treatment can be used. The Stellite 250 cobalt superalloy, was subjected to solution treatment and vibratory cavitation test, to investigate its behavior regarding wear by cavitation erosion. The as-cast specimens were solubilized at 1200 °C for 12 hours, with subsequent quenching in water. The characterization was performed using an optical microscope, stereoscope, microhardness and X-ray diffraction. The cavitation test was performed according to the ASTM G32 standard. The cavitation erosion resistance was analyzed by the accumulated mass loss as a function of the exposure time. The wear mechanisms were observed with the scanning electron microscope. After the solution treatment, the specimen showed mixed crystalline structure (FCC and HC), primary recrystallization and grain nucleation. The resistance to cavitation erosion of the solution treated specimen was lower than the as-cast specimen. The wear mechanisms observed for Stellite 250 alloy were sliding bands, formation of pits and craters.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): CLARISSE DA COSTA RUFINO (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Iasmin Camargo Mathias (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), ANA CAROLINA ACCIOLY MONTEIRO (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), CARLOS NELSON ELIAS (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Titanium alloys have characteristics which make them very attractive for different applications, such as high mechanical resistance, low density and excellent corrosion resistance. The aim of this study is to characterize the Ti-6Al-4V alloy prototyped by Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), analyze its microstructure and evaluate its mechanical properties. To achieve these objectives, samples were analyzed using an optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), microhardness testing and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results obtained by OM and SEM showed a characteristic morphology of acicular martensite phase, and the analysis by XRD confirmed the complete presence of αlfa’ phase. The martensitic transformation βeta → αlfa’ was complete, and there was no formation of the αlfa phase predicted in the equilibrium. It was concluded that using SLS process of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy can produce samples with mechanical properties similar to those produced by conventional methods of mechanical conformation and machining.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): FRANCIELLY M DE SOUZA SOARES (IME MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
The process of finding new manufacturing methodologies that aim to improve mechanical properties and combine applicability with low-cost has been of considerable interest in the industrial field, especially when applied to the manufacture of high-cost alloys, such as the Ti-6Al-4V-ELI alloy. Titanium alloys are known for their high biocompatibility, being the main reason for their biomedical applications. Dental and orthopedic implants have become increasingly accessible since the technological advances in manufacturing implemented in the last three decades. Additive Manufacturing (AM) receives special notoriety with regard to innovation in the production of implants because it promises to add sustainability, speed, ease in developing parts with complex geometries and low-cost. Furthermore, Ti-6Al-4V-ELI (ASTM F136) alloy has been widely produced by different AM methods in order to improve its mechanical compatibility with bone and adapt to the needs of each patient. A good strategy is to produce the Ti-6Al-4V-ELI alloy combining different porosities, thus one is able to reduce its Young’s modulus, mimic bone tissue and reduce the stress shielding effect
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Lucas de Mendonça Neuba (IME)
Abstract:
A Babbitt metal microstructure consist of a soft matrix and hard intermetallic particles of Sn-Sb e Cu6Sn. Most of the new bearing materials are based on Babbitt metal alloys. The present work aims to study the possibility of substituting a sealing ring of CuAl Bronze coated with Tin (Sn) for a sealing ring of CuAl coated with superficial lead (Pb) on a functional positive displacement pump. Samples of SAE-68D with dimensions of 2.5 x 2.5 x 1,0 cm were used as samples. These samples were subjected to a thermochemical treatment process, based on different periods ranging from 3, 4, and 5 hours. During these periods a diffusion of the chemical element Pb occurred on the surface of the specimens. A Hardness have been done following the procedures of ASTM E92, after that a comparison between the different groups was analyzed. Besides the results were compared to the previous operating sealing ring of CuAl bronze coated with superficial Sn.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Lucas de Mendonça Neuba (IME)
Abstract:
Babbitt metal alloys are widely applied as bearing materials for years, despite their high cost. The present work aims to use a brass aluminum CuAl alloy coated with superfical tin (Sn) as a replacement of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer widely used in industry for many tribological aplications, highlighting their use in plain bearings, rings and seals. Despite, some positive chacraceristics given by this material it may fail and lose their properties at high pressures and temperatures. For this reason and aiming to reduce some costs by acquiring cheaper materials, the present reseach worked with samples of CuAl brass SAE-68D subjected to a thermochemical treatment processes for differents periods of 3, 4 and 5 hours at temperatures above 150°C. The higher diffusion have ocurred in the period of 5 hours. After that some analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDS have been done to verify the diferrences of the gradients of Sn present on the specimens.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): LUCAS DE MENDONÇA NEUBA (IME)
Abstract:
One of the main biomedical alloys, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, over time generate oxides of V and Al that accumulate in the body and cause cytotoxic effects. Researches have been making an effort for developing β metaestable Ti alloys that combine corrosion resistance, biocompatibility and good mechanical properties. In view of this scenario, the present work aims to characterize a Ti-10Mo-20Nb alloy and compare the results obtained with a Ti-cp alloy and Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The Ti-10Mo-20Nb samples have been subjected to termal treatment at 1000°C, after that they have been water quenched and hot forged at 900°C have been applied resulting on a cross section reduction of 80%. The alloys have been characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Vickers microhardness and the linear polarization technique. For the Ti-10Mo-20Nb alloy the ratio between the hardness and the modulus of elasticity was (3.22), the hardness value (238 HV) and the modulus of elasticity (74 GPa). The Ti-10Mo-20Nb alloy showed less corrosion resistance than the Ti-6Al-4V alloy, but a higher mechanical and biological compatibility when compared to other alloys. Being a promising alternative for biomedical applications due to better biocompatibility with human bone
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Thiago Batalha Barbosa Lima (redentor), Matheus Moraes Torres dos Santos (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Niander aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
This article has as primary objective to define what are the physical and mechanical properties of copper. After the study, the main material characteristics and possible applications in various sectors of national and international industry could be set. To make this possible be consolidated, there was a tensile test according to ASTM A370, the laboratory facilities of the University Redeemer Society. From the results obtained and subsequently verified through mathematical calculations, we conclude several characteristics that the material shows when asked to determined efforts. For this range of good physical, chemical and mechanical properties, which determine the copper as an extremely versatile material and a very great applicability in domestic and international industrial scenario
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Igor Jurandir Ubaldo Viana Pereira (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto), Paulo santos assis (universidade federal de ouro preto)
Abstract:
The selection of the ideal cymbal for each drummer is a personal choice. The drummer besides choosing the cymbal for the kind of music most played also need select the cymbal based on the sound affinity that is a personal concept of ideal sound, which is different for each musician. In the manufacture of cymbals, several factors influence in the final sonority. It is possible to say that each cymbal is unique, where little details, can modify completely the sound produced by the cymbal. The present work has as objective studies the main parameters that determine the final sonority of the cymbal. In this context, the alloy; degree, inclination, height and thickness of the bell; degree, inclination, height and thickness of the surface; weight, elasticity and final hardness of the cymbal; machining and thermal treatment; and the hammering are the main parameters that define the final sonority of the cymbal. In this way, the final sonority of the cymbal depends simultaneously to all these factors. A simple variation of one of these parameters, it affects all the others parameters. This makes each cymbal unique, allowing that exist many types of cymbals to be select by the musicians.
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): Pedro eduardo oliveira de andrade (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB)), Brenda Mayra da Silva Pereira (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DA PARAÍBA (IFPB)), Francisco Augusto Vieira da Silva (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DA PARAÍBA (IFPB)), Francisco Mendes De Abreu (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DA PARAÍBA (IFPB)), João Vitor de Queiroz Marques (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DA PARAÍBA (IFPB)), Martiliano Soares Filho (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DA PARAÍBA (IFPB)), Edleusom Saraiva Da Silva (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DA PARAÍBA (IFPB))
Abstract:
Many factors influence products obtained from metal cutting; among them, the cutting temperature and chip formation during the turning process need particular attention as they can affect the surface integrity of the machined parts. Thus, these machining outcomes will be analyzed, and it will be expected to delineate ranges of feed rate and L/D ratio in which both cutting temperature and chip shape are desirable for an efficient process. AISI 1045 steel was used to manufacture the specimens, and the cutting temperature was obtained using thermal images. Chip analysis was performed through visual inspection. It can be noted that the results of the cutting temperature and the chip shapes presented distinct variabilities; however, when the analysis was finished, it was possible to relate both results.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): ELAINE CRISTINA DO CARMO (GERDAU)
Abstract:
Large losses of electrical assets in industrial plants are usually caused by short circuits followed by fires, and in many cases problems or failures in electrical protection systems are evidenced (due to various types of causes). These failures can lead to an increase in the size of the severity and scope of the problem. The objective of this work is to show in a clear and objective way, the importance of carrying out functional tests in electrical protection systems in a systematic and periodic way, as well as to show the challenges of implementing maintenance plans in electrical panels. A methodology for checking the effectiveness of the protection system in a simple way will be proposed. It will be shown that it is possible to implement measurements and checks to ensure the integrity of the entire protection system in a preventive manner, avoiding loss of assets.
Technical Programming
6/8/22, 3:40 PM - 6/8/22, 4:30 PM
Presenter(s): FERNANDA ALVES DE SOUZA (UFMG)
Abstract:
This work describes a differential evolution algorithm for a real capacity optimization problem resolution. Through this technique was possible to schedule all planned during a 52 Week plan.
Technical Programming
RAILWAY RAIL WELDING SIMULATION: EFFECT OF MATERIAL PROPERTIES ON THERMAL RESIDUAL STRESSES
Presenter(s): HENRIQUE BOSCHETTI PEREIRA (USP)
Abstract:
Finite element method simulations of flash-butt welding were performed with two different physical and mechanical rail material parameters. The main objective was to study the effect of different parameters on residual stresses with fixed boundary conditions. The results showed that, even when studying the same material (rail steel), the residual stress values sharply changed when the simulation parameters change. In addition, a rail was welded to verify the microstructural distribution along the weld. The web center regions and the foot edge were characterized and it was observed no evidence of acicular microconstituents along the weld. In the web center region, proeuctetoid ferrite was observed in the center area, proeuctetoid cementite in the part in which reached temperature near AC3 area and a large amount of spheroidization in the maximum spheroidization area. In the foot edge region, a completely pearlitic microstructure was observed in the center and close to the AC3 areas and a smaller number of spheroidized regions in the maximum spheroidization area, probably due to the higher cooling rate in this region.
Plenary
6/8/22, 4:30 PM - 6/8/22, 6:30 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinators: Debora Oliveira - Director of Communication and International Relations at IABR - Brazil Steel Institute; Francisco Coutinho Dornelas - Consultant and ABM Regional Director in Espírito Santo
Abstract:
Technical Programming
POTENTIAL FOR HEAT RECOVERY IN STEEL MILL BASED IN EOF (ENERGY OPTIMIZING FURNACE) PROCESS
Presenter(s): RÚBIA CRISTINA LOUZADA (MINITEC MINITECNLOGIAS LTDA.)
Abstract:
The frequent fluctuations in the world economy have raised an increasing need for more efficient production processes. The steel industry, as one of the basic industries, is one of the first to suffer the consequences of a downturn in the economy. In addition, despite the constant technological innovations of recent years, it is still a market with enormous potential for improvement. This work is based exactly on this need, seeking to develop a quick and simple methodology for checking the energy potential of a gas in heat recovery boilers. The EOF (Energy Optimizing Furnace) process for steel melting / refining was used as a reference. It was verified significant energy potential for energy cogeneration in this process and identified the best scenario for cogeneration, with excess electricity generation.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): JULIANA PORTO GUIMARAES (USINAS SIDERURGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS SA)
Abstract:
The surface cleanliness of the uncoated steel strip after the cleaning section is extremely important to avoid residue and incrustation on the hot-dip galvanizing line (CGL) rolls, the lack of adhesion of the coating to the substrate surface and contamination of the Zn bath, mainly with Fe. The typical method to assess the surface cleanliness is the reflectance test, as it is low cost, requires few laboratory resources, is non-destructive and fast. It consists of applying a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape over the strip to collect the contaminants and, later, their evaluation by a reflectometer. However, this is a qualitative analysis, and its result is only indicative. Therefore, in this study a comparative analysis was performed between this method and the C and Fe remained concentrations the steels’ surfaces processed in the cleaning section of CGL2 of Unigal. Statistically significant correlations were obtained between the reflectance measurements and the remained concentrations of C, measured by C analyzer, and Fe, analyzed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Thus, it was possible to validate the reflectance test providing subsidies for a better understanding of this extremely relevant process parameter for the surface quality and coating adhesion of hot-dip galvanized steels
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Cleiton Arlindo Martins (GERDAU ouro branco), Altair Lúcio de Souza (gerdau ouro branco), Jorge Adam Cleto Cohn (gerdau ouro branco), Geraldo Lúcio de Faria (universidade federal de ouro preto - ufop), Marcello Arantes Rebellato (Companhia Brasileira de Mineração e Metalurgia - cbmm), Antônio Augusto Gorni (COMPANHIA BRASILEIRA DE MINERAÇÃO E METALURGIA - CBMM), Pello Uranga (CEIT and Universidad de Navarra), Jose Maria Rodríguez-Ibabe (CEIT AND UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA)
Abstract:
The increasing need to obtain high levels of mechanical properties (yield strength – YS, and tensile strength – TS) has imposed several challenges on steel production processes. Load lifting machines are examples of applications that require YS > 600 MPa and TS > 680 MPa. In this scenario, HSLA steels has gained more relevance, given the possibility of increasing mechanical properties with carbon content decrease, favoring welding processes. Recent studies have shown the obtainment of YS above 600 MPa in alloys with 0.06% Nb and 0.1% titanium, in a ratio with nitrogen above the stoichiometric (Ti/N > 3.42). The addition of microalloying elements, associated with thermomechanical processing triggers the activation of hardening mechanisms such as grain refining and precipitation, however, it is necessary to adopt rolling strategies with strict control of process parameters. In this context, this work proposes the development of a hot-rolled steel strip aiming to reach YS > 600 MPa and TS > 680 MPa using a low carbon, Nb and Ti microalloyed alloy, with a Ti addition higher than the stoichiometric ratio and thermomecanically processed in a Steckel mill. Rolling parameters were determined considering microstructural evolution simulations performed in a software adjusted for the Steckel mill – the MicroSim-SM®. The non-recrystallization temperature was experimentally obtained by hot torsion test. Through dilatometry coupled to the strain cell, the alloy CCT diagram was obtained. Applying the above mentioned results, two different rolling strategies were proposed and evaluated in industrial scale. The rolled strips microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated. It was possible to conclude that the applied methodology was efficient aiming to design a processing rout in order to reach a high level of grain refinement and a significant precipitation hardening that guaranteed the desired mechanical properties.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Helton de Freitas COTA (sms group)
Abstract:
The increasingly demanding market for hardened steel bars and heavy tubes for OCTG and various industrial applications requires the developing of more efficient quenching devices. SMS group undertook a significant research effort to expand the original concept of tangential water spraying with the aim of a performance increase and to make it suitable for effectively treating large bars. Computational fluidodynamics added the capability of predicting the quenching results and allowed to skip most the time-consuming prototype realization phase and to optimize the process parameters.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): renata dias e silva souza (soft sider s/a)
Abstract:
Currently, the main process for transforming pig iron into steel is through LD converters, representing around 70% of world steel production. The growing trend in the development of more assertive systems for the steel refining processes control, based on numerical and digital models, aims to optimize decision making according to the forecast of effects caused by the most diverse possible changes in production and plant. This work purpose is to present the Thermo Balance LD development tool, which uses numerical models to load, simulate and evaluate the process in LD converters considering raw material input data, thermal and mass balances, process and quality data losses and steel and slag cost formation
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Edgard marcos ribeiro (Arcelormittal monlevade), Marcos Vinícius Ribeiro da Cunha (ArcelorMittal Monlevade), Geraldo Magela Gomes (arcelormittal monlevade), Ângelo Máximo Fernandes Marins (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE), Gleisson Morais (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE), Gustavo Henrique Sousa (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE), carla regina ferreira (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE), Cesar Takaci Sato (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE), Joaquim Gonçalves Costa Neto (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE), Alin Junior Machado Chaves (ARCELORMITTAL MONLEVADE)
Abstract:
The Pitch circle diameter was statistically assessed against a database of other steelmakers in Brazil and reduced from 830mm to 700mm. The replacement of three-electrode arms was required to accomplish the pitch circle improvement to optimize the energy efficiency of the ladle furnace and reduce the wear of the ladle slag line. Energy consumption and reduction of the ladle wear along the molten slag line are the statistics of more than two thousand heats, the stability of the electric arc. After the implementation of the pitch circle reduction, the outcome achieved was a 10.7% increase in the average of slag line lifespan, energy consumption reduction by 5%, and saving by 6.8% in the electrode consumption.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): RENARDIR PEIXOTO MACIEL JUNIOR (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA DO PECÉM- CSP), Marcos Daniel Gouveia Filho (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA DO PECÉM- CSP), Hana Lívia Frota Coelho (COMPANHIA SIDERÚRGICA DO PECÉM- CSP)
Abstract:
IN CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESS OF CSP, THERE WERE GREAT LOSSES IN QUALITY OF THE FIRST AND LAST SLABS OF THE TUNDISH. AFTER DATA ANALYSIS, IT WAS FOUND THAT THE MAIN DEFECT WAS THE LACK OF WIDTH (FL). THUS, THIS WORK WAS CARRIED OUT TO REDUCE METALLIC LOSS AND REFUSAL SLABS DUE TO THE LACK OF WIDTH DEFECT. THE FOCUS OF THIS WORK WILL BE ON LAST SLABS OF TUNDISH. IT WAS APPLIED THE PDCA METHODOLOGY TO DEVELOP THIS PROJECT. AFTER EXECUTION OF THE ACTIONS, A REDUCTION OF 55% IN REFUSAL SLABS BY FL WAS OBTAINED AND MORE THAN 30% IN THE LENGTH OF TAIL CROP.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Helen Rodrigues Araújo (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO), Guilherme Gadelha de Sousa (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO), Petrônio Luiz Cabral de Carvalho Clemente Fernandes (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO), Thiago Henrique Bezerra de Santana (universidade federal de pernambuco), André de Albuquerque Vicente (UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO), Tiago Felipe de Abreu Santos (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO)
Abstract:
The industrial demands for higher accuracy and quality, requiring a constant improvement of the welding processes. The Gas Tungsten Arc Welding presents itself as an alternative among conventional processes, providing greater control of the thermal input and enabling the union between materials that required less changes in the microstructure. The objective was to determine the temperature thermal history established in the welded joints of austenitic stainless steel 304 by GTAW through computer simulation in a commercial software and providing evaluation about the mechanical properties of the joints. A computational model was developed, based on experimental data obtained during welding, determining the thermal cycles related to the application. In addition, the tensile test was performed to determine mechanical strength of the material. The maximum temperatures were determined in the different regions of the joint, such as 2120.1 ºC in the fusion zone and 860.5 ºC in the HAZ. The tensile strength limit value of 593 MPa was achieved in the welding joint. In addition, it was observed that the temperature gradient in the fusion zone influenced, as expected, in the final microstructure. However, it did not generate losses in mechanical resistance in relation to the expected values according with standards.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): ITALO MARTINS GOMES (PETROBRAS), rodrigo nogueira de codes (ufersa), alex sandro de araujo silva (ufersa)
Abstract:
The Oil and Gas industry has constantly faced problems with equipment corrosion, due to the chemical characteristics of oil, gas and contaminants in reservoirs. In 2010, a triple layer polymeric composite, reinforced with fiberglass, was developed for onshore oil production pipes, as an alternative to API 5L Grade B steel, commonly used and more susceptible to corrosion. In the present work, samples of tubes of this composite were collected in two oil wells in two fields that have been operating with this material for some years. The samples were analyzed by tensile test and compared with a new control sample. A finite element simulation was also carried out in order to understand the mechanical behavior of this new material. The results pointed to a greater mechanical resistance of the well samples and by the finite element simulation, it was seen that the mechanical behavior of the composite is complex and multiaxial, being more indicated instrumented tensile tests with image correlation to characterize this material.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): MARIANE OLIVEIRA MOREIRA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), david coverdale rangel velasco (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Gustavo Maciel Rodrigues Alves (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), NOANTONINISIMONASSI@GMAIL.COM (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), CARLOS MAURÍCIO FONTES VIEIRA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), RÔMULO LEITE LOIOLA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO)
Abstract:
The use of natural fibers in composites is a lighter and more economical alternative to the application of glass fibers. Thus, this work seeks to compare the tensile strength of epoxy composites reinforced with jute fabrics with fiberglass composites, as well as the matrix material, epoxy resin. The resin used was a DGEBA/TETA system and the test was performed according to ASTM 3039, at a rate of 2mm/min. The statistical significance between composites produced and pure epoxy resin was evaluated throught Analysis by Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's Test. The results indicated that the glass fabric composites obtained an increase in tensile strength and tenacity modulus. However, composites reinforced with jute had a similar behavior to epoxy, with no statistically relevant difference.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): José Amilton Cardoso de oliveira filho (Universidade Federal do Ceará), Breno Rabelo Coutinho Saraiva (Universidade Federal do Ceará), João Rodrigues de Barros Neto (Universidade Federal do Piauí), Francisco Bruno Alexandre GÖmes (Universidade Federal Do Ceará), Hamilton Ferreira Gomes de Abreu (Universidade Federal do Ceará), Daniel Rodrigo Leiva (Universidade Federal de São Carlos), Wágner Batista Silva (Universidade Federal de São Carlos)
Abstract:
The interest in magnesium alloys has been exponentially grown, due to its better mechanical properties bound to low density compared with other metals, being widely qualified in automotive industries. This scientific work pursues to improve the mechanical properties of pure magnesium and its alloy EZ33 through the ECAP technique, crucially aiming to analyse the temperature’s effect on hardness and relate with the microstructure. The ECAP process have been made using a die with process parameters such as internal channel of 120º and using the Bc route, following, each sample, the extrusion sequence conditions: 4 passes at 300ºC, then at 250ºC and condition M (1 pass at 300ºC, at 275ºC, at 250ºC and 225ºC), with a pressing speed of 5 mm/min. Then, the analyses were made: microstructure, EDS, and hardness. The alloy showed promising results, presenting higher values in its mechanical properties, mainly on M condition, increasing approximately 15% in hardness, and, for the pure Mg, 32%. The microstructure revealed the diminishing of about 57 and 37 times in grain size for the alloy and pure Mg, respectively. Hence, the magnesium alloys processed by ECAP are considerably optimized in their mechanical and microstructural properties, contributing to higher quality applications.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): DAVI SILVA ALVES (Universidade federal de minas gerais)
Abstract:
The deformation mechanism of lean duplex stainless steel is overly complex not only by their dual phase microstructure, but also due to metastable austenite, which can deform by different mechanisms and transform to martensite by strain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the steps of deformation on low deformed samples of 2204 lean duplex stainless steel at low deformation level (4%-22%). The microstructure was analyzed by x-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, electron backscattered diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and tensile test. It was observed mechanical twinning, ε-martensite, and α’-martensite which evidenced the TRIP effect. The strain hardening rate was calculated and analyzed, and two operating mechanism were observed, sliping and twinning. The fractography analysis showed a quasi-cleavage and dimples formation behavior.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): ANTONIO CESAR DE ARAUJO FREITAS (TSA – Tecnologia de Sistemas de Automação SA)
Abstract:
This paper describes the operation of the online wireless system for monitoring and analyzing vibration and temperature data, which performs the monitoring of conditions in real time and the early diagnosis of failures in machines and rotating devices located in various assets, such as: conveyors , trippers, pumps, screenings, with the purpose of optimizing performance, increasing asset availability, and making a significant contribution to higher quality and lower cost in the iron ore beneficiation process at Plant I of Vale in Serra dos Carajás / State of Para – Brazil
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Bruno valladão fraga (arcelormittal tubarão)
Abstract:
This article presents the work that was carried out aiming at the technological update of the process optimization system (level 2) in ArcelorMittal Tubarão continuous casting machine 2. This work was part of a revamp project for the casting machine, where almost all the physical elements were changed, the control systems and metallurgical models were updated, involving necessary adjustments at all levels of automation and operation.
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 9:00 AM
Presenter(s): Danielle Duarte Bernardi (ArcelorMittal tubarão), Ana Clara Alves Bernabé (ArcelorMittal tubarão), Carla Caon (ArcelorMittal tubarão), Renata Silveira Chagas (ArcelorMittal tubarão), Marcelo de Oliveira Lima (ArcelorMittal tubarão), Tarley Resende Secchin (ArcelorMittal), Bernardo Enne Correa da Silva (ArcelorMittal tubarão)
Abstract:
ArcelorMittal Tubarão is an internationally renowned steel producer, with a production capacity of 7.5 million tons of steel plates and hot rolled coils per year. Since its start-up in 1983, Tubarão has had water management as its central theme, and currently has the lowest index of industrial consumption of fresh water in Brazil. At the plant, 96% of the water used by the company comes from the sea and is used for steel production equipment cooling. In line with the company's strategy against future water scarcity scenarios, in 2021 a seawater desalination plant was built with a production capacity of 500 m³/h of water for industrial purposes, replacing part of the volume consumed by the Rio Santa company Maria da Vitória, and thus allowing greater availability of the resource to society and improving the company's water security
Panels
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinator: Ayrton Filleti - Consultant
Abstract:
Panels
6/9/22, 8:35 AM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinators: José Murilo Mourão - Consultant; Vânia Lúcia de Lima Andrade - ABM´s advisor and consultant; Helênio Resende - Paul Wurth process, marketing and sales management
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): rafael oliveira machado queiroz (Ecolab), Fábio Schusterschitz da Silva Araújo (Ecolab)
Abstract:
The need to optimize the use of water, as well as the methods used for its treatment according to the process requirements, is promoting the need for a holistic review of the best practices in effluent treatments. Therefore, at this moment, new processes, instruments, analyzers, among others, are being created and/or improved, with a focus on the environment, operating costs, quality and safety. The use of Purate technology to replace chlorine as an oxidizer has produced technical, operational and safety gains. This happens because technically, this application does not require high pHs, danger with the formation of CNCl, and requires much less time for oxidation. In terms of safety, Purate is superior since it eliminates the use of chlorine, usually supplied in solution and with large volumes stored, increasing the risk in industrial areas. In addition, the Purate technology allows for greater automation and control in its application, added to the benefits of using chlorine dioxide in the treatment of effluents due to its greater selectivity. Added to this, the reduction of corrosion in the distribution lines, the mitigation of secondary compounds with high toxicity, among other problems, are gains directly linked to the Purate technology
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): THOMAS AZIG (EISENBEISS GMBH)
Abstract:
Enhanced material properties and improved requirements in terms of product/surface quality frequently leads existing stretch leveler/scale breaker (SL/SB) drive systems to or beyond its capabilities. The upgrade of such systems implies a variety of aspects in terms of design and optimization: key topics like power and speed enhancement, increase of control accuracy, consideration of a multitude of different load-cases,… need to be addressed simultaneously while the existing plant layout in most cases has to be kept nearly unchanged. On top a monitoring system is to be integrated many times not only to observe system key components, but also to enable predictive maintenance concepts as well as process & product quality improvements. This article is addressing several key aspects for the conceptional design of a full mechanically coupled SL/SB drive systems, including analysis and differentiation of various load cases to be considered as well as the planetary gear box layout- and dimensional design in the context of different plant layout scenarios. Moreover, the design and implementation of a drive monitoring system to fulfill requirements with respect monitoring, predictive maintenance & process optimization is presented. The aim of this paper is to illustrate plant operators who decided to upgrade such processing lines both the potentials and main topics during the conceptional design phase.*-
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): saulo morais de andrade (usiminas)
Abstract:
The hot rolling is a thermomechanical process characterized by the austenitization during the reheating of slabs, followed by rolling and cooling steps. An important step of this process is the decomposition, or transformation, of austenite during cooling. It is known that when this transformation is not completed, or at least in its majority, prior the coiling, there is a higher tendency of coil slump. This behavior is explained by the volumetric change inherent of austenite decomposition. Coil slump is a critical defect because depending on its magnitude, the coils cannot be sent to subsequent processes or customer. The paper presents a laboratory characterization of the phase transformation during cooling to better understand the occurrence of coil slump in a medium carbon steel and an evaluation based on industrial data of coil slump in steels with carbon content near to 0.10%, with and without microalloying elements, as a function of coiling temperature. To analyze the industrial data, the Choo equation was used to determine Ar3 temperature to infer the influence of phase transformation. It was confirmed that phase transformation can be associated as a determining factor in the coil slump of hot rolled coils.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): GABRIEL NAZARETH GUEDES ALCOFORADO (ARCELORMITTAL BRASIL SA)
Abstract:
For a hot strip mill’s reheating furnace system to maintain a steady condition during normal operation, can be a real challenge. Any disturbance in the combustion process or in the fuel properties can result in environmental emissions out of the chimney. Isokinetic measurements are widely applied for dust measurement instruments calibration. Its purpose is to collect several samples from predefined points in the measurement surface and compare the results with the dust monitor measurement installed. From this comparison, a correction curve is obtained and loaded in the analyzer instrument. Aiming to achieve the best possible accuracy and representative samples, the isokinetic measurement must follow some requirements concerning the sampling points distribution, process, and flow conditions. To achieve a fully developed flow, some standardized and regulated requirements are defined, but once there is an internal pressure control damper direct installed in the stack structure, it can produce flow disturbances. This paper describes a flow profile distortion analysis after the control damper installed in a hot strip mill’s reheating furnace chimney and its possible impacts on isokinetic measurements.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): GUILHERME SANTIAGO QUEIROZ (UFOP), Gustavo Santos Galante (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto), CARLOS ANTÔNIO DA SILVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), ITAVAHN ALVES DA SILVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), JOHNE JESUS MOL PEIXOTO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
During the drainage and tipping stage of the BOF (Basic Oxygen Furnace) reactor, the slag can be carried-over to subsequent steps of the beneficiation process. To limit the passage of slag, it is necessary to interrupt the steel flow, sacrificing metal yield, directly affecting production costs. In the present work, a mathematical model was developed in order to describe BOF drainage. Data from a physical model have been correlated to this mathematical simulations. Water and NaCl solution were used in order to simulate liquid steel, oils with viscosity of 200 and 500 cSt were used to simulate slag. The physical model was tipped from the vertical position and a stopper was used to inhibit the drainage of oils during the rotation step of tapping. With this modified condition, the physical and CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) results of mass flowrate and the beginning of oil drag reached a good agreement. From the analysis of the velocity profiles of the CFD model it was possible to characterize the phenomena of dragging of the supernatant phase, as well as the possible existence of erosion wear zones in the taping hole region was verified.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): ANTONIO MARLON BARROS SILVA (IFMG)
Abstract:
This study is meant to provide some basic knowledge of the metallurgical behavior of a modified RH degasser. The new arrangement proposed for this reactor was a reduction on down-leg length to place steel jet discharge inside slag layer. This modification was studied using physical modeling with three oil types (silicon oil, soybean oil and kerosene) to simulate slag and two continuous fluid, water and saline solution, to simulate molten steel. This modification had no impact in main fluid flow in the reactor, but a huge amount of oil dispersion was obtained. Therefore, desulfurization on this modified reactor can be improved in a great manner. The oil droplets flow is more restricted to the region nearby the down flow jet in the cases of high-density difference between continuous and disperse phase. Moreover, this oil droplets flow restriction is an evidence that slag should not be present in great amount in the vacuum chamber for an industrial application, so excessive refractory wear is not expected. This is an important feature for the proposed modification.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): CAROLINE MORGADO AMORIM (ECOLAB QUIMica LTDA)
Abstract:
Open mold cooling systems have been a major challenge for chemical conditioning. The use of traditional programs generates a high potential for deposition due to the high rate of heat exchange and the characteristics of the recirculating water. To face these risks, a Brazilian steelmaker did not use a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel to reduce the likelihood of deposition in the molds. As a result, corrosion rates on carbon steel were high, and mold life and facility productivity were severely compromised. Nalco Water has developed a new technology called Pearl that acts as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel without increasing the fouling potential of the system. This technology was implemented in this steel mill and in the first month of application alone it was possible to reduce the corrosion rate of carbon steel by 55%, fitting the parameter into the technical specification, which led to an increase in operational reliability by increasing the performance of the cooling system of the molds. There was a 91% reduction in the rate of non-conforming products due to cracks, with an annual impact of over USD 350k.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): kLEINER MARQUES MARRA (Centro Universitario UNA), Kleiner Marques Marra (Centro Universitário UNA), Livia Carneiro Marra (Tetra Pak)
Abstract:
The TIG (Tungsten Inet Gas) welding process is focused and initially some specific information about the versions with argon gas and helium gas were mentioned. These two versions were compared and it was emphasized that TIG-he welding uses higher flow rates of shielding gas and the need for higher welding voltage because helium has lower density and higher ionization potential compared to argon gas. As a result TIG-Ar welds are narrower and deeper (more concentrated arc heat). For the purpose of comparing welding costs, a Microsoft ExcelR spreadsheet was developed to estimate the costs involved in the two TIG versions. It was observed that when using He the cost is about 20% higher compared to the TIG-Ar version.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Amanda Mendes Ribeiro (UENF), Rômulo Leite Loyola (UENF), Juliana Soares de Faria (UENF), Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
Wood is a strong and versatile natural raw material, which justifies its uses in civil industry applications that vary between structures and aesthetic. Within the perspective of materials sciences, wood can be understood as natural polymeric matrices composite reinforced by natural lignocellulosic fibers. A type of wood that is commonly used are those extracted from eucalyptus. Due to the adaptability of the tree, alongside with the relative short growth period this variety is one of the most cultivated in Brazil. Even with modern processing techniques, between 60 and 70% of the tree is used as wood, which generates a large amount of waste that is normally used as an energetic material. Thus, the objective of this work is to study the possibility of using waste from the timber industry as a reinforcement in polymer matrix composites. The polymer in question is a vegetable polyurethane resin derived from castor oil and the studied residue is wood chips taken from 3 different stages of eucalyptus processing. As a method of characterization reinforced composites between 10 and 40% in volumetric fraction of the 3 residues (RE1, RE2 and RE3) were individually made and subjected to tensile tests. The results show that, in low volumetric fractions, the residues cause a decrease in performance. The loss of performance is associated with the appearance of bubbles in the matrix and, as the volumetric fraction increases, the residue tends to act as reinforcement and the tensile strength has an increase of up to 40% comparing to pure resin.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): rafael carilo vivas (ITPAC - PORTO NACIONAL)
Abstract:
In civil construction, concrete is the most consumed material and can admit in its composition the addition of various types of waste such as glass powder. Addition of the disposable glass powder in partial replacement of the washed sand in the concrete mass contributes to a correct disposal of this residue and can contribute to circular economy. This study investigated the addition of residual glass powder to concrete with percentages of 2% to 8%. The results show that the greater the addition of glass, the greater the influence on mechanical and technological properties. Additions 4%, 6% and 8% can reduce the compressive strength (36%, 42% ± 51%); respectively; most favored workability.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): rodrigo santos messner (ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO), Gabriel Godinho Alves (ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO), Juliano Braz Possati (ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO)
Abstract:
A combination of productivity and quality can be obtained a product that adds value to the customer, guaranteeing their satisfaction and, consequently, financial return to the company. During the hot rolling process, quality deviations can occur that impact the final cost of the product. One of these deviations is the inadequate flatness of the strips, which impairs the customer's final application. The objective of the project was to reduce losses due to flatness defects from the Hot Strip Mill (HSM) of ArcelorMittal Tubarão, using the Lean Six Sigma methodology obtained by joining “Lean Manufacturing”, which aims to eliminate waste during the production process and Six Sigma as a management strategy which seeks to maximize the performance of processes. The methodology uses the DMAIC tool, divided into five stages: Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control. The project achieved a 67% reduction in losses (discards and downgrades) in 2020 compared to the previous year (2019). The financial gain was US$ 1.045.000,00.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): GERALDO LUCIO DE FARIA (Universidade Federal de ouro preto), Pablo Henrique Kelly Campos (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto), Charles Henrique Xavier Morais Magalhães (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Natália Aparecida Barbosa Pimenta (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
The TRIP steel type is part of the Advanced High Strength Steels group. Its good mechanical properties is possible due to its precise thermomechanical processing in association with the knowledge about the kinetics of phase transformation. In this scenario, performing physical simulations in a quenching dilatometer, the present work evaluated the effect of Step Quenching (SQ) heat treatments on the kinetics of ferrite formation and on the microstructural evolution in a TRIP 780 steel. The effects of three isotherms (700°C, 750°C and 800°C) followed by accelerated cooling at 200°C/s to room temperature were evaluated. For the more favorable temperature to the control of the ferrite fraction, the temporal evolution of the constituent formation was modeled using the JMAK equation, as well as the kinetics of ferrite grain growth was investigated. It was found that, for the studied conditions, the temperature of 700°C allowed greater control over the ferrite fraction. For 700°C, it was possible to determine the n and K constants of the JMAK equation, obtaining good predictability about the temporal evolution of the ferrite formation. For the same temperature, the ferrite grain growth was satisfactorily modeled by applying the Zener Equation.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): GERALDO LUCIO DE FARIA (UniverSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Daynara Faustina Moreira de Oliveira (uNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), pAULO sÉRGIO mOREIRA (uNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
UNS S41003 (410D) ferritic stainless steel is being offered in the market as a great performance solution for various applications. Recently, it was observed that the use of a biphasic microstructure, composed of ferrite and martensite, was considered an interesting alternative to improve this steel mechanical performance. In this context, this work proposed to evaluate the effect of the intercritical austenitizing temperature on the start (Ms) and end (Mf) temperatures on the martensitic transformation of a UNS S41003 steel type, using dilatometry as experimental tool. In this case, different samples were heated at a rate of 3°C/s from room temperature to different intercritical austenitizing conditions, in which they remained for 5 minutes, and then they were cooled at a rate of 100°C/s. The results showed that the increase in the intercritical austenitizing temperature from 850°C to 950°C promoted an increase of approximately 27°C in Ms and 25°C in Mf. Therefore, it can be stated that the critical temperatures (Ms and Mf) were significantly affected by the austenitizing condition. The increase in the intercritical austenitizing temperature favored the formation of martensite, providing an increase in the material microhardness.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:00 AM - 6/9/22, 9:25 AM
Presenter(s): Franz Ramstorfer (TERNIUM BRASIL), Gabriel Yoshiharu Sato (Ternium Brasil), Leonardo Martins Demuner (Ternium Brasil)
Abstract:
In the present work, the development of an anomaly detection methodology of the strand guide of a continuous casting machine based on the monitoring of the strand extraction force is shown. The anomaly detection is based on the comparison of the actual total drive force with the nominal value, calculated by an artificial neural network (ANN), which was trained and optimized using the most relevant casting parameters of actual production data. This paper gives an overview about the development process, the general behavior of the total extraction force and the practical application of the system in preventive caster maintenance.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Guilherme pereira de Oliveira (VALE - VALER - DANTE MICHE), André capua de lima (VALE - VALER - DANTE MICHE)
Abstract:
The Discrete Element Method has been used successfully in the modeling of industrial processes, mainly in the handling of materials from the mineral industry. The present work aims to apply the Discrete Elements Method (DEM) with a soft particle approach to improve the design of a deflector in an iron ore ship loader to increase its reach and reduce its spread. The DEM proved to be an adequate and essential tool for this task. Without the creation of a virtual model (digital twin) it would probably be impossible to assess the impacts of an intervention of this magnitude, which would make decision making unfeasible or would bring many side effects with rework, generating more costs and lost profit for the company. The calibration process of the contact parameters has allowed the application of larger particle sizes and the simplification of their geometry, still obtaining satisfactory results in the simulations, which were confirmed after the implementation of the new deflector project. It was possible to reduce the spread of the deflector by about 40% and move its range by 500 mm. This is a great example of direct application of an existing technology to improve the performance of port assets.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): patrick petrônio de castro andrade (gerdau), josé Geraldo da Silva Moreira (gerdau), Eder Quental de Araujo (gerdau), Bruno Santos Pimentel (viridis), Thiago Turchetti Maia (viridis), Marcelo Pena Kelles (viridis), Fernanda Paiva Drumond (viridis)
Abstract:
The effective management of energy and resources has become a critical source of competitiveness and sustainability for industrial operations, particularly for the steel segment. Given the complexity and interdependence of its processes, which is often the case of integrated plants, the adoption of digital solutions that enable managing energy performance, improving efficiency continuously, forecasting energy demand, and managing contracts, budgets, and costs becomes an imperative. This paper describes the experience of Gerdau Ouro Branco in implementing an integrated energy management digital solution and capturing value from consistent energy efficiency improvements, operational stability, and improved governance.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Jefferson Lisboa Lelis (USIMINAS), antonio Adel dos santos (Autonomo )
Abstract:
An investigation was carried out on the effect of cooling conditions in hot run-out table (ROT) on microstructure and mechanical properties in a 500 MPa grade Nb-Ti microalloyed steel, using dilatometry simulations and industrial process data. In addition to traditional approach considering only finish rolling temperature (FRT) and coiling temperature (CT), the cooling path from FRT to CT was also investigated. It was found that the interaction among three strengthening mechanisms, grain size refining, precipitation and dislocation density, that contribute to mechanical properties, allowed a wide range of processing conditions to be suitable for producing this steel grade.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Christoph druffner (Maschinenfabrik Herkules GmbH & Co. KG)
Abstract:
This paper is dedicated to state-of-the-art grinding technologies available in 2021 for roll shops of rolling mills around the world. Special emphasis is given to the automation of the process and its digitalization. Topics covered are: • Precise and efficient roll grinding techniques using the KP 10 Controller, the Herkules CNC control of the latest generation, for high-end roll grinding machines • Online measurement of rolls during the grinding process for fast grinding times and quality assurance • Monolith™ foundation – the solution for existing roll shops avoiding conventional inertia block foundations and for improved grinding results • Digitalization of roll machining • Practical examples The paper will support decisions maker – technical and commercial ones – regarding investments in the roll shop of their mills and its need for automation in order to stay competitive and be prepared for the coming decade.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): adel sheikhhosseiniesfahani (CHODANSAZAN(CSMETAL) CO), babak nazari (CHODANSAZAN(CSMETAL) CO), hosseini zakerinia (CHODANSAZAN(CSMETAL) co)
Abstract:
Cast iron rolls are defined as nodular irons or Nihard irons. The nodular irons used primarily in bar, rod and structural mills, may have either a pearlitic or acicular matrix and may be either statically or centrifugally cast. Some low alloyed irons are a type of Accicular cast iron rolls because of it has constitutes a much higher production tonnage. These rolls always double poured, and using centrifugal casting methods, even though it was statically cast for many years. AC+ and ACA Tech are high performance, centrifugal cast, double poured (AC duplex) work rolls. Acicular iron rolls for bar, rod and structural applications can have a hardness of 55 to 76 HSc. Extreme care in the foundry must be exercised to attain a hardness greater than 72 HSc This paper describes the principle of the AC+ and ACA-Tech rolls concept and its wide range of usability. The AC+ and ACA-Tech concept provides a solution for rod and bar mills to increase performance and output, even under harsh rolling conditions. The main focus is highly loaded mill stands that require both high wear resistance up to 30-40 % and increasing the resistance against thermal fatigue and crack propagation in dog bone, slitter and Finishing stand with the minimum hardness drop in depth and performance
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): RAPHAEL MARIANO DE SOUZA (ifes), Inamara amanda souza santos (ifes), caio vaccari silva (ifes), felipe fardin grillo (ifes), josé roberto de oliveira (ifes), Vinícios Andreatta (ArcelorMittal Tubarão)
Abstract:
Understanding the factors that influence the effectiveness of steel dephosphorization allows for better process control and optimization. The present work aims to study the properties of LD converter slag and the hot metal silicon content, in order to develop a solid scientific basis for modeling the dephosphorization and assess dephosphorization efficiency. Different compositions of industrial heat slags were selected to be analyzed. The mentioned slag properties and phases were determined by computational thermodynamics using the software FactSage 8.0 and the results of these analyzes was related to the dephosphorization efficiency from the respective heats slags. Based on these simulations, the parameter Dephosphorization Factor (FDeP = aCaO + aFeO + (Nliquid – Nsolid)* KDeP) was used to measure the slags efficiency in hot metal dephosphorization and analyzes were made and discussed by charts plotting and correlation observation. The results show that greater CaO activity is an important condition to promote dephosphorization, whereas hot metal with higher Si content presents less efficiency in dephosphorization, due to the higher SiO2 formation, which decreases the basicity. It was found that FDeP presents a high correlation (R2) with the dephosphorization efficiency and can be used to predict which slag will be the most efficient.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): aline lima da silva (UFMG)
Abstract:
There is a lack of tundish models focused on the analysis of slag-steel-inclusion interaction, which are very important for understanding the steel reoxidation by tundish slag. In previous studies from literature in this field, it is found relevant deviations between calculated and experimental results, especially for predictions of oxygen and silicon contents. Besides, no information is provided regarding temporal behavior of inclusions as steel composition changes with time during steel/slag interaction. In this context, the present work aims at contributing to the development of a comprehensive model able to accurately predict steel composition as a function of time. For this purpose, a reaction zone model coupling thermodynamics and mass transfer, adapted from (Kim et al., 2018) [11], is employed. In addition, the fundamentals of this model are used for developing a sub-model able to simulate steel/inclusion interaction, allowing to predict the behavior of a single inclusion with time (size and phase transformations). The slag-steel-inclusion interaction is simulated in FactSage macro processing module. The model is able to accurately reproduce compositional evolution of molten steel, using laboratory scale experimental data from literature. It is found that the greater the SiO2 concentration in the slag, the greater silicon and oxygen pick-up. Si is quickly incorporated into bulk steel; its concentration can increase from 178 to 1487 ppm in 20 minutes. The inclusion growth curves follow the O concentrations in bulk steel, and inclusion size increases with increasing SiO2 content in the slag. While, in the case of high silica slag, inclusion is composed only of Al2O3 phase, in the case of low silica slag, inclusion consists of Al2O3 core surrounded by a liquid calcium aluminate layer, because Ca is transferred from slag to steel, promoting liquid oxide phase formation.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): laryssa de jesus ramos (ternium br)
Abstract:
In the process of continuous casting, as well as in the entire steel production chain, we constantly seek to increase productivity, adding to this a higher quality of products and lower production costs. As an alternative to increase productivity, mixtures of different types of steel are frequently occurring within the same casting sequence, this mixture can occur in the tundish and in the execution of flying tundish with grade change in the mold. In both cases, slabs containing different steel qualities are generated, which can reach significant volumes with the production of these mixing slabs, representing significant losses for companies. For this mixing procedure to result in cost reduction, it is necessary that the loss of steel generated in the mixture and rework are minimized. This work evaluated the use of separator plate in the mold of the continuous casting machine, allowing an improvement in the practice of the fly tundish with grade change, which made it possible to increase the number of heats in the sequence, reducing qualitative falls due to less mixing slabs with grade change in the mold, in addition to reducing the machine stoppage time.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): MILTON SERGIO FERNANDES DE LIMA (IEAv), Vinicius Machado Mansur (IEAv), Raquel Alvim Figueiredo Mansur (ieav), Rafael humberto de mota siqueira (ieav), sheila medeiros de Carvalho (ufes)
Abstract:
The present study aims to contribute to the understanding of laser welding of DP600 dual phase steel sheets from a microstructural and mechanical point of view. In the range of thermal inputs between 12 and 48J/mm, it was found that the best condition was that in which the power was 1200W and speed of 50mm/s for a 1.6mm thick sheet. The fusion zone was 0.3mm wide at the center of the bead with a martensitic microstructure. The volumetric fraction of martensite decreases from the fusion line to the base material, but the maximum hardness obtained (365HV) is observed in the heat affected zone next to the fusion line. Laser beam welding did not cause a change in the mechanical behavior as verified in uniaxial tensile and Erichsen forming tests. Therefore, the fiber laser welding methodology becomes appropriate for the welding of DP600 steel sheets, which require subsequent cold forming.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Matheus Pereira Ribeiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), pEDRO HENRIQUE POUBEL MENDONÇA DA SILVEIRA (55), lucas de mendonça neuba (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), thuane teixeira da silva (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (Instituto Militar de Engenharia)
Abstract:
Natural lignocellulosic fibers composites have been used in different applications, such as in the automotive industries, civil construction, sports equipment and packing. Among the natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLF), the hemp fiber has several applications and is historically used in textile industries, papers and even as medicine. However, only scarce applications of hemp fibers exist as engineering materials. Thus, the work investigated the impact resistance of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with hemp fabric, comparing different fractions of volumes of hemp fabric, 10, 20 and 30%, by Izod impact test. The results showed that although the 30% vol. hemp fabric composites samples did not break completely, their absorbed energy was substantially higher than the others composites. On the other hand, the 10 and 20% vol. composites showed similar performance on the test, which was corroborated by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Raí Felipe Pereira Junio (IME)
Abstract:
The natural lignocellulosic fibers NLFs present a high variation of their properties, several factors are responsible for such variability. The study of the diametrical variation of natural fibers by the properties presented, is extremely important to predict possible applications of responsibility for these materials. The present work proposes to evaluate the influence of the diametrical variation on the properties of the carnauba fibers (Copernicia prunifera), for that, optical microscopy, density determination by the Archimedes principle, mechanical tests of fiber traction and electron microscopy were used. scanning (SEM). Through the analysis of diametrical variation, the carnauba fibers have an average diameter of 0.769 mm, with an average density of 1.13 g / cm3 ± 0.22 g / cm3. The fiber tensile tests returned reasonable mechanical properties for the fibers, with an average tensile strength of 70 MPa, Young's modulus of 1.54 GPa and elongation of 5.5%. In SEM micrographs, the fibers showed porosities and superficial defects along their useful length. Carnauba fibers have reasonable mechanical properties and density similar to other FNLs, such characteristics can be positive indications of their applicability in polymeric matrix composites
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Miguel Ângelo Menezes (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), DANIEL MARIANO BARBARA (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), DANILO ALVES DIAS (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), AMANDA DE BRITO MATTAR ANDRADE (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), CAROLINA BERTON SANCHES (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), LUCAS FORNAZIERO DE OLIVEIRA (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira), RAPHAEL BORGES RODRIGUES VIEIRA (UNESP - Universidade estadual paulista "julio de mesquita filho" - Campus de Ilha Solteira)
Abstract:
The present work aims to highlight the improvement in the final result of the manufacture of suspension points in the chassis and in other components of a formula SAE vehicle. After some errors observed in the 2018 project, it was necessary to carry out studies for possible improvements in its construction, which resulted in the choice and use of templates made in Medium Density Fiber Boards (MDF). The plates were cut with the projected geometries through the laser cutting process and were later assembled to accommodate the chassis together with the metal sheets, ensuring a positioning close to the expected. The final result showed a satisfactory decreasing in the percentage error of positioning, as in the time spent throughout the process and, therefore, in a significant improvement in the quality of the welding, since the entire structure was fixed, thus facilitating manual work.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): WAGNER MONTEIRO DE SOUZA (ARCELORMITTAL BRASIL SA), Henrique Severiano de jesus (Arcelormittal brasil sa), Rinaldo Henrique Pedrini (Arcelormittal brasil sa ), Letícia Estefânia Krebel Pinho (Arcelormittal brasil sa), Roberto Marotta (GERARDI do BRASIL ltda )
Abstract:
The machining center is a piece of equipment that, besides forming solid materials, also produces the completion of parts, being essential for industries that seek productivity gains. The Mechanical Testing Laboratory at ArcelorMittal Tubarão produces test samples and performs mechanical tests on steel plates, such as traction and Charpy impact. In this laboratory a new machining center with a clamping system was installed and developed to increase productivity in the preparation of test samples. The objective of this work is to evaluate the productivity increase of this new equipment, aiming to optimize the production of steel samples in the Laboratory. In the new condition an increase in the machining time for the traction CP was observed, but with a larger number of test samples. In the CP’s of Charpy tests, a substantial reduction in preparation time was evident, especially since using only one piece of equipment for this purpose.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Júlio césar dutra (centro universitário fei), jacqueline MATSUDA AUGUSTINI (CENTRO UNIVERSITÁRIO FEI)
Abstract:
Microstructural analysis is extremely important and used for a lot of purposes, one of them being the study of the evolution of grain growth and its influence on material properties. Network analysis can be used to this end, so two algorithms were developed in Python to analyze both theoretical and real microstructures, enumerating grains and finding their neighbors to calculate many variables from this analysis, such as: centrality degree of nodes, standardized centrality degree of nodes, group degree centrality, variance of node degrees and average standardized degree. Both detection of grain boundaries, grains, and their network analysis are efficiently done in both algorithms, with the nodes positioned accordingly to geoDESICAL microstructural positions. This may be used in studies involving network analysis applied to grain growth evolution.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): victor gabriel carvalho meira (CSN MINERACAO - CONGONHAS)
Abstract:
In view of the current situation in the mining sector, with high added value of iron ore, it is necessary to increase productivity, avoid waste and create mechanisms that obtain the maximum potential of assets without defining them at risk, maintaining socio-environmental responsibility. Through this vision, after studying the biggest expenses with replacing the friction elements of the brake system of the equipment for the road, this work began in which it was determined which materials are the most cost effective for our operation. Thus, four different types of friction sets used in truck brake systems for the road, from different manufacturers, were tested for wear resistance in order to estimate which of the sets have greater durability in the field. For this, the materials were tested in a tribometer in the pin-to-disc configuration, where the pin is the steel plate and as a disc, or friction disc. Track wear was measured after the test using confocal microscopy. Finally, the wear results and the friction coefficient of the materials were extracted and compared to determine the most cost-effective material for an operation.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:25 AM - 6/9/22, 9:50 AM
Presenter(s): Arthur parreira silva medeiros (IHM STEFANINI), FLÁVIA GUIMARÃES DA ROCHA GODINHO CAMPOS VARGAS (NEXA RESOURCES), Gilvan de Souza Amorim Júnior (NEXA RESOURCES), ANA CAROLINA DE ALMEIDA OLIVEIRA (IHM STEFANINI), BRENO AUGUSTO MIRANDA VALENTE (IHM STEFANINI), BRUNA SILVEIRA COSTA (NEXA RESOURCES), Gabriel David de Souza Lucas (ihm stefanini), Jonathan Fonseca Ramos da Silva (NEXA RESOURCES), Juliana Vieira Martins (IHM STEFANINI), Marcelo de Andrade Aguilar (nexa resources)
Abstract:
The search for ways to reduce costs and increase production efficiency is visible in the current mining sector. An alternative is the application of Expert Systems capable of assisting in the plant operation in order to optimize key-results of each process, such as productivity, quality and security. Based on fuzzy logic, these systems are comprised of computer programs that control the process in the same way as a specialist of the plant. However, this type of approach requires constant monitoring and maintenance, since the benefits achieved can be lost over time. This paper aims to demonstrate a case at the Milling Plant W and C at Nexa Resources in Vazante, from the revitalization of the Expert System installed at the unit. As a result of this project, it was possible to obtain an average feed increase of 1.9% at Milling Plant W and 4.4% at Milling Plant C, as well as an average reduction in electricity consumption of 0.18 kWh/t and 0.7 kWh/t, respectively. The methodology that was applied in the project stimulated and demanded the collaboration of operators and engineers from Nexa Resources who integrally supported the project, leading to a more agile and efficient execution.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): lorenzo bortolon scandian (arcelormittal)
Abstract:
This article aims to illustrate the steps of a project responsible for expanding the capacity to transport steel cargo at the Praia Mole Steel Products Terminal (TPS). The project to increase the capacity of one of the TPS shore cranes was a very important milestone for the Terminal. Here, the procedures that followed the effectiveness of the augmentation will be addressed, as well as the contour of the mishaps that arose along the way. The results achieved and other benefits arising after the completion of the project will also be addressed.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Adriano Gomes de Freitas (uNIVERSIDADE fEDERAL do abc (UFABC)), Ricardo Borges dos Santos (Zeppelin Systems Latin America), Vitor Furlan de Oliveira (Universidade de São Paulo), Yuri Oliveira Lima (Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)), Leandro Martins Pereira (Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC)), Luis Alberto Martinez Riascos (Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC))
Abstract:
This work presents the experimental characterization of a novel industrial bulk solids feeder named Batchpump and it aims to verify the performance in terms of transport capacity and compressed gas consumption of an unconventional compact blow tank, used as a feeding device for dense phase pneumatic conveying. Experimental test data was collected for limestone as the conveyed material. The developed device has the performance parameters (transport rate and gas consumption) compared to conventional versions of blow tanks operating at 4 bar pressure and conveying powder material at about 9 t/h rate, however, with smaller dimensions and simplification in operation, which are such relevant characteristics to implement a new conveyor line in existing systems.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): altair lucio de souza (GERDAU OURO BRANCO), Gustavo Sales de Paula (GERDAU OURO BRANCO), JACSON MORAIS BORJES (GERDAU OURO BRANCO), LUCIANO MORAIS TEIXEIRA (GERDAU OURO BRANCO)
Abstract:
The rolling process in the finishing step in the Steckel Mill from Gerdau Ouro Branco is done by applying tension between the mandrel of the input and output furnaces, called drum, with the rolling mill to ensure the strip alignment during the rolling process. Depending on the applied tension, stretching in the strip can occur, causing a loss in the strip width. From the observation of this principle, a gain was inserted in the calculation of the tension between rolling mill and drum, to generate stretch in strips with measured width at the end of the roughing step greater than the specified maximum width ensuring that the generated coil meets product width tolerances. Depending on the applied tension, the reduction in width can reach up to 10 mm. With the implementation of this logic in the L2 system, the product deviations by width above the limit were considerably reduced
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Dominik Recker (ISRA VISION PARSYTEC), Simone Katharina Weigelt (ISRA VISION PARSYTEC), Alan Mello (ISRA VISION PARSYTEC)
Abstract:
The overall quality of heavy plates and hot-rolled strip is determined not least by their surface quality. The optical, two dimensional (2D) inspection of rolled steel surfaces for quality control is state of the art and well established today. However, during rolling of heavy plates the application of 2D inspection is very limited due to commonly heavy surface structure. Furthermore, the defect depth is critical in plate grading. Inspection of the rolled plate surface by laser triangulation (3D) inspection offers fast and reliable detection and classification of surface defects, provides defect depth information and is applicable even during the rolling process. This article describes the basic principles of this technology and its application in industry along with results from the field. Additionally, two new developments for hot strip mills – an infrared channel as well as a feature for coil tail measurement – will be presented here. The infrared channel enables making use of the thermal radiation of the hot strip providing a completely new view of the steel surface. By this and the new coil tail measurement add-on, quality management as well as material handling will be improved leading in the end to the reduction of scrap and CO2 emissions.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): FELIPE SANTOS MOREIRA (SMS GROUP METALURGIA DO BRASIL LTDA.), Peter Schalk (TBK Automatisierung und Messtechnik GmbH), GERNOT SCHEIFLINGER (TBK AUTOMATISIERUNG UND MESSTECHNIK GMBH)
Abstract:
EVER-HIGHER DEMANDS ON THE QUALITY OF HOT ROLLED PRODUCTS NECESSITATE CONTINUOUS MONITORING OF THE ROLLING PROCESS. THE ACQUIRED DATA ENABLES QUICK REACTION WITH RESPECT TO PROCESS CONTROL ON THE ONE HAND AND PROVIDES A BASIS FOR CONTINUOUS QUALITY CONTROL THROUGHOUT THE WHOLE PRODUCTION PROCESS ON THE OTHER HAND. IN THIS WORK WE PRESENT AN INNOVATIVE METHOD OF CROSS SECTION MEASUREMENT, SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION AND AUTOMATIC SURFACE INSPECTION BASED ON LIGHT SECTIONING. IT CAN BE APPLIED ON A MULTITUDE OF DIFFERENT CROSS-SECTIONAL SHAPES AND HAS PROVEN ITS PRACTICABILITY AT NUMEROUS IMPLEMENTATIONS IN ROLLING MILLS WORLDWIDE. ORIGINALLY DESIGNED TO MEASURE AND GUARANTEE THE DIMENSIONAL ACCURACY IN HARSH ROLLING ENVIRONMENTS, THE SAME EQUIPMENT IN THE PRODUCTION LINE IS USED TO COLLECT DATA FOR AUTOMATIC SURFACE INSPECTION. AN ASSEMBLY OF SYNCHRONIZED LIGHT SECTIONING SENSORS IS PLACED AROUND THE MATERIAL AND DELIVERS COMPLETE CROSS-SECTIONAL PROFILES AT AN EXTREMELY HIGH DATA RATE WHILE THE PRODUCT MOVES ALONG. ALIGNMENT AND LOCAL COMPARISON OF THE CROSS SECTIONS ALLOWS THE AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF SURFACE DEFORMATIONS SUCH AS BUMPS OR DENTS AS WELL AS SEAMS, GROOVES, OR COMPARABLE LONGITUDINAL DEFECTS. ALL PARAMETERS USED TO TUNE THE SENSITIVITY OF THE DEFECT DETECTION ARE BASED ON GEOMETRIC DIMENSIONS. WHILE THE INSPECTION PROCESS IS UNIVERSALLY APPLICABLE, REGIONS OF INTEREST ON THE CONTOUR CAN BE DEFINED TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE REQUIREMENTS FOR INDIVIDUAL PROFILE TYPES.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): CAIO VACCARI SILVA (IFES), Elton volkers do Espírito santo (IFES), inamara amanda souza de oliveira (IFES), kessia gomes paradella (IFES), FELIPE FARDIN GRILLO (IFES), josé roberto de oliveira (IFES)
Abstract:
In the present study, an analysis of the dephosphorization efficiency of a standard mixture M1 (60.28% FeO, 37.24% CaO, 1,51% SiO2) and five other mixtures was performed. Mixture mass (60,70 and 80g), working temperature (1400ºC and 1350ºC) and addition method (one-step and two-step) were varied. Experimental tests were carried in a heated resistance furnace from Fortelab, at temperatures of 1400°C and 1350ºC, with constant agitation of 450 RPM. At the end of experiments, images from the crucible surfaces were captured and analyzed on Quantikov 15.86 and simulations were performed on FactSage 7.3 to determine final slag properties. Mixture M1 achieved better efficiency than the other variations in all the studied conditions. It was observed that lower particle agglomeration (lower average area and average diameter) and better final slag properties improved dephosphorization efficiency and that the correlation between agglomeration properties and the dephosphorization efficiency was approximately inversely proportional.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): TAMIRES MIRANDA MILAGRES PORTILHO (uNIVERSIDADE fEDERAL DE sÃO cARLOS)
Abstract:
Preheating the refractory lining of industrial equipment usually consumes large amounts of energy. This step is usually long and impacts the costs and productivity of several economic sectors. More effective, cost-effective, and sustainable heating practices should be studied and implemented. Additionally, this step is critical to the refractory and the industry that uses it because the material goes through transformations when heated up to the usual process temperatures, such as the evaporation of water, the elimination of volatile materials, or reactions in the solid-state. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure the quality of these materials by applying an appropriate heating curve. This work proposes the development of a practical tool for the quantification of the rate of energy generation per unit volume of refractory materials, necessary to increase the energy involved in the chemical and physical transformations that occur during the preheating of the lining. To this end, experiments were performed to characterize the thermal properties of the material, in addition to simulations using the finite element method to build a model that considers these amounts of energy. Based on this, the study presents the potential of the tool when used for the comparison of different coating configurations and heating conditions regarding energy consumption and time employed. The simulations for an aluminous concrete showed a maximum temperature difference at the first heating of 2 °C between the experimental value and that obtained in the simulation, showing itself to be a methodology for quantifying energy consumption during the heating of refractory ceramic materials. The fuel consumption was 1.9% more for the case that considers the calculated q This can. bring more predictability in the preheating scheduling of melt shop ladles. Both in terms of fuel consumption and in terms of scheduling the heating curve
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): rodrigo seara martins (Usiminas), Leonardo José Silva de Oliveira (usiminas), Rodrigo Madrona Dias (usiminas), Roberto Parreiras Tavares (ufmg)
Abstract:
The present work evaluated the specific consumption of four different types of mold powders from two different suppliers used in the continuous casting of Usiminas. Analyzes were carried out and took into account the specific consumption and process parameters, looking for cause and effect relationships with events that may lead to deviations in the surface quality of the product. Through the tests of consumption measurements carried out it was possible to verify that at Usiminas the process variable that had a correlation with the specific consumption of mold powder was the slab width.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): PABLO ALTOE AMORIM (JAFENG), Nelson Fernando Santos Eltz (FAESA), Luiza Emília Vila Nova Mazzoni (Universidade federal do espírito santo), Ana Carolina Agrizzi Araujo (universidade federal do espírito santo), José Antônio Ramiro Avelar (universidade federal do espírito santo), José Amorim Filho (JAFENG), Temistocles de Sousa Luz (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
The crankshafts of locomotives have a lubrication channel that goes through its length. During maintenance, these are often heated, by means of a torch, that can form martensite and consequently, the nucleation of cracks, which can lead to catastrophic failure of the crankshafts. The recovery process of these cracks by traditional means becomes impracticable due to the size of the shaft, with a length up to four meters, thus, the viability of the double layer method performed in an automated process. Four differents heat inputs single layer welding were tested in SAE 4140 steel according to the reference [1] and their heat affected zones (HAZ) were determined by microhardness. The heat inputs were combined and chosen so that the soft zone of the second layer overlaps the hard zone of the first layer. After double layer welding on 4140 steel, the combination that presented the best result was tested on SAE 4130 steel, showing satisfactory results. Thus, the method is feasible and must be tested with the manual process.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Michelle Souza Oliveira (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), FERNANDA SANTOS DA LUZ (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
In order to protect against the impact of a projectile, ballistic protections must dissipate the kinetic energy of that projectile. Currently, there is a large amount of materials used in the manufacture of ballistic vests. However, there is still no internationally common protocol for replacing the vests in use, since it is not common to use tests during the period of use. It is important to study the behavior under different aging of composite materials of polymeric matrix reinforced with natural fibers, raised as possible substitutes for the synthetic fibers used. The epoxy composites reinforced with stoneware fabric were exposed at high temperature (170 ° C), at different times 72, 120 and 240 hours. The samples were submitted to ballistic tests (Class I). It was observed that temperature is an important factor that leads to changes in the properties of the composites, as well as the matrix.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): RAPHAEL HENRIQUE MORAIS REIS (IME )
Abstract:
Natural Lignocellulosic Fibers (FNLs) are raw materials generally associated with artisanal products. However, numerous studies have been using FNLs in engineering applications whose requirements involve specific properties and sustainability. Specifically, when used as reinforcement in composites, the main microconstituents (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and water content) present in FNL directly affect the properties and processing of the final product. Therefore, the present work quantified the amount of microconstituents in guarumã fibers. In addition, through the density of different layers of the plant stem, the analysis of pycnometry showed a possible difference between the amount of microconstituents from the innermost to the outer layers. Finally, the Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) presented the degradation profile for this fiber. Therefore, the results showed that guaruman fiber has an almost equivalent proportion of cellulose and hemicellulose with higher concentrations of cellulose and lignin inside the guaruman stem.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): liene andrea lacerda lerbach (arcelormittal tubarão), marcos pietralonga (ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO), marcelo pinheiro rodrigues (ARCELORMITTAL TUBARÃO)
Abstract:
This paper shows the structuring and performing of a specific forum where the importance of quality in ArcelorMittal products and services is addressed. In this way, employees awareness is reinforced in regarding to: the requirements and final application in the customers' products and the impact of our processes and activities on the customer's plant / product and on the quality of the final products (eg: steels for the automotive, energy and other applications). The results obtained are qualitative, bringing positive recognition from top management, company areas, customers, certification body and partners. This forum brings together everyone involved in the manufacture of the best steel in the world.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): Roney Eduardo Lino (CSN - VOLTA REDONDA - BR 393 -), Letícia barbosa silva (ime), Luiz Paulo Brandão (IME), Flávia tereza Tolomelli (CSN), Aramendi Iosu (CEIT), Jorge-Badiola Denis (CEIT), Iza-Mendia Amaia (CEIT), Isabel Gutierrez (CEIT)
Abstract:
Steel is currently the main solution in materials for the automotive industry, which among its advantages is high strength, toughness and good formability. Multiphase steels have emerged, which combine carefully selected chemical composition and optimized process conditions to meet product requirements. Laboratory annealing simulations have produced a series of microstructures for monitoring the different stages of phase transformation and to obtain information about recrystallization. Different technniques, including EBSD, have been used to resolve the fine and complex microstructures generated, and the results have been compared with the prediction obtained through the continuous annealing mCASim model developed by Ceit. The results of phase transformation to austenite predicted by the model showed good correlation with the experimentally measured values. For thermal cycles of up to 60 s at the soaking temperature, the model predicts a maximum recrystallization fraction of 25%. Face to the evaluated results, has shown great potential as a tool to support the development of new industrial products.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): sheila medeiros de carvalho (UFES), Matheus Rodrigues Furlani (UFES)
Abstract:
This study aimed to compare the hardness and coefficient of friction (COF) of laser-hardened AISI 4130 and AISI 1020 steels with those tempered in a muffle furnace. It was observed that laser hardening provides a maximum hardness of 350 HV and 310 HV for AISI 1020 and AISI 4130 steels, respectively, the difference being due to the liquid phase in the case of AISI 4130. Conventional hardening is more effective for the AISI 4130 (max. 480 HV) compared to AISI 1020 (max. 210 HV), due to the alloying elements of the former. In terms of COF, the laser-treated surface in both cases has a final value around 0.5, while the substrates (base material) are situated between 0.5 and 0.8 for AISI 1020 and AISI 4130 steel , respectively.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 9:50 AM - 6/9/22, 10:15 AM
Presenter(s): alexssander lopes sampaio (vallourec soluções tubulares do brasil)
Abstract:
IComminution consists of one of the main stages in a pelletizing plant and is also one of the most expensive. Therefore, this work aims at an in-depth study of the parameters that involve the grinding, adding theoretical knowledge acquired in existing literature and practical, considering the conditions and particularities of the ball mill under study. After the measurement and control corrections detected and executed, it was possible to create an application with which it is possible to determine and predict the parameters of control and quality of work of the mill, enabling the maximization of production, optimizing energy consumption and grinding body and without affecting the performance of the process in relation to quality
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): LUCIANA PEREIRA ALVES (UFRJ)
Abstract:
Hydrocyclones are commonly used in classification, concentration and even dewatering processes, one of its attractive features being its high capacity for processing fine particles. Although particle size is the main factor influencing separation, the density of mineral components present in the feed pulp also has an important influence on the process. The present work dealt with the investigation of the viability of the application of hydrocyclones in the removal of zinc contained in the blast furnace sludge in order to allow its recycling in the sintering unit. The sludge used was generated at Ternium's facilities, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Preliminary separation tests were carried out on a 63,5 mm diameter hydrocyclone installed in the LTM/COPPE, varying the percentage of feed solids, the apex and vortex finder diameters, as well as the inlet pressure. The results obtained as a function of the yield, the recovery of Fe2O3 and Zn and the rejection index of Zn. The results demonstrated the technical feasibility in obtaining a ferrous concentrate without underflow, indexed to Zn of up to 1/3 of those of the feed.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): João Pedro Martins Mau (Universidade federal de ouro preto - ufop), Paôlla de carvalho barbosa (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO - UFOP), Érica linhasres reis (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO - UFOP), anderson silveira lopes (granha ligas)
Abstract:
The mineralogical characterization can support parameters definitions, which enable the metallurgical behavior predictability, assisting on results stability and maintenance of production performance. In this paper, was developed mineralogical characterization research about a manganese ore from of mining located in São João Del Rey-MG iron-manganese district. For this, were realized mineralogical analysis by X-Ray Diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscope attached with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, supported by chemical analysis. The XRD analisys indicate the presence of minerals Spessartine, quartz, pyrolusite and todorokite, as majority minerals. The optical microscopy analysis jointly with the SEM-EDS analysis indicate the presence of Bixbyite and cryptomelane, besides confirm the presence of majority minerals founding in XDR analyze. The occurrence of mineral bixbyite may cause a low Mn/Fe relation, due to presence of Iron in its chemical structure. The existence of element potassium is relating to minerals cryptomelane and todorokite, high grade of this element may increase the Boudouard reactions, result in an energy and Carbon consumption enhance. The presence of pyrolusite favors exothermic reactions on the electric furnace. The high grade of spessartine may be adverse, due to existence of Al and Si elements in its structure, these elements increase the slag volume, as well interfere in the meltdown and flow slag.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Henry SHinji JOuti (POLI-USP)
Abstract:
Mineral washing consists of separating the coarse constituent, which is the mineral of interest, from the finest constituent, which is usually clay. This practice brings benefits such as increasing the quality of the ore and the yield of subsequent operations. In some cases the presence of clay makes it impossible to use the ore, so it is extremely important to eliminate it. In this work, the fines present elimination in the materials of construction sand, dolomite and high purity quartz was analyzed, performing the tests of washing by wet sieving, and disaggregation by scrubber and Hydro-Clean. The results obtained showed to be efficient in removing the fines, varying according to each material. For dolomite the three washing tests proved to be efficient. For sand the scrubber and Hydro-Clean tests were more efficient while for quartz it was only the Hydro-Clean. This equipment proved to be very efficient for the three materials, but caused the fragmentation of particles with 40% in the sand, 19.4% in dolomite and 35% in quartz.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): ELLEN CRISTINE GIESE (CETEM)
Abstract:
The laterite nickel deposits as the largest mineral reserves of metallic nickel. The bioleaching process of these oxides and silicate ores requires biological production of acids. In this work, a sample of Brazilian lateritic nickel ore was subjected to leaching tests in the presence of acetic, citric, phosphoric and lactic acetic. The tests were conducted in shaken flasks, and the decreasing order of Ni extraction (%) was citric acid = phosphoric > lactic > acetic. Extractions equivalent to 70% were noted in the presence of citric and phosphoric acids in 14 days of leaching. A design of experiments with mixtures of the simplex centroid type was used to evaluate the interaction of organic acids in leaching. In general, the tests seem promising to establish nickel extraction conditions with the use of biologically generated by microorganisms
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Guilherme Aparecido fERREIRA BORGES (uNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), matheus henrique simplício pereira (Universidade federal de ouro preto), RAFAEL LEONARDO SILVA RAMÍREZ (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Versiane albis leão (Universidade federal de ouro preto), Victor de andrade alvarenga oliveira (universidade federal de ouro preto)
Abstract:
Alkaline roasting of niobium oxide was done using potassium hydroxide. X-ray diffraction technique was used to characterize the reaction products and diffraction peaks characteristic for potassium niobates (KNbO3 and KNb3O8) were identified. The influence of temperature, Nb2O5:KOH ratio, and residence time of the roasting operation on the formation of soluble potassium salts was evaluated through leaching tests performed at temperature of 80°C for 1h as 10% of solid in the pulp. The best results were obtained for tests carried out at temperature of 300°C, for 45 minutes, and Nb2O5:KOH ratio of 1:1,5.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Lucas Aguiar Vita (Universidade federal de oURO PRETO)
Abstract:
In view of the importance of the crushing process in the mineral industry, it was studied from an experiment with quartz samples. Initially, two 3 kg samples were crushed in a jaw crusher, adjusted with a 1 '' opening. The fragmented portions were and the fraction retained was taken back to the crusher. This second crushing occurred with an opening of 0.5 ''. Again, the sieve was made in the same sieve. The third crushing cycle was carried out in a smooth roller crusher. After passing through the smooth rollers, the retained portion in the sieve was weighed. The obtained mass was then joined with one of the other samples from the previous stream. This process was repeated until 16 cycles were performed. In the 5th cycle, it was observed that the equilibrium condition was reached. In addition, the difference between the total retained mass and the passing mass could provide the circulating load of the system in each cycle, which can be used as a parameter to evaluate the process as a whole. On average, 46% of the circulating load was obtained in the cycles.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): WANDERCLEITON DA SILVA CARDOSO (GENOA UNIVERSITY), Renzo di Felice (Genoa university), Raphael Colombo Baptista (ARCELORMITTAL), Danielle Airão Barros (UFRGS), Thiago Augusto Pires Machado (IFES), André Gustavo de Souza Galdino (IFES)
Abstract:
O alto forno é um reator metalúrgico para produção de ferro gusa que funciona em condições de alta temperatura e pressão onde gases ascendentes reagem e transferem calor para sólidos e líquidos descendentes devido a ação de gases redutores gerados pela queima de combustíveis na zona inferior do reator resultando na produção de gusa e escória. A motivação deste artigo científico é devida ao sucesso da utilização de redes neurais artificiais para previsão é controle do processo produtivo em altos fornos. A modelagem matemática realizada em MATLAB R2020b utilizou 14 variáveis de entrada e 6 variáveis de saída, para desenvolver uma rede neural para prever a produção e o controle de qualidade do ferro gusa em um alto-forno utilizando uma camada de 100 neurônios. A validação do modelo matemático foi feita através de testes estatísticos no software MINITAB garantindo a confiança estatística necessária para validar o seu uso em escala industrial
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): WANDERCLEITON DA SILVA CARDOSO (GENOA UNIVERSITY), Renzo di Felice (Genoa university), Raphael Colombo Baptista (ARCELORMITTAL), Danielle Airão Barros (UFRGS), Thiago Augusto Pires Machado (IFES), André Gustavo de Souza Galdino (IFES)
Abstract:
O alto-forno é um reator metalúrgico que funciona em condições de alta temperatura e pressão que utiliza o princípio da contracorrente, onde gases ascendentes reagem e transferem calor para sólidos e líquidos descendentes. O objetivo de um alto-forno é produzir ferro-gusa por meio do processo de redução dos óxidos de ferro. Recentemente as redes neurais artificiais têm sido aplicadas com sucesso aos problemas de modelagem em alto forno. Durante o desenvolvimento do modelo, foram utilizados os dados operacionais de um alto-forno, compostos de 14 variáveis de entrada e 6 variáveis de saída. O modelo de redes neurais, neste trabalho, foi desenvolvido para prever a produção e o controle de qualidade de escória em um alto-forno utilizando uma camada de 100 neurônios. A correlação matemática média de 79,3% do controle da composição química da escória é excelente, uma vez que as médias e desvios-padrão são quase idênticos nos dois grupos, real e neural
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): beatriz fausta gandra (usiminas), Alexandre alves barbosa (usiminas), alexandre medeiros silva (usiminas)
Abstract:
The hot metal phosphorus content is constantly monitored by companies due to its impact on the steel manufacture. It is known that inside the blast furnace, a large part of this element is incorporated into the hot metal. At Usiminas Ipatinga Plant, two of its blast furnaces are similar in terms of design, but have had different operating conditions due to the repair carried out in one of them in 2018. In this context, a global analysis of the process was carried out to check for possible operational correlations that justified the difference in the hot metal phosphorus incorporation from these reactors. The results indicated that, in addition to productivity, the variables related to the thermal control of the process (coke consumption, pulverized coal injection, oxygen enrichment and blown air temperature) had greater weight in the data variability. There was identified greater phosphorus incorporation in the hot metal for the most efficient equipment.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Emerson Edilson BARROS DE SOUZA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARA), Francisco Marcondes (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARA), Jose Adilson De Castro (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE)
Abstract:
The present study used the Computational Fluid Dynamics using the commercial software ANSYS-FLUENT, to simulate the formation and combustion in the raceway cavity of blast furnace to coke. The study adapted a combustion model from the literature to simulate the reaction rates of coke and pulverized injectable coal. To simulate the formation of the raceway cavity, a multiphase approach was used, considering coke as a granular material. The combustion models (coke and coal) and the raceway formation were simulated separately for their validation, where, with the analysis of the results, a good agreement with those of the literature was achieved. Then, the three models were used in a simplified geometry of the coke bed taken from the literature, using blast furnace operational from the same study. The results of the blast furnace simulation showed that the partial combustion rate was the highest among the reactions, and that it was possible to identify differences in burnout due to reaction kinetics, where the oxygen consumed by coke combustion interfered in the burning of particles with diameter greater than 30 um.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Yuri pinheiro ferreira (ArcelorMITTAL LONGOS JUIZ DE fora), Guilherme de paula azevedo (arcelormittal longos juiz de fora), Fernando de freitas siqueira (arcelormittal longos juiz de fora), Rui Carlos Malta Magalhães (arcelormittal brasil)
Abstract:
Near the end of ArcelorMittal Juiz de Fora's 3rd Blast Furnace 02 campaign, maintenance and refractory relining actions were carried out in the reactor bosh, in order to mitigate the harmful effects of wear in the region and ensuring the safe extension of the campaign. The set of activities included the partial lowering of the burden level, thermal insulation of the material retained in the hearth, preparation of the region and robotic application of the refractory concrete. Aiming at operating excellence and predictability in terms of concrete behaviour, pilot scale tests were carried out, simulating the application parameters on a vertical surface. The lowering of the burden level and ramp-up plans were also fundamental elements for the success of the execution operation, extending the campaign by 3 months with a stable operation and without incidents related to degradation of the bosh region.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Flávio Beneduce (USP), Vitor hugo boari (usp)
Abstract:
Rare earth ores in Brazil have large amounts of iron so in the opening of the ore or concentrate is necessary a high reactant volume of sulfuric acid, which generates a large amount of tailings that must be disposal of, increasing the cost of processing. The previous iron removal is technologically important. In this research, the carbothermic reduction of a monazite concentrate for iron removal. The reduction with petroleum coke and charcoal was analyzed at various temperatures. The monazite (TRPO4) was not significantly altered in the reducing process conditions and the carbothermic reduction of the monazite concentrate follows the model of the unreacted core with kinetic control by mass transport in the product layer. The apparent activation energies with a 1X or 2X stoichiometric amount of reducer were 48.2 kcal.mol-1.K-1 and 66.6 kcal.mol-1.K-1 for petroleum coke and 47.7 kcal.mol-1.K-1 and 56.1 kcal.mol-1.K-1 for charcoal, respectively, compatible values of the control by the Boudouard reaction. Its increase with the amount of reducer must be caused by the occurrence of other reduction reactions such as Nb and P oxides.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): JOAO VICTOR SOUZA ALVES (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS), Douglas Filipe Galvão (cefet mg), Pedro Antunes Amaral (walmar jr), Maurício Covcevich Bagatini (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS)
Abstract:
Among the residues generated in ironmaking, mill scale is highlighted by its high content of iron. The present work aims to evaluate the properties of mill scale briquettes for use in charcoal mini blast furnaces. The results indicate that the briquettes have a density and porosity similar to lump ore. The briquettes manifested a cold strength within the standards used in steel mills and a low decrepitation index, which supports its use. The reduction test in reducing atmosphere showed that the briquette starts its mass loss on low temperatures (300-600°C) and its lowest compression strength is at 800°C. After 800°C, the mass loss is due to the reduction of iron oxides and its mechanical strength is partially recovered. The mill scale briquettes displayed to be an alternative to set up a sustainable ironmaking industry.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Petrônio Ribeiro Campos (anglo american)
Abstract:
The process of agglomeration of nickel laterite was investigated in order to mitigate the excessive generation of dust from the ore calcined in rotary kilns, as well as to identify operational impacts of electric furnace when fed with a more agglomerated charge. The agglomeration technology analyzed it was the briquetting, which appear to be very effective for nickel laterites, a material with a high amount of clays, which eliminates requirements for using of binders in their formation. Laboratory and industrial scale tests at the Anglo American Níquel unit in Niquelândia-GO, were carried out in order to identify the best configuration for the production of briquettes (mainly quality and mechanical resistance) as well as operational impacts (mainly specific power consumption and specific fuel consumption) in electric furnaces and rotary kilns respectively. Results indicated that the production of high-quality briquettes with a high mechanical resistance, guarantee a good survivability rate in the rotary kilns, reducing the kiln dust generation and consequently a more agglomerated charge in the electric furnaces feeding, improving operational stability and decreasing the specific power consumption, among other benefits.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Fabricio damasceno braga (Universidade federal do ceará), Elineudo pinho de moura (universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
Both the need to produce metallurgical sinter with better and more stable properties regardless of variations in the quality of the inputs used, such as iron ore and coke, as well as the need to ensure competitiveness in steel production in the face of a scenario of constant global economic crises, are motivating factors for the development of forecast models applied to the steel industry. The present work proposes the development of computational tools to estimate the final sinter properties from the physicochemical characteristics of the raw materials and the variables of the sintering process. The sinter properties investigated are Shatter Resistance Index (SI), Reducibility Index (RI), Reduction Degradation Index (RDI), and Mean Particle Size (MPS). Different algorithms were used to obtain the best prediction model for each of the studied responses and the best one was Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network with a Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm (MLP – LM). The determination coefficients of the best models found for SI, RI, RDI and MPS, respectively, were 74.10%, 26.60%, 43.88% and 60.30%.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): thomas caruso reis bley (departamento de engenharia de minas e de petroleo da universidade de SÃO paulo)
Abstract:
In recent years, the increase in graduates in Mining Engineering in Brazil has not been followed by that of applications for registration in CREAs with this title. It can be inferred that this is a result of the non-insertion of these new graduates in the mineral sector and the multidimensionality of professional activities in said sector, which do not always require this title or a formal contract. In order to assess the Mines Engineer job market, the present study focused on technical responsibility in mining companies - which by involving in many cases self-employed professionals cannot be measured with data from the Ministry of Labor. Mining technical responsibility data from 2010 to 2017, obtained by the Access to Information Law from the National Mining Agency, were evaluated. Year after year, the study showed that an average of 1,100 engineers worked as technical managers; with 30% accounting for more than 4 mining companies (the legal limit), concentrating 75% of technical responsibilities. Because of this, it was concluded that this labor market is stagnant.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Adriana Carla Vieira (Fundação Gorceix)
Abstract:
The present work aimed to study the of the addition of iron ore sludge in the pelletizing process, reducing the binder content (bentonite), the cost of producing the pellets and the volume of this environmental liability. The sludge was from the desliming step of the magnetic concentration, which together with other by-products not used in mining represent over 80% of the material destined to dams. The production of pellets was carried out from a mass balance, which part of bentonite and pellet feed were replaced by sludge.The influence of sludge addition (6%, 8% and 12%) on the physical, chemical and metallurgical properties of green pellets and fired pellets was analized. The results of each batch were compared with a standard batch (with no added sludge). It was necessary to create a new batch with correction for binary basicity. The increase in basicity influenced the reducibility of pellets, since with a basicity of 0.45 the reducibility fell from approximately 80% to 66.5%. The sample with 8% of sludge and 2.3% limestone was the one that presented the best results, meeting the market requirements.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Vítor Fraga de oliveira (universidade federal de ouro preto)
Abstract:
The injection of pulverized materials in the blast furnace is a technique already consolidated and applied in most blast furnaces around the world. An important indicator of the process performance is the replacement rate, which is nothing more than the amount of solid fuel that is carried over top by the amount of material that is injected through the tuyers. Due to the environmental demands signed in the last years by countries, with the goal of reducing carbon dioxide emission, biomass has been gaining strength as a potential substitute for coal as it is considered neutral in CO2 emissions. In this sense, this work aims to present an estimated calculation for the replacement rate of blast furnaces for some biomasses so that it is possible to make a critical analysis of the exchange of coal, at least partially, for biomasses
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): PEDRO AKIRA BAZAGLIA KURODA (Univ. federal de são carlos - UFSCAR), Barbara Letícia tomaz Pedroso (Univ. Estadual Paulista - UNESP), Conrado Ramos Moreira Afonso (UNIV. FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS - UFSCAR), Carlos roberto grandini (UNIV. ESTADUAL PAULISTA - UNESP)
Abstract:
This paper deals with the study of the development and structural characterization, microstructural, and selected mechanical properties of Ti-25Ta-50Zr alloy for biomedical applications. The alloy was melted in an arc-volt furnace, after melting the ingot was submitted to a mechanical hot-rolling process and annealing heat treatment. The alloy after hot-rolling has a BETA-type structure and after annealing, the alloy presented a small amount of αlpha and omega phases. After annealing, the αlpha phase appears due to the slow cooling of the material inducing the formation of the αlpha phase in Titanium alloys. Regarding the hardness, the alloys have high hardness values due to hardening by solid solution and the precipitation of phases. The modulus of elasticity of commercially pure titanium is three times larger than human cortical bone, whereas Ti-25Ta-50Zr has an excellent modulus of elasticity results, where the difference in modulus value, material/bone, falls to only twice in rolled condition, indicating that the material can be used in the biomedical area
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): SARA SILVA FERREIRA DE DAFE (PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE MINAS GERAIS)
Abstract:
Aviation has become one of the most widely used means of transportation today, and atmospheric discharges are foreseen since the first takeoff. A direct lightning can result in physical damage to the aircraft's surface, internal structure and metal interconnections, resulting in burning, melting, vaporizing and drilling. The damages caused to the metallic structure of the aircraft can affect the safety of flights and are characterized by small burnt regions, on the metallic and non-metallic surfaces that line the structures of the aircraft. The objective of this work was to evaluate the mechanical structure of the 7475-T761 aluminum sheet metal, verifying mechanical and microstructural changes in the sample after removal from the aircraft. Optical microscopy confirmed the existence of microcracks on the surface, and the existence of material accumulation in the vicinity of the damage. The EDS technique showed the chemical composition of the plate after lightning. The profilometry test verified the damage profile, the depressions of the area and the volume of material lost. The instrumented penetration test verified changes in hardness along the extent of the damage, which may be associated with microstructural changes such as the formation of precipitates.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Silvana carreiro de oliveira (universidade federal fluminense), gláucio soares da fonseca (universidade federal fluminense), jéssica gadelha chaves (universidade federal fluminense), fabiane roberta freitas da silva (universidade federal fluminense), pedro pena leite (universidade federal fluminense), luiz carlos rolim lopes (universidade federal fluminense)
Abstract:
Austenitic stainless steels with transformation induced plasticity (TRIP) show a significant increase in strength and toughness with the transformation of austenite to martensite. Studies relating to martensitic transformation with plastic deformation are quite common. Many studies involve monotonic loading relating to the martensite formed. In practice, 304L steels are subject to distinct types of loading and possibly with stress concentrators. In this work, 304L steel samples with stress concentrators underwent interrupted monotonic tensile tests and low cycle fatigue test. Optical microscopy (OM) and eléctron backscatter diffraction technique (EBSD) characterized the martensitic transformation. The samples after the interrupted monotonic tests show a high martensite volume fraction formed 1mm away from the notch (30% to 50%), due to the plastic deformation suffered. From 5.5mm of the notch, the samples again display a microstructure like that of the as-received (AR) sample. For the low cycle fatigue tested sample, the high concentration of deformation-induced martensite was within 15μm of the discontinuity. Approximately 0.5mm from the circular discontinuity, the sample again has a microstructure like the initial sample.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Thiago Tôrres MATTA NEVES (FUNDACAO COPPETEC)
Abstract:
Modified HP austenitic steels are used in the production of steam reform tubes due to their resistance, especially to creep at high temperatures. During operation, these tubes are affected by the aging according to the temperature to which they are exposed. These changes are classified as states of microstructural evolution. In order to magnetically characterize the materail, in this study it was utilized the Kerr magneto-optic microscopy technique in a qualitative way, through images and quantitatively, through the study of hysteresis curves. These results are important to the development of methodologies of non-destructive testing using eddy currents. In this work, two samples of HP-NbTi steel classified as a state I and V of microstructural evolution were analyzed, taken from a tube that was in operation for 90,000h. The samples were analyzed using SEM and EDS to identify the phases present in each condition. Once determined, it was possible to identify the magnetic response on the outer wall of the tube, indicating the presence of a ferromagnetic behavior both in the sample classified as the state I of microstructural evolution, and in the sample of state V.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): DANIELA BAHIENSE DE Oliveira Vargas (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (UFES)), ANA PAULA FAVERO FIORIN (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (UFES)), ANTÔNIO CÉSAR BOZZI (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (UFES))
Abstract:
THE PURPOSE OF THIS WORK IS TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF SOLUTION AND AGING THERMAL TREATMENTS ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE STELLITE 250 ALLOY. THE MAIN INTEREST IN CARRYING OUT THE PROPOSED THERMAL TREATMENTS IS TO GENERATE OBSERVATIONS IN RELATION TO THE VARIATION OF PHASES FORMED, WITH MIXED STRUCTURES (HC AND CFC) AND PREDOMINANTLY CFC. THREE DIFFERENT TREATMENT CONDITIONS WERE STUDIED AND THE RESULTS COMPARED: (1) AS-CAST; (2) SOLUTION TREATED (1200°C/1.5H) AND (3) AGED (1200°C/1.5H + 850°C/4.5H). THE CHARACTERIZATION TECHNIQUES USED WERE: X-RAY DIFFRACTION, OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AND MICROHARDNESS. THE AS-CAST ALLOY SHOWED A DENDRITIC STRUCTURE AND PRECIPITATES IN THE INTERDENDRITIC ZONES, IN ADDITION TO A MIXED CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE (CFC AND HC). THE SOLUTION TREATMENT ALLOWED THE PARTIAL REDUCTION OF PRECIPITATES. AFTER AGING, THE ALLOY SHOWED A MIXED CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE (CFC AND HC), PRIMARY RECRYSTALLIZATION AND GRAIN NUCLEATION. THE EVOLUTION OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE ACCORDING TO THE HEAT TREATMENTS CONTRIBUTES TO CHANGE THE HARDNESS VALUES, THE HIGHEST VALUE BEING OBSERVED BY THE AGED ALLOY.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): JORGE LUIZ MEYRELLES JR (PUC-Rio)
Abstract:
VAT46® alloy has high temperature corrosion resistance and can develop considerable mechanical resistance yields at high temperatures. The alloy has chemical components and levels capable of precipitating phases observed in super alloys and intermediate nickel alloys. Besides the γ' and γ" phases, by precipitating the δ" phase, the density of γ" decreases significantly changing the characteristics of the alloy. It is a necessity to identify the precipitation behavior and development of the δ phase, because it can have two types of morphology, echiaxial or spherical, causing distinct consequences to the mechanical property. It is a necessity to identify the precipitation behavior and development of the δ phase, because it can have two types of morphology, echiaxial or spherical, causing distinct consequences to the mechanical property. The VAT46® alloy was recently developed and therefore there are few data about the development of the phase δ, from precipitation to the consequences of its presence. Therefore, studies on the precipitation of phase δ and the possibility of transforming the morphology of echiaxial into spherical are relevant. The results offer new information about the microstructure that will help future work.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Pablo Hernandes Medeiros SouZA (uNISINOS), jORGE lUIS bRAZ mEDEIROS (uNIVERSIDADE fEDERAL DO rIO grANDE - furg), lUCIANO vOLCANOGLO bIEHL (uNIVERSIDADE fEDERAL DO rIO gRANDE - furg), jOSÉ DE SOUZA (Escola Técnica Liberalto Salzano Vieira da Cunha), Carlos Alberto Mendes Moraes (Universidade do Vale do Sinos )
Abstract:
The quenching and partitioning heat treatment has been studied as an alternative to obtain antagonistic properties, such as high mechanical strength and good toughness in steels. One of the aspects of great relevance for obtaining the mechanical properties indicated is associated with the presence of high silicon content in the chemical composition of some classes of steels and cast irons. The silicon inhibits the formation of carbides contributing to the subsequent partition of carbon from Martensite to Austenite, stabilizing the latter, after isothermal treatment. In this study the effect of partitioning time on the microstructure and microhardness of SAE 9254 steels was verified. The results showed that after austenitizing and cooling, between the beginning and end of the martensitic transformation, martensite and retained austenite were obtained. Later, with the partitioning, the austenite showed stability. In conclusion, quenching with isothermal cooling at a temperature of 220 ˚C and partitioning at a temperature of 360 ˚C represents an effective route to obtain stabilized two-phase microstructure.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Virgínia Cruz Rangel Albuquerque e Lima (Autônomo)
Abstract:
In this work, the crystallographic texture of a pure iron was analyzed after isothermal annealing at 550ºC for different times using the EBSD technique. The samples, before annealing, were cold rolled, achieving a reduction in cross-sectional area of up to 80%. It was determined from the experimental point of view which would be the best theory (oriented growth or oriented nucleation) to explain the recrystallization texture by calculating the parameters α and β. By the figures of distribution of crystallographic orientations for φ2=45º, the deformed material presented greater intensity in the crystallographic orientations (1 ̅11) [1 ̅1 ̅0], (3 ̅32) [1 ̅1 ̅0], (2 ̅23) [1 ̅1 ̅0], (1 ̅12) [1 ̅1 ̅0], located on the α fiber. After 30 minutes of annealing, it was observed that the most intense guidelines are located on the γ fiber. Analysis of the Taylor factor distribution showed that grain growth during annealing is controlled by the energy stored during deformation. Through the parameters α and β, it was suggested that the final texture of recrystallization was formed by oriented nucleation, but the effects of oriented growth cannot be disregarded.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Raí Felipe Pereira Junio (IME)
Abstract:
The growing increase in violence seen in recent decades worries authorities involved in public security. This fact drives the development of studies aimed at the production of new materials intended for ballistic applications, highlighting the application of natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) in polymeric matrix. In this context, highlight the implementation of the carnauba leaf fibers (Copernicia prunifera) as reinforcement in polymeric composites intended for ballistic protection. For this purpose, composites were produced in fractions of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% in volume fraction, which were tested by tensile tests and preliminary ballistic behavior. The composites shown mechanical properties superior to neat epoxy resin, with tensile strength between 38 to 41 MPa, elasticity modulus in the range of 2.3 and 2.6 GPa and total deformation of 1.5%. The composites plates shown a significant reduction in the energy of absorption, where the composite of 40% of fibers presented 43.4% decrease in property.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Raí Felipe Pereira Junio (IME)
Abstract:
Natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) have a high complexity in their constitution, being composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Thus, it is of great scientific importance to collect information about the properties of these materials, thus, the present study aims to evaluate the thermochemical properties and morphological aspect of the carnauba fibers (Copernicia prunifera). Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used. FTIR analysis returned characteristic absorption bands for the constituents of the NLFs. The TG analysis showed a loss of moisture at 64.4 °C, the fibers show degradation at 207 °C. The exothermic (287 and 359 ° C) and endothermic peaks (108 ° C) observed in DSC are consistent with the degradation range of the FNLs constituents. The micrographs obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), presented an approximately elliptical cross-section, making it possible to identify the channels responsible for conducting nutrients throughout the tree. The carnauba fibers showed characteristics similar to other NLFs, highlighting in particular the working temperature and geometry of the cross section, such characteristics favor its applicability in polymeric matrix composites.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): RAPHAEL HENRIQUE MORAIS REIS (IME)
Abstract:
Multilayer Armour Systems (MAS) are composed of ceramic tabs on the front layer, composites on the middle layer and synthetic fabrics like aramid in its final layer. The materials used in the intermediate layer must have specific properties favorable to their use in shielding, both in dynamic and semi-static behavior. Therefore, composites reinforced with natural lignocellulosic fibers (FNL), increasingly, prove to have advantageous properties in such body protection applications. Recently, the guarumã Amazon fiber was found to be one of the FNLs with the lowest density. Therefore, the present work was dedicated to evaluate the mechanical properties of the epoxy-guarumã composite through the Izod tensile and impact tests on the volumetric fractions of 10, 20 and 30% of fiber. The results proved statistically that the volumetric fraction of fiber is directly related to its properties, with composites reinforced with 30% the most suitable applications in MAS.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): RAPHAEL HENRIQUE MORAIS REIS (IME )
Abstract:
According to the evolution of the war industry, new ballistic shielding technologies were being developed, including the Multilayer Armor System (MAS). In this work, MASs formed by ceramic tablets (Al2O3 + 4% Nb2O5) in the front layer, epoxy composites reinforced with guaruman fibers (Ischnoshiphon Koern) in the second layer and aramid fabric (kevlar ©) composing the last layer were studied. Amazonian guaruman fibers were analyzed for ballistic behavior of their composites as a second layer in MAS. The results showed that composites reinforced with guaruman meet the requirements of the NIJ-0101.05 (2000) standard with an average trauma of 27.51 mm, less than the required 44 mm. In addition to this requirement, it was identified that composites reinforced on more than one steering axis have better results in terms of their physical integrity after the ballistic test
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): SARA SILVA FERREIRA DE DAFE (PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE MINAS GERAIS)
Abstract:
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is one of the most used thermoplastics worldwide, mainly in the manufacture of textile fibers and packaging produced by injection-blowing. Various solutions and products have been developed in order to encourage recycling and reuse of this material. One of these products is PET wool, manufactured from the recycling of PET bottles, and used in the construction industry for acoustic and thermal insulation. However, this material has high flammability when compared to glass wool or mineral wool, for example. This study aims to investigate the influence, on the mechanical and thermal behavior, of the addition of some flame retardants, incorporated during the PET processing. For this purpose, tensile tests, Shore D hardness test, thermogravimetry (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and fractography were performed. The results obtained showed a great fragility of the material due to the presence of flame retardants. Thus, it is suggested the incorporation of flame retardants in PET wool by spraying, which is not as effective as incorporation in the extrusion, but the material does not become brittle.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): SARA SILVA FERREIRA DE DAFE (PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE MINAS GERAIS)
Abstract:
This work aims to evaluate the influence of factors such as particle size and its content in the impact strength of polypropylene (PP) composites reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC). Homopolymer polypropylene, a coupling agent and also SiC particles, in different particle sizes and proportions were extruded to composites manufacturing. Maleic anhydride–grafted polypropylene (MAgPP) was used as compatibilizer. After the extrusion process, the extruded wires were cut and ground to be molded into impact test specimens by means of injection. Then, the injected impact specimens were tested according to the ASTM D256 standard and their results were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey test to evaluate which of the factors effectively influenced the impact strength of composites and which variations of the composites highlighted. Finally, the results obtained in the impact tests were compared with the degree of crystallinity data calculated using the DSC analysis results and showed that the reduction in the degree of crystallinity caused an increase in the impact strength
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): SARA SILVA FERREIRA DE DAFE (PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE MINAS GERAIS)
Abstract:
The search for weight and cost reduction led the automotive industry to use polymers, providing weight and cost reduction, influencing energy efficiency. The increasing mechanical requirements led to the search for new materials, with composite plastic materials being a widely used alternative. The aim of this research is to study the thermal and mechanical behavior of a polypropylene composite with silicon carbide, in 600 mesh size particles, in concentrations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15% by weight. The material went through a grinding and extrusion process to ensure homogenization of the composite, followed by injection into traction and impact specimens. The extruded material was subjected to TGA, DTA and Shore D hardness tests. The maximum results for the mechanical tests were obtained by the composite with 12% SiC, showing an 8% improvement in the impact test, 18.7% at the limit tensile strength and 18.8% in the hardness test compared to pure polypropylene. There was an increase in the melting temperature of 19ºC for the 3% concentration, although the increase in the concentration of SiC did not cause a subsequent increase.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): SARA SILVA FERREIRA DE DAFE (PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE MINAS GERAIS)
Abstract:
The search for new materials is increasingly becoming the focus of the industrial sector. Lighter materials with better mechanical properties to replace those currently used, aiming at weight reduction, and thus better energy efficiency. Composite materials are promising in this field of research. The use of a polymer matrix with the addition of another material, allows for the manufacturing of lighter parts, with good properties, and with complex geometries. Polypropylene has good mechanical properties and allows for easy processing. Silicon carbide has high hardness and good thermal stability, thus being a promising material to be added to the matrix. In the study, two SiC particle sizes and four different weight percentages were used, along with a sample of pure PP for reference. After processing the samples, thermal analysis, tensile tests and hardness measurements were performed, and then it was observed that the initial decomposition temperature of the composite was higher by an average of 20ºC, and that the yield strength increased by an average of 2.5 MPa and hardness was increased by an average of 10 shore D.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): THUANE TEIXEIRA DA SILVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILItar de ENGENHARIA), Matheus Pereira Ribeiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Pedro Henrique Poubel Mendonça da Silveira (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
The use of natural fibers as a reinforcement method in polymer matrix composites has gained attention, as it is a recyclable and low-cost material, combining these characteristics with good properties, similar to synthetic fibers. However, this class of materials presents heterogeneity in its structure, being able to generate changes in its properties by a series of factors, which can be the crystallinity and the microfibrillary angle (MFA) of the fiber. The objective of this work was to characterize kenaf fibers through the analysis of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and to calculate the crystallinity and MFA of the kenaf fiber (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) using the X-ray diffraction technique and compare with the available literature. The fiber presented a crystallinity value of 35.1% and MFA of 6.8°, results compatible with the adopted literature.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): THUANE TEIXEIRA DA SILVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Pedro Henrique Poubel Mendonça da Silveira (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Matheus Pereira Ribeiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Over the years, several methods have been developed to calculate the density of different materials. For natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) there is still no specific method for determining density accurately. Five methods were found in the literature to calculate the density of fibers and high modulus plastics, namely: Archimedes, gas pycnometry, liquid pycnometry, diameter and linear density and gradient column. There is also, how to calculate the density of fibers using the mixtures rule using its composite. The kenaf sample was tested by the methods of: (1) Archimedes, (2) gas pycnometry, (3) linear density and, (4) mixing rule. The Archimedes method is considered to be the simplest and least costly to perform, but gas pycnometry presents itself as a more stable method with the least variation in results being more reliable.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): uLISSES OLIVEIRA COSTA (IME), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (IME), Julianna magalhães garcia (IME), wagner anacleto pinheiro (ime), Fernanda santos da luz (ime), Sergio Neves Monteiro (IME), Wendell bruno almeida bezerra (ime)
Abstract:
The disadvantages of natural lignocellulosic fibers (NLFs) for applications in composites of polymeric matrices led to the need to study new treatments to optimize the compatibility between these materials through surface treatments. Recent studies show that the functionalization of both synthetic and natural fibers with graphene oxide (GO), has become an efficient solution against this disadvantage, due to the amphiphilic character of GO. Both the hydrophilic phase (NLFs) and the hydrophobic phase (polymer) use this feature to form a more resistant interface. As a result, the final composite tends to have optimized properties. The present work aimed to study the Izod impact energy absorption capacity of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with curaua fibers treated with GO. The analysis was carried out within three groups, varying the volumetric fraction of fibers between 20, 30 and 40% vol in two conditions: composites with curauá fibers (control group) and composites with curauá fibers functionalized with 0.1% GO. The percentage of fibers was predominant for increasing the energy absorption capacity while the functionalization with GO was effective in reducing the dispersion of results, homogenizing the properties of the composite
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): uLISSES OLIVEIRA COSTA (ime), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (ime), Julianna magalhães garcia (ime), wagner anacleto pinheiro (ime), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
Curauá fiber (Ananas erectifolius) is a promising candidate to replace synthetic fibers such as glass and aramid fibers. The addition of graphene oxide (GO) to its surfaces proved to be an excellent solution to optimize properties through better compatibility between the fiber (hydrophilic) and the polymeric matrix (hydrophobic). The present work deals with the characterization of epoxy resins and curauá fibers, both functionalized with GO, applied in the production of composites, through the techniques of FTIR, RAMAN, SEM and EDS. The results obtained are promising, since it was possible to analyze how functionalization occurred and the influence on the functional groups of both phases, fiber and epoxy.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): uLISSES OLIVEIRA COSTA (ime), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (ime), Julianna magalhães garcia (ime), wagner anacleto pinheiro (ime), fernanda santos da luz (ime), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), wendell bruno almeida bezerra (ime)
Abstract:
Natural fibers have great potential as engineering materials, especially for ballistic applications. A Curaua fiber (Ananas erectifolius) is a promising candidate to replace synthetic fibers, such as glass and aramid fibers. The addition of graphene oxide (GO) to its shown surface is an excellent solution for optimizing characteristics by means of the best compatibility between a hydrophilic fiber and its hydrophobic polymeric matrix.The functionalization of curaua fibers optimized the composite's integrity characteristic after firing, and is therefore of paramount importance for ballistic applications.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): uLISSES OLIVEIRA COSTA (ime), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (ime), Julianna magalhães garcia (ime), wagner anacleto pinheiro (ime), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Lucas de Mendonça Neuba (ime), Artur Camposo Pereira (ime)
Abstract:
The curauá fiber (Ananas erectifolius) as well as several other natural fibers, has excellent properties, increasing the field of materials suitable for engineering applications as well as synthetic fibers. In the present work the use of graphene (G) and its derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO) has proved to be a promising solution to optimize properties through better compatibility between the fiber (hydrophilic) and the polymeric matrix (hydrophobic). Due to the amphiphilic characteristic of the GO, the functionalization of these fibers causes their thermal degradation to be delayed, thus allowing them to have more possibilities for new engineering applications.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Heitor Braga Ferreira (redentor), Rômulo Simiquel Lobato (redentor), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Thais Pirovane Miguel (uenf)
Abstract:
The present work deals with the presentation and comparison of two methods of dimensioning the thickness of a composite material glove for repairing a pipe, from the off-shore industry, which presents external corrosion and significant loss of thickness. The first sizing method is guided according to ISO / PDTS 24817 (Repairs of composites for pipelines in the oil, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Qualification, design, installation, testing and inspection) which basically summarizes in the calculation of the repair thickness and the axial length of the repair respectively. The other sizing method is the thin wall theory that determines the thickness of the repair taking into account the allowable stress and the contact pressure between the pipe and the composite. The results show a considerable difference in the values obtained by the two methods, with the thin wall theory having obtained a dimensioning result of the repair thickness 136.33% greater than the value obtained by the dimensioning carried out by ISO, which can be considered insufficient for the defect corrected, which would lead to a possible leak that could cause damage.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Victor Barbosa de Souza (uenf), Anderson Padilha Pontes (redentor), Juvenil Nunes Oliveira Junior (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (redentor), Niander Aguiar Cerqueira (redentor), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime), Euzébio Bernabe Zanelato (uenf)
Abstract:
The cardboard tube is a versatile material and can be used in several ways, mainly in varied construction systems that, many times, generate bold architectural works in addition to cheap. In order to make the use of cardboard tubes feasible in engineering projects, it was necessary to further study this material. Following Brazilian standards, moisture absorption tests were carried out on unprotected and protected samples by means of waterproofing agents. Cardboard tubes with a thickness of 4 mm were used in the tests, which were collected in printers in the city of Itaperuna - RJ. The absorption results for unprotected samples vary from 140.04% to 153.31%. For waterproofed samples, values between 81.05% and 96.51% were found. The results showed a significant difference for absorption between the two samples analyzed. It is concluded that it is important to apply waterproofing agents before making projects using cardboard tubes, in addition to studies of waterproofing products that can be used, since this article focuses its analysis on only one product
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): vitor da silva de souza (universidade estadual do norte fluminense darcy ribeiro)
Abstract:
São Benedito natural granite is currently marketed due to its aesthetic profile and its black color, used to highlight elements. This increase in sales, on the other hand, ends up generating high numbers of waste. The objective of the project is to propose a viable purpose to the residue for the development of artificial stone for commercialization and application in civil construction. The methodology used was the “Vibration, compression and vacuum” process that is currently used by the artificial stone industry. In this process, the residue was mixed in an epoxy matrix and subsequently submitted to a temperature of 90ºC under 10ton pressure in order to promote polymerization. The developed artificial stone was subjected to physical and mechanical index tests following the standards. The results obtained for the RASB 20% for the density was 2.21g/cm³, porosity of 0.23 ± 0.06% and absorption 0.1 ±0.02%, higher than RASB 30%. The values show compatibility with the artificial granites commercialized. According to the classification proposed by Chiodi and Rodriguez, the stone produced is considered a high-strength material when subjected to bending stress. It was concluded that the values presented obtained an improvement in the physical-mechanical properties, making them more consistent than the natural ones.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): VIVIANE TAVARES de Moraes (IMT), Gustavo Kouji Saito (Instituto Maua de tecnologia), Lucas Washimi Thinem (Instituto maua de tecnologia), Pedro de Melo P. Neto (instituto maua de tecnologia), Susana Marracini Giampietri Lebrão (instituto maua de tecnologia), Edith Marie Malateux de Souza (Faculdade de são bernardo do campo), guilherme wolf lebrão (instituto maua de tecnologia)
Abstract:
Annually over 25 million vehicles replace mechanical coupling devices with structural adhesive devices. The advantages of using these adhesives are associated with lightness, safety, the non-modification of microstructures of the areas thermally affected by welds, distribution of stresses without substrate, appearance of sagging and better performance when exposed to collisions, due to the absorption of impact energy. The studies related to adhesives are directed to the resistance to the rupture of adhesives in metallic substrates used in the automotive industry. The objective of the work was to evaluate the rupture stress of a structural hybrid adhesive based on epoxy used on a zinc-plated carbon steel substrate, subjected to conditions of temperature and humidity variation. For this purpose, a specimen of the steel plate, adhesive was prepared, submitted to curing and then exposed to heating at 80 ° C; cooling to -40 ° C and the humid chamber. The tensile strength determined the rupture stress of the specimens after each condition test. The results show the best performance of the adhesive in any tested condition above the reference values. It follows that the hybrid structural adhesive can be used safely as a way to replace mechanical devices
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): WENDELL BRUNO ALMEIDA BEZERRA (Instituto MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - ime), Ulisses Oliveira Costa (IME), Michelle Souza Oliveira (IME), Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes (IME), Fernanda santos da luz (IME), fabio da costa garcia filho (ime), sergio neves monteiro (IME)
Abstract:
Nowadays, society demands more and more for materials that present solutions to sustainability and environmental preservation issues. In this perspective, natural materials appear as potential candidates for the development of sustainable composites. This work aimed to analyze the thermal stability of epoxy resin composites reinforced with pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) scales. The composites were prepared using 30% v/v of Arapaima scales. The composites were analyzed through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential calorimetry scanning (DSC). The DMA and TGA results demonstrated an improvement in the thermal properties of the composites in relation to the plain resin, while the DSC results demonstrated that the use of Arapaima scales as reinforcement did not impair the thermal stability of the resin.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): WENDELL BRUNO ALMEIDA BEZERRA (Instituto MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - IME), Ulisses oliveira costa (IME), Michelle Souza oliveira (IME), luana cristyne da cruz demosthenes (IME), Fernanda santos da luz (IME), fabio da costa garcia filho (ime), Sergio neves monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
The repurposing of natural materials for applications with greater technological demand is an economically attractive approach to the development of new sustainable materials. Thus, the use of natural materials as reinforcement in composites arises with great potential. This work proposed to analyze static and dynamic mechanical properties of Arapaima scales reinforced epoxy composites. The composites were prepared using 20, 30 and 40vol% Arapaima scales and were analyzed using Izod impact tests, compression tests and ballistic analysis of impact energy absorption by residual velocity. The results of Izod impact tests demonstrated a significant increase in the absorbed energy for the 40vol%composites e, while the 20% did not a considerable change. Compression tests of the 30vol% composites demonstrated a significant increase in the Young modulus and compressive strength, as compared to the plain epoxy. A similar result was seen in residual velocity tests, where an increase in the absorbed impact energy was observed with the incorporation of the 30vol% of arapaima scales in epoxy resin.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): WILLAM RAYPLHAM PEREIRA COELHO (universidade federal do pará), Ingrid Moreira reis (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), Gabrilly Monteiro Melo (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), Karla Suellen Lino Barbosa (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), Iara Ferreira Santos (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), José Antônio da Silva Souza (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), Deibson Silva da Costa (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ)
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Andressa Teixeira Souza (IME - INSTITUTO MILItar de engenharia), Raí Felipe Pereira Junio2 (ime), Lucas de Mendonça Neuba (IME), Michelle Souza Oliveira (ime), Sérgio Neves Monteiro (ime), Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento (ime)
Abstract:
Research on composites reinforced with natural fibers is increasing, since it is possible to identify a series of benefits in natural lignocellulosic fibers (FNLs) such as: low abrasiveness, low price, low density and high resistant especific strength. These properties combined with their biodegradability raise interest in the production of composites reinforced with natural fibers (CFNLs). Therefore, in this work, the tensile properties of composites reinforced with Caranan fiber were investigated, according to the technical standard ASTM D3039. For the first time in the literature, results were obtained on the strength limit (MPa), elastic modulus (GPa) and average deformation (%) of this fiber added to a polymeric resin. The study concluded that the fibers with 20% and 30% v / v are applied as reinforcement, while 10% v / v work as a filler.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Andressa Teixeira Souza (IME )
Abstract:
The thermal analysis of a composite is an extremely important characterization since it reveals information about changes that heating can cause in the mass of substances. This study presents results on the thermal behavior of a composite reinforced with natural lignocellulosic fiber (CNFL). For the research the equipment used was a TGA (Shimadzu model DTG-60H). The analyzes concluded that the maximum working temperature is approximately 200ºC due to the decomposition of the components of the natural lignocellulosic fiber (NFL), temperatures close to 50° C there is a dehydration reaction (loss of moisture) and a greater loss of mass (Tonset) increases with volume.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): DIEMISON LIRA SANTA ROSA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), Alcy Favacho Ribeiro (univERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), Verônica Scarpini Cândido (uNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ), Marcos Vinicius da Silva Paula (uNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARÁ)
Abstract:
This investigation reports the obtainment of nanoemulsions formed from the essential oil of the buds of the clove (OEC) (Syzygium aromaticum). The nanoemulsions were obtained by the spontaneous emulsification method, using Tween 80 and corn oil (OM) as surfactant and Ostwald ripening inhibitor, respectively. For the obtained nanoemulsions, experimental parameters were evaluated, such as: visual appearance, pH, turbidity, and rheological behavior. The nanoemulsions obtained presented a low turbidity value, having high transparency, indicating the formation of emulsions in a manometric scale. Based on our results, the promising character for the use of nanoemulsions obtained from the essential oil in biomedical applications and in food packaging is revealed
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): FLAVIO JAMES HUMBERTO TOMMASINI VIEIRA RAMOS (Instituto de macromoléculas professora eloisa mano / urfj)
Abstract:
The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, UHMWPE, is considered an engineering polymer due to its excellent mechanical performance, highlighting its high toughness, added to its low density, which makes it a versatile material whose interest in the industry is growing. Due to some of these properties, UHMWPE is used to replace classic materials, such as metals, especially if reinforced with fiber. On the other hand, among the residues generated by the production of industrial iron, the highlight of the slag is steel. This waste requires proper disposal and treatment, as improper disposal can cause socio-environmental impacts, damage to the image and fines to the company. During the research, it was aimed to develop a material based on UHMWPE that is processable by conventional extrusion through the addition of lubricant during extrusion, addition of fillers based on slag and converter steelmaking slag geopolymer in order to promote an improvement of mechanical properties of the material for ballistic application, with mass proportions of 5, 10, 20% w/w. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetry (TGA), X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that UHMWPE with geopolymer has greater thermal stability and superior mechanical properties..
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Gabriela Medeiros Sant’Ana (uenf), Gabriel Sobreira Figueira (redentor), Thiago José Estevanin de Moura (redentor), Cristiano Pena Miller (redentor), Victor Barbosa de Souza (redentor), Amanda Camerini Lima (uenf), Markssuel Teixeira Marvila (uenf), Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo (uenf), Euzébio Bernabé Zanelato (uenf), Sergio Neves Monteiro (ime)
Abstract:
The issue of sustainability is one of the main challenges of construction today, leading professionals from different areas of knowledge to seek solutions to minimize the impact of buildings on the environment. When analyzing the energetic life cycle of a building, it can be seen that the negative impacts of conventional real estate paints exist from the manufacturing process in the industry to its final destination. In addition to the release of VOCs, conventional paints are composed of substances of chemical origin that harm the environment and human health. In view of the above, this research aims to conduct a comparative study between a conventional paint and a sustainable paint based on glue and water. It will be analyzed the feasibility of using this sustainable paint in a social program of a city of the forest area. A comparison of characteristics between these two types of paint will be performed by means of area and proportion yield tests, cover coat tests in primary coated areas, visual and immersion comparisons. An analysis of the acceptance regarding the use of this sustainable paint with the members of a social program carried out. The results of the comparative tests demonstrate the potential that the paint based on glue and water has on being used in construction
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 10:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:05 AM
Presenter(s): Márcia maria salgado lopes (Universidade federal de Viçosa), Deise Mara Garcia Alves Tressmann (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), Leonardo Gonçalves Pedroti (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), José Carlos Lopes Ribeiro (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), José Maria Franco de Carvalho (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA), Gustavo de Castro Xavier (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Beatryz Cardoso Mendes (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE VIÇOSA)
Abstract:
Among the industrial sectors that generate a large amount of solid waste in Brazil and in the world, the ornamental stone processing industry stands out, especially granite and marble. Thus, the present work aims to study a new alternative for the use of these wastes, developing and evaluating the performance of paints based on granite and marble wastes. The experimental program consisted of the preparation and characterization of the wastes, the production of the paints and their evaluation as to the hiding power of the dry paint and wet abrasion resistance without abrasive paste. For the production of the paints, an experimental design of a mixture of two components (resin and pigment) was used. The amount of water, on the other hand, varied in order to maintain the paint viscosity within a fixed range. The results indicated that the wastes have the potential to be used in the production of paints, mainly the marble waste. The formulations studied that showed the best performance have in their composition between 60 and 70% of marble waste and between 30 and 40% of resin, by mass.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): André Bringhenti Corrêa Rosa (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), claudia giacomin bof (Ecolab)
Abstract:
The hoods of the converters are responsible for capturing and making the primary cooling of the gas coming from the steel production process. Due to the high temperatures and high rates of heat transfer involved in this process, the equipment needs to have adequate cooling to avoid overheating and/or corrosion that lead to failures and the need for stoppages in the production process. The present work aims to present the methodology and results obtained after chemical cleaning and modification in the treatment of cooling water of ArcelorMittal Tubarão converter hoods. The previous treatment used an oxygen scavenger and was replaced by a nitrite-based program. The results showed that chemical cleaning was able to remove the oxide layer that was deposited on the pipes, without compromising its integrity. The use of nitrite favored the formation of a passivating layer, in addition to reducing corrosion rates by more than 75% and the iron concentration in the system by 40%. With the new chemical program, the ideal condition of the refrigeration process was reestablished, reducing failures, and increasing system reliability.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): CRISTOVAO NERY GIACOMIN (USINAS SIDERURGICAS DE MINAS GERAIS SA), Priscila Batista Dias Souza (Usiminas), RODRIGUES TEIXEIRA DA CRUZ (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
The roughing mill is an initial stage to forming in a Hot Strip Mill (HSM), responsible for the dimensional adjustment, finishing train input temperature and the shape/ flatness to the slab. The roughing mill in Usiminas Ipatinga uses a mathematical model for calculating the initial rolling conditions (Setup), for speed and opening of horizontal and vertical rolling mill cylinders (gap). The width variations in slab and lateral spread during deformation are complex parameters to adjust and control in the final dimension width within the customers tolerances products, due to the width reductions made by vertical rolling. Also the shape accuracy contributes directly to maximize the rolling performance in the subsequent processes, and the best way to do this is through the setup model of the rolling mills, considering in advance the lateral spread phenomenon for the calculation of the vertical rolling mills opening. In this way it is possible to minimize the operator interventions in the gap, to correct the width. In this work, improve this results for the adjustment setup model by vertical rolling will be presented, as well as the uniformity improvement values to obtained width.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): RAPHAEL HENRIQUE MORAIS REIS (IME )
Abstract:
Natural Lignocellulosic fibers (NLF) are reinforcement components in composites with engineering applications. The use of FNLs is justified by its excellent mechanical property in sets with its low cost and low density. Due to these factors, in this work the different thicknesses of the Amazonian guarumã fibers (Ischnoshiphon Koern) were investigated, which until now have been little studied. Thus, tensile tests were performed on guarumã fibers followed by Weibull and Anova statistical analyzes, respectively. The results showed that the mechanical properties of this natural fiber reached a tensile strength limit of approximately 612 MPa and an elastic modulus equal to 2.95 GPa. However, this result varies inversely proportional to the fiber thickness, presenting a lower mechanical behavior in the thicker fibers compared to thinner ones.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): DANIEL MAPA CLEMENTE (REDEMAT), Carlos Antônio da Silva (UFOP), Marivaldo Júnior Monteiro de Oliveira (REDEMAT), JOHNE JESUS MOL PEIXOTO (UFOP)
Abstract:
Tin is a metal used in several applications and is even considered a critical material in some countries due to its economic importance and supply chain risks. These risks may impact raw material availability and therefore, it is important that companies search not only for new sources, but also to enhance tin yield and to optimize the recovery from already existent materials. In this context, complex tin slags with high ZrO2 and significant levels of tin even after reprocessing have been reported in literature. The recovery of tin from these slags can help to provide more tin to the market and has been studied in this work through a test in an EAF. Slag’s melting point has been accessed through a CaO.SiO2.ZrO2 phase diagram and compared to literature data. According to temperature measurements and slag composition, it is indicated that the slag is not completely fluid at working temperatures. This fact can be associated to a high tin loss in the slag phase and further dilution of ZrO2 is required to achieve fluid phase of slag. The viscosity of the tin slag and the effect of additions has also been studied through four models (Urbain, Riboud, Iida and Optical Basicity). Contrasting results were obtained for the effect of ZrO2 on the viscosity and are related to a divergence regarding the role of ZrO2 as a slag former or modifier. These models also indicate that the addition of SiO2 increases viscosity, while the addition of CaO or FeO diminishes the viscosity of the tin slag.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Elton volkers do espírito santo (Instituto federal do espírito Santo), SILAS GAMBARINE SOARES (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), Eduardo Junca (UNIVERSIDADE DO EXTREMO SUL CATARINENSE), FELIPE FARDIN GRILLO (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO), JOSÉ ROBERTO DE OLIVEIRA (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO)
Abstract:
The formation of solid phases around the CaO particle in hot metal desulfurization is reported in the literature as one of the main controller mechanisms on the process kinetics. Calcium sulfides, silicates and aluminates are the main compounds that hinder the sulfur diffusion to lime. Thus, the aim of this work is to elaborate desulfurizing mixtures that form different solid and liquid phases to develop a desulfurization efficiency predicting model, which was called Global Desulfurization Factor (FGDeS). For this purpose, experimental desulfurization tests were carried out in a resistance furnace at a temperature of 1350°C, in an inert atmosphere with constant stirring of 500 rpm. Along with the tests, simulations were performed with FactSage 7.0 software in order to obtain the phases present in each mixture at the working temperature and compare them with the practical results. It was found that the tricalcium silicate phase (3CaO.SiO2) was present in the mixtures with the lowest desulfurization efficiency, which shows its kinetic limitation. In addition, the most efficient mixtures formed liquid phase above 20wt%, indicating that the CaO dissolved in the slag also participates in the desulfurization reaction.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): BRENO TOTTI MAIA (LUMAR METALURGICA LTDA)
Abstract:
Lances for reactors that work under vacuum, in general, have great durability and low maintenance interventions. For this reason, "orphan" equipment can be considered similar to some diseases and medications. They are necessary and due to their operational stability, they are not remembered. This article is intended to perform an analysis of the application of vacuum degassing lances and a failure analysis.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): rafael oliveira machado queiroz (Ecolab)
Abstract:
The microbiological control of the secondary cooling systems (sprays) of the continuous casting machines is a great challenge for the operation of this equipment. Contaminants, especially oils and grease, water temperature, large volumes, among other factors, contribute to the strong growth of microbiology. There is also the formation of organochlorides compounds, with a very negative impact on the environment. The traditional control, made with sodium hypochlorite, increases the corrosive potential of the system, and requires high product consumption. Chlorine Dioxide is an excellent biocide, and is a selective oxidizer, with great advantages over traditional biocides. Due to its characteristics, it must be generated at the site of application. In the past, its use was restricted due to the difficulty of generation, but the Purate technology has made its generation safe and efficient. This paper presents the result of the application of Purate technology in a continuous casting machine, with excellent results
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): RONALD MATHEUS LOBO PEREIRA (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
Concrete is usually very requested in the construction industry, its manufacturing and application process, in Brazil it is presented as the industry that generates most residues of environmental impact. In order to mitigate the environmental impact generated, studies have been developed regarding the reuse of materials as a possible solution to solve this problem. In this thin line, the present work exposes an investigation of the mechanical property survey in the concrete increment with several concentrations of rigid polyurethane volume to substitute a portion of the large aggregate establishing relations with the curing days of the preformed concrete, with the intention of produce structural concrete that attends the current standards. The methodology adopted was to characterize the materials, granulometric verification, the concrete abatement, the percentage of humidity acquired after concrete curing and compressive strength. The data obtained showed satisfactory results and with the potential to support the correct project with indication of paving elements and foundations, but it is not feasible for structural purposes for the civil construction.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): David Coverdale Rangel Velasco (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Mariane Oliveira Moreira (Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro), Gustavo Maciel Rodrigues Alves (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), FELIPE PERISSÉ DUARTE (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), NOAN TONINI SIMONASSI (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), CARLOS MAURÍCIO FONTES VIEIRA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO), RÔMULO LEITE LOIOLA (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO)
Abstract:
The use of lignocellulosic fibers in polymer composites is an alternative that can bring contributions in economic, environmental and technical spheres when compared to composites reinforced with glass fibers. The aim of this study is to compare epoxy composites reinforced with jute fabrics with fiberglass composites. Thus, specimens were prepared comparing the flexural strength of pure resin (DGEBA/TETA) with composites reinforced with fiberglass fabric and those reinforced with jute fiber fabric. The test was performed in accordance with ASTM D790, at a rate of 2mm/min. The properties of the epoxy resin and the composites produced were statistically evaluated using Analysis by Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's Test. The results indicated that the glass and jute fabric composites obtained a gain in the modulus of elasticity in relation to epoxy resin. However, unlike the fiberglass fabric, the presence of the fiberglass fabric did not contribute to an increase in the flexural strength limit.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Ana Laura Lopes de Matos Riscado (UENF)
Abstract:
In the city of Campos dos Goytacazes and region, the largest manufacturing center for red ceramics in the state of Rio de Janeiro / Brazil is located. The reuse of waste from this industry is presented as a viable solution to minimize environmental impacts and still generate savings. Alkaline activation has been widely studied in order to find a systematic way to obtain geopolymers, since the available studies still have discrepancies in the activation mechanisms that occur during polymerization. In the present work, the objective was to develop a geopolymer cement with the chamotte residue used as a precursor and as activating solutions sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. The specimens were molded as cylinders in the dimensions of 2.5 x 5.0 cm, varying the proportion of metakaolin and chamotte. The chemical characterization of the samples was performed using X-ray fluorescence, EDS and SEM. As for the mechanization characterization, a compression test was performed. The compressive strength of the resulting material was evaluated at 24h, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The curing temperature chosen was ambient. We were able to observe and attest to the results the increase in material resistance over time.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): ANA CAROLLINA ROCHA QUINTAO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
From the steel production process, steel slag is a solid waste that has important physical and chemical characteristics for its use in various areas of engineering. Currently, the use and development of products from steel slag have contributed economically and environmentally to steel producing companies, as this co-product is considered an environmental liability when not commercialized. There are several productive routes that make steelmaking slag secondary raw material for other sectors, such as agriculture and paving. This work has the purpose of evaluating the potential of production of iron sulfate from the conventional leaching of slag, process Linz-Donawitz. For this purpose, the slags were chemically characterized by wet method, to define the iron content. An experimental planning was carried out to achieve the optimal conditions for leaching using the variables, leaching time, sulfuric acid concentration and slag mass. It is expected to obtain a considerable amount of iron sulphate that will make production economically viable
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): GERALDO LUCIO DE FARIA (Universidade federal de ouro preto), Paulo Sérgio Moreira (Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto), TAMIRES CRISTIANE VALADARES SILVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Rodrigo Rangel Porcaro (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
Several papers available in the technical literature highlight the microstructural characteristics of pearlite as important parameters that influence the mechanical behavior of steels, especially eutectoids. Numerous authors show that slight variations in interlayer spacing and average size of pearlite colonies promote significant changes in the mechanical properties of eutectoid steels. Therefore, the quantitative characterization of these parameters, aiming to establish, or to predict microstructure-property relationships, has been relevant, especially for researchers, or manufacturers who develop these materials. However, the techniques currently available for revelation, or identification of pearlite colonies, are complex, laborious and often require the use of high-cost resources, which makes characterization procedures difficult. In this context, the present work presents the development of an oxidation contrast method that allows the revelation of pearlite colonies for direct observation by optical microscopy. The developed method was applied to three different eutectoid steels and the obtained results were compared with the average colony sizes determined using a method usually employed in the literature. It was concluded that the proposed method is effective and, once standardized among users, it can be used as a representative reference for determining the average size of pearlite colonies.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): julianna magalhães garcia (IME - INSTITUTO MILI), ana carolina accioly monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia), Andrey de moraes barcelos casanova (instituto militar de engenharia), iana costa carvalho (instituto militar de engenharia), luiz paulo brandao (instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
In this study, the microstructure of AISI 310 steel, previously creep tested until rupture, was evaluated. In temperature and time conditions between 650 °C and 700 °C and 2 to 1,231 h, respectively. To evaluate the microstructural evolution, X-ray diffraction, optical and scanning electron microscopy and Vickers micro-hardness tests were performed. Carbide, sigma phase and laves phases have been observed, varying over time of exposure, as seen by the diffractogram peaks accompanied by microscopic visualization. Microhardness increases pursued by a decreasing, following the transformation of the sigma phase in the matrix, demonstrating good relationships between the rupture temperatures and times with the microstructure and ageing time of the material and, specially, with the laves phase to increase the creep resistance of the material, being, an important point to optimize its application and maintenance.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 11:30 AM
Presenter(s): Arlei (CSn), Hugo Shokychi Toshimitsu3 (CSN)
Abstract:
The vibration system is a tool used to diagnostic possible fails in industrial processes, that are caused by mechanical oscillations that can basically compromise the productivity of a process and products’ quality. This paper presents cases studies of vibration analysis of the mechanical systems of a tandem cold mill, 5 stands and 4 high type. Through charts study of global energy and Fast Furrier Transforms – FFT charts, it was possible to create oscillatory identities of the origin of specific problems of mechanicals assemblies, as well as to know the influence of process variables in the vibrations curve of a rolling stand, differentiating it from the natural frequency of this set. Determining vibrations standards chart, these become the start of a predictive maintenance activity to later eliminate the root causes of the problem to eliminate emergency process stoppages and consequently improving the machine’s operational performance.
Round Table
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinator: Walter Saito - Consultant
Abstract:
Round Table
6/9/22, 11:05 AM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinator: Delmi Carvalho - CRAMG - Regional Council of Administration of Minas Gerais
Abstract:
HR Rounds
6/9/22, 11:15 AM - 6/9/22, 11:45 AM
Presenter(s): Wagner Bielefeldt - Associate Professor at UFRGS
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): WALLACE ERNESTO SANT anna ramos (BUCKMAN)
Abstract:
The Steel Industry Utilities and Energy team, always in search of continuous improvement for its processes, has the challenge of maintaining the quality of the water and effluents of the cooling and gas washing systems of the steelworks and blast furnaces, due to the various impurities existing in this process which can generate high maintenance costs throughout the year. This work aims to show the advantages and benefits of using a new suitable dispersant in the water and effluent from the cooling systems of the systems and washing of gases from the melt shop and blast furnaces with a focus on reducing preventive and corrective maintenance downtime, increasing performance equipment, labor optimization, among others
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Reto Egolf (Green grear trasmissioni s.r.l.)
Abstract:
Our passion is to find solutions in the field of Power Transmission. Green Gear Trasmissioni is a worldwide term for premium products in the field of gear spindles, gear couplings and universal-shafts. During our 30 years of close cooperation with leading OEM’s, we have successfully equipped a large number of plants worldwide that are specialized in the cold and hot rolling of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Our latest product, the GF-Stargate gear spindle revolutionizes oil lubrication by offering perfect precision. Oil consumption is reduced to a minimum, leaks are practically impossible and the heavy lubricating structure, consisting of: sumps, pump, and pipes can be eliminated. Our GF-Stargate gear spindles were installed as a world premiere in a 5-stand tandem, in South Wales, UK. After two years of continuous operation, the GF-Stargates showed typical running marks, but no damage or heat wear, and no oil leak! Tandem mills can now unlock their full performance potential! Green Gear Trasmissioni continues to facilitate cold and hot rolling through its Italian expertise.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): César Alves da Silva Leandro (Fatec - Pinda), César Alves da Silva Leandro (fatec-pinda)
Abstract:
It has been shown the theorical foundations of Entalphly. For better understanding the theoretical energy consumption calculation in Kwh/ton units was done and compared with the reality of the steel companies. The calculation also was done for Recycle aluminum. The results showed how important the energy is for steel industry and if the energy’s cost wasn’t expensive the companies would have better performance
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Inamara Amanda Souza Inamara (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo (IFES)), Heitor Cristo Clem de Oliveira (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (IFES)), Felipe Fardin Grillo (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (IFES)), Raphael Mariano de Souza (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (IFES)), Jose roberto de oliveira (INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO, CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO ESPÍRITO SANTO (IFES))
Abstract:
The aim to this paper is evaluating the slag properties (viscosity, density, CaO saturation content and CaO activity) on the blowing beginning on particle lime dissolution in the BOF steelmaking process. The tests were carried out in an electric resistance furnace oven using lime samples with diameters of 9.0mm. To evaluate the increase in FeO content different slag mixtures were prepared and in a second group 5.0g more FeO was added. The main difference between the results of this study and the literature is in the lime mass used. In the case of what was found in the literature, the percentage and CaO mass was lower than that used in this study and this contributed to a higher dissolution rate. The results also showed that the higher the FeO content in the slag the shorter the lime dissolution times, as they interfere in the increase of the density and the lime activity and in the viscosity reduction. It was also found that the higher the %FeO/%SiO2 ratio the less lime is spent to saturate the slag in lime decreasing its consumption which makes the term ∆(%CaO) one of the greatest characteristics influence on the dissolution rate.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): DANILO DI NAPOLI GUZELA (COMPANHIA BRASILEIRA DE METALURGIA E MINERACAO), marcos a. stuart nogueira (autônomo), antonio augusto gorni (autônomo), marcos arantes rebellato (rms - rolling mill solutions)
Abstract:
Recent developments proved that it is possible to reduce manganese content by adding small amounts of niobium, keeping the same mechanical properties of structural steels. For low yield strength around 350 MPa, small additions of niobium like 0.010% are enough to maintain the same mechanical properties of the original material, even reducing 0.50% of manganese content. This results in reduction of the costs of alloying design, that must be analysed based on updated ferroalloy prices. This paper points the benefits that reductions of manganese content can bring to the steelmaker and to the quality of product. The reduction of manganese content results in less additions of FeMn to the liquid steel, allowing to decrease the tapping temperature. This brings many benefits, e.g., regarding the consumption of refractories of LD furnace and ladle, the increase of metallic yield, the reduction of amount of aluminum as deoxidizer, of absorbed hydrogen and nitrogen, and of macro-segregation in the semi-products. This paper presents a simulation that considered the reduction of Mn contents from 1.40% to 0.90% associated with the addition of 0.010% Nb, resulting in the reduction of 15ºC in tapping temperature, which brings savings of 8.6 kg/t of FeSiMn; 0.050 kg of ladle lining/t of liquid steel; increase of 0.75% in metallic yield; savings of 0.135 kg/t of aluminum as deoxidizer; reduction of 13 ppm of phosphorous, 1.6 ppm of hydrogen and 8.7 ppm of nitrogen contents.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): felipe césar eliziário gonçalves (Ternium br), Afonso vaz de mello cardoso (ternium br), vinicius cunha aranda (ternium br), Leandro silvino Crivellari (Ternium br), daniel augusto godinho de carvalho (ternium br), leonardo martins demuner (ternium br)
Abstract:
Process stability is an essential circumstance to deliver better quality indexes on the steel slab produced. Therefore, supporting that mold level fluctuations are minimized is paramount. The continuous casting process is composed of numerous variables that must be optimized aiming at higher productivity and fewer occurrences of defects. The steel flow control between the tundish and the mold at Ternium Brazil's continuous casting machine is done through a stopper rod. The present work compares scenarios before and after a proposal to increase the oscillation amplitude of this equipment. To define the main operational variables that influenced the stability of the meniscus, a correlation study was also carried out. For the steel grades analyzed, the results showed smaller level variations when implementing the amplitude adjustment. The correlation analysis made it possible to define critical parameters to be considered in future studies.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): uLISSES OLIVEIRA COSTA (IME), LUCIO FABIO CASSIANO NASCIMENTO (ime), Julianna Magalhães Garcia (IME), Wendell Bruno almeida bezerra (IME), wagner anacleto pinheiro (IME), Fernanda santos da luz (IME), Sergio Neves Monteiro (IME)
Abstract:
Natural fibers have shown a great potential for engineering applications, especially in protection applications. A curaua fiber (Ananas erectifolius) is a promising candidate to replace synthetic fibers, such as glass and aramid fibers. An addition of graphene oxide (GO) to its shown surface is an excellent solution for optimizing characteristics by means of the best compatibility between a fiber (hydrophilic) and a polymeric matrix (hydrophobic). However, a matrix functionality proved to be more efficient in optimizing the tensile properties of the composite and improve the fiber/matrix interface. The modulus of elasticity was shown to be a more sensitive property to the functionalization with GO
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): VINICIUS SANTIAGO FERNANDES (COMPANHIA SIDERURGIA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
The preferential corrosion of welded joints of low carbon steels was evaluated in environments that simulate acid pickling section, in order to understand and prevent possible weld breaks inside pickling tanks in a steelmaking process. Embrittlement in the weld region and its effects on joint properties were evaluated by corrosion and metallographic tests. Preferential corrosion was observed in the weld region in both, laser and flash butt welding due to the presence of surface discontinuities, residual stresses and susceptible microstructure, this embrittlement only occurred when the welds were immersed in an acidic environment for a longer time than predicted in the material processing. It was concluded that from a long time of permanence of a weld in an acid environment with temperature around 60°C, the preferential corrosion tends to occur in the region of the weld.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Matheus Pereira Ribeiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), pEDRO HENRIQUE POUBEL MENDONÇA DA SILVEIRA (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), tHUANE tEIXEIRA DA SILVA (Instituto Militar de Engenharia), sergio neves monteiro (Instituto Militar de Engenharia)
Abstract:
Composites reinforced with natural fibers have been increasingly used in important industrial sectors, such as automotive and civil construction. In addition to its natural advantages, these composites have gradually been improved, being able to match its mechanical performance to synthetic fiber composites in some applications, such as the intermediate layer in individual ballistic armor. In particular, the hemp fiber (Cannabis ruderalis), although extensively used in fabrics, has yet scarce application in engineering polymer composites. Thus, this paper analyzed hemp fabric epoxy matrix composites reinforced by this material. Composites were manufactured with different volume fractions, 10, 20 and 30% vol., and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to thermally characterize this material. Based on the results, it was indicated a loss of thermal stability for composites reinforced with 10 and 20 vol% of hemp fabric. The 30 vol% reinforced composites showed an increase on the maximum degradation temperature (344.9 °C) compared to the neat hemp fabric (340.7 °C).
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): ANDERSON OLIVEIRA DA SILVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), RODRIGO FERNANDES NASCIMENTO (Federação das Indústrias do Espírito Santo (FINDES)), Ricardo Pondé Weber (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Sérgio N. Monteiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
In the work, the influence of weathering on the performance mechanical of an aramid fabric was investigated, by exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV), moisture by washing (LAV) and ultraviolet radiation plus moisture by washing (UV+LAV). Analysis of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (DRX) characterized the modifications occurred in the physical-chemicals properties of the aramid fabric. The aramid fabric was evaluated by tensile test conventional. The results shows with the tensile strength of the aramid fabric decreased for all evaluations groups (UV, LAV, UV+LAV) when compared to no-irradiated sample (CR). The higher loss of tensile strength occurred in the sample irradiated by moisture by washing (UV+LAV).
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): Raíssa Claudia Fernandes Alves (SMS GROUP METALURGIA DO BRASIL LTDA.)
Abstract:
METALLURGY PLANTS PRODUCE WATER AND SLUDGE AS A BYPRODUCT DURING DIFFERENT INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES. BECAUSE OF THAT, DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR TREATMENT OF COOLING WATER FROM METALLURGY PLANTS, IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT THINGS NOWADAYS. ZERO SOLID DISCHARGE IS NEW AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTION, WHICH LEADS TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT AND METALLURGY PLANT OPTIMIZATION. MAIN ADVANTAGE OF THIS TECHNOLOGY IS THAT IT WILL INCREASE BIOLOGICAL PROCESS IN THE WATER ALLOWING A SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN SLUDGE PRODUCTION AT THE END OF THE WATER TREATMENT, COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS. MAIN ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE IS SEEN IN TERMS OF CAPITAL INVESTMENT AS THERE IS NO NEED FOR ADDITIONAL MODIFICATIONS AND MODERNIZATION OF THE PLANTS – ZERO CAPEX. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS PAPER IS TO SHOW ADVANTAGE OF THIS APPLICATION THROUGH THE MAIN RESULTS THAT HAVE BEEN ACHIEVED DURING ITS USE IN ONE OF VARIOUS PLANTS WHERE IT IS APPLIED, IN PLANT SITUATED IN EUROPE. EFFICIENCY OF APPLICATION IS SHOWN IN REMOVING ORGANIC AND NUTRIENTS COMPOUNDS SUCH AS: COD, PHOSPHOROUS, NITRATES, ETC., IMPROVEMENTS IN WATER QUALITY, REDUCTION IN MAINTENANCE COST, ETC. FURTHERMORE, APPLIED ZSD TECHNOLOGY WILL SHOW CLEARLY THE REASONS WHY IT IS ESSENTIAL IN THE PRESENT AND IRREPLACEABLE IN THE FUTURE
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): julianna magalhães garcia (IME - INSTITUTO MILI), Iana costa carvalho (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Wellington mattos pires (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Andrey de moraes bARCELOS CASANOVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Ana Carolina Accioly Monteiro (ime- instituto militar de engenharia), Luiz Paulo Brandao (ime- instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
In this study, the microstructural evaluation of AISI 310 steel after cold-rolling and annealing at 1050 ° C for 90 min was carried out. The microstructural evolution was investigated through X-ray diffraction tests, scanning electron microscopy, Vickers microhardness and electrical conductivity measurements. It was verified that the cold rolled material had precipitation of carbides and twins. While the annealing process decreased the occurrence of precipitates and also increased the grain size by about 113%. Diffractograms did not had the sensibility to distinguish another phase, other than the austenitic matrix. Microhardness showed a decreasing trend with annealing, which corroborates the observation of increasing the grain size and decreasing the precipitates. The electrical conductivity measurements, in turn, managed to have the sensitivity to detect both grain size changes and precipitation with direct measurements in loco, which were not detectable in the XRD tests. Showing a potentiality of the conductivity technique as a way to evaluate the microstructure of the material.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): EUSTAQUIO DE SOUZA BAETA Junior (Universidade Estácio de sá), Mônica Aline Magalhães Gurgel (Instituto Militar de engenharia), Letícia dos santos aguilera (Universidade do estado do rio de janeiro), Andersan dos Santos Paula (instituto militar de engenharia), Luiz Paulo Mendonça Brandão (Instituto militar de engenharia)
Abstract:
Steels from the FeMnAlC system have gained great notoriety for being a promising type for use in vehicles. Most of these alloys have aluminum contents sufficient to stabilize the δ ferrite at room temperature and, due to recent development, different compositions have been tested to optimize the microstructures. This work aims to select compositions and compare thermodynamic analyzes using ThermoCalc software with Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) analysis, to verify if the predicted phases and transformations occur in the material. Equilibrium calculations were performed to map the proportion of phases in different compositions, of which four were selected. Pseudo binary phases, solidification and phase evolution diagrams with temperature were calculated. The samples were made with selected compositions for analysis in DSC and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A good correlation was found between the analyzes showing that the method correctly describes the phase transformations in steel alloyed with Al and Nb
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:30 AM - 6/9/22, 11:55 AM
Presenter(s): RENATO VERGNHANINI FILHO (IPT)
Abstract:
The article presents the methodology developed by IPT for continuous monitoring of blast furnace effluent gases during the load lowering process (blow down), aiming at the control of the process, in order to guarantee the integrity of the equipment and the technical team involved.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Fábio schusterschitz da silva araújo (Ecolab química ltda)
Abstract:
The history of chemical conditioning in cooling systems has shown an increase in environmental and performance restrictions, which has an evolution in chemical conditioning as a response. Until the early 1990s, chromate had wide application due to its cost and process results. However, the environmental impact was severe, and this class of inhibitor was no longer used, with phosphate taking its place. In order to use this technology, there have been advances in control and dosing, as well as in dispersant technology. Phosphate also has a negative impact on the environment, and in many places its use is regulated. Phosphorus is a nutrient, and causes the eutrophication of water bodies, favoring the multiplication of algae, with damage to the aquatic fauna and flora. In response to this demand, Nalco Water has developed a phosphorus-free corrosion control technology, which has performed very well where it has been applied.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): BIANKA NANI VENTURELLI (ESCOLA POLITECNICA DA USP)
Abstract:
The effects on the as-cast grain macrostructure of additions of Hf or of both Al and Hf to melts of a Hadfield steel (12% Mn, 1.2%C, and 0.65% Si) is studied. The melts were prepared in an induction furnace with a protective argon atmosphere. Before and after Hf/Al additions, they were cast in sand cups to give cylindrical ingots. The grain structure of the transversal section of the ingots were revealed and their microstructure examined in optical and electron microscopes. The average grain size of the resulting ingots decreased from 2000 µm to 340 µm after a 0.15%Hf addition and to 280 m after both 0.1%Al and 0.15%Hf additions. Grain refinement coincided with the precipitation of particles that were analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) microanalysis, showing evidences of being made of HfC or HfO2 and Al2O3.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): elsomar biancardi guimarães de oliveira (ifes (instituto federal do espírito santo)), Franklin de Souza Zottich (IFES), Bruno Gonçalves Pereira (IFES), Caio Vaccari Silva (IFES), Felipe Fardin Grillo (IFES), José Roberto de Oliveira (IFES)
Abstract:
The main objective of this paper is to analyze technical feasibility of utilization initial dephosphorating mixtures based on CaO, FeO, SiO2, MgO, Na2O and CaF2, in the DEPHOSPHORIZATION of HOT METAL pretreatment PROCESS. As a source of CaO was used conventional lime and marble waste and, as a source of FeO was used scale steel waste. The development of the composition of the dephosphorization was made through of computational thermodynamic calculation, with the utilization of the software FactSage 7.3 to determine initial mixtures properties. The thermodynamic and kinetics of the initial mixtures properties were compared, in order to evaluate the measured dephosphorization efficiency, in the laboratory scale experiments. A new model named Modified Dephosphoration Factor (FDeP-M) was developed to evaluate which initial mixture could be the most efficient, based on its properties. The FDeP-M calculates the dephosphorization efficiency of the chemical composition of the initial mixtures. The initial dephosphorating mixture containing marble waste with flux Na2O achieved better efficiency than the other variations. The results indicate the possibility to use the marble waste and scale as dephosphorating agents in the hot metal dephosphorization process.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Joao Berganholi (RHI Magnesita), Anderson morais de paula (gerdau ouro branco), eric novaes de almeida (gerdau ouro branco), gabriel mauricio gomes (rhi magnesita), marina braga campos (gerdau ouro branco), neivson josé carvalho (rhi magnesita), paulo vinicius souza da conceição (rhi magnesita), romulo batista baitz (rhi magnesita), Samuel Augusto Martins Oliveira (rhi magnesita), Tito Hugo Nogueira Coelho (gerdau ouro branco)
Abstract:
Gerdau Ouro Branco (GOB) is the biggest plant facility of the Gerdau Group, with an annual production of 3.8 million tons of steel and the only producer of slabs, blooms and billets in the same steel shop in Brazil. A major investment few years ago in a new heavy plate rolling mill facility was done, following the Group vision of providing to the market more added value finished products. More than ever the secondary metallurgy is playing a very important role on the development of this line of products, in special the RH Degasser facility. With oxygen top blow capabilities, this equipment is the only one capable to achieve the very challenging steel specifications, when minimum hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon contents are demanded for the oil and gas industry, wind power, shipbuilding industry, machinery and equipment. Due to intense flow of different phases (gas, liquid slag, liquid steel, solid phases), refractory erosion/corrosion are very high in RH degasser vessels, which decreases productivity consequently increasing the steelmaking costs. On top, the vessel works under very low pressure and its geometry makes any hot inspection in between heats impossible. In alignment with the customers’ needs, RHIM developed an Online Refractory Wear Prediction Model (APO, Automated Process Optimization) for the lower RH degasser vessel. Over the past 2 years, APO helped the process and operational engineers to take data driven decisions when it comes to refractory cost, operational productivity and safety. This paper describes the development of APO on the RH Degasser and shows the results achieved so far, that lead GOB to achieve 330 heats in the vessel, a new historical record in the country
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): FELIPE BUBOLTZ FERREIRA (FUND LUIZ ENGLERT)
Abstract:
Inertization in continuous casting tundish is essential in first heats of a sequential to avoid reoxidation and hence the rising of non-metallic inclusions in steel. Nowadays steel shops are looking for the best practices in this concern. There are several ways to conduct this process in a continuous casting tundish in order to have proper steel cleanliness. In this paper, some techniques to carry out such process are discussed aiming to provide industry a source of information about the topic tundish inertization.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Amanda Mendes Ribeiro (UENF), Rômulo Leite Loyola (UENF), Juliana Soares de Faria (UENF), Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (uenf)
Abstract:
Wood can be understood as natural polymeric matrices composite reinforced by natural lignocellulosic fibers. A type of wood that is commonly used are those extracted from eucalyptus. Due to the adaptability of the tree, alongside with the relative short growth period this variety is one of the most cultivated in Brazil. Even with modern processing techniques, between 60 and 70% of the tree is used as wood, which generates a large amount of waste that is normally used as an energetic material. Thus, the objective of this work is to study the possibility of using waste from the timber industry as a reinforcement in polymer matrix composites. The polymer in question is a vegetable polyurethane resin derived from castor oil and the studied residue is wood chips taken from 3 different stages of eucalyptus processing. As a method of characterization reinforced composites between 10 and 40% in volumetric fraction of the 3 residues (RE1, RE2 and RE3) were individually made and subjected to flexural tests. The results show that, in low volumetric fractions, the residues cause a decrease in performance. The loss of performance is associated with the appearance of bubbles in the matrix and, as the volumetric fraction increases, the residue tends to act as reinforcement and the flexural strength has an increase of up to 700% comparing to pure resin.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): isadora fernandes costa de oliveira (universidade federal de ouro preto (ufop)), rodrigo rangel porcaro (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO (UFOP))
Abstract:
For the construction of the continuously welded railways, the Flash Butt Welding (FBW) process is the main choice, since it is easier to control and allows to obtain joints with acceptable quality. However, FBW imposes a state of residual stresses on the material that is responsible for the main mode of failure of this component in the welded regions. In this context, this work compared results of residual stresses, measured by strain gages, with results obtained via computational thermomechanical simulation of the FBW process on rails. Tensile tests were also carried out to obtain mechanical properties of the rail steel. The simulation results were satisfactory in relation to those reported in the literature. Furthermore, the residual stresses, obtained by simulation, showed a direct correlation with the different displacement conditions considered in the model.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): AVENER GLEIDSON ANDRADE SANTOS (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARA), taiana de sousa matos (Universidade ederal do pará), Damares da cruz barbosa nascimento (Universidade federal do pará), sérgio neves monteiro (instituto militar de engenharia ), alisson clay rios da silva (universidade federal do pará ), verônica scarpini candido (universidade federal do pará)
Abstract:
The search for new materials with properties equivalent to synthetic ones, leveraged the research and development of new materials. Aiming at high performance and sustainability, fibers from the Amazon region have been standing out in the field of research. In this sense, the search for new materials with renewable characteristics is necessary, seeking in the first place the added cost to the high resistance. This work aims to characterize the morphology of the fibrous tissue of tururi and determine a specific mass for possible application of reinforcement in polymer matrix composites. The Tururi fiber, as it presents itself in the form of fibrous tissue, arouses interest in the field of research. of being an explorer in the literature, the fabric, despite being little used in activities, such as covering houses and making handicrafts and baskets. The fibrous tissue was purchased at the Ver-o-Peso market, Belém - Pará. The tissue was washed in running and neutral water, then sent to drying in an oven at 0 ºC for 1. The tissue was eminently optical aesthetic (MO) and electronic mechanism (MEV). Also, the determination of the specific mass of the ethanol tissue was performed. The results obtained indicate that the fibrous tissue has the potential to be used as a reinforcement in a polymer matrix composite, due to the low mass and the high degree of entanglement observed in SEM and OM
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): João vitor da silveira nunes (Universidade Federal do ceará)
Abstract:
Chitosan is an artificial polymer obtained from chitin. This material allows to produce thin films with biodegradable and antibacterial properties. Its main applications are for packaging and the medical field. However, its low mechanical properties still limit its use, so there are several studies on the influence of additives on mechanical properties. The work consisted in the production of chitosan films with and without the addition of cellulose fibers to verify the influence on mechanical properties. Solutions of 1.5% w/v of chitosan dissolved in 1% v/v acetic acid were produced, with subsequent addition of glycerol and 10% of sisal fiber at 0.5mm in proportion to the mass of chitosan. The solutions were oven dried to produce the films. Tensile tests were realized in decaplicate following the ASTM D882-18 standard. The values of tensile strength and elongation at break went through a statistical analysis using the software Jamovi version 2.2.5. It was observed that the addition of fiber caused a significant increase in tensile strength from 2.69 ± 0.53 to 6.06 ± 0.95 MPa, but also causes a decrease in elongation from 29.8(28,6;30,8) to 14.1(12,9;14,4)%.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Eliane de paula clemente (Embrapa), Guilherme Kangussu Donagemma (Embrapa), Silvio roberto de lucena tavares (embrapa), Natalia fernandes rodrigues (Universidade federal fluminense), Germana de Oliveira Carvalho (Universidade federal fluminense)
Abstract:
The slags treated of the steel industry are becoming an alternative to limestone, once, besides correcting soil acidity, it also promotes Silicon (Si) to the plant, which enables it to enhance its resistance to the abiotic and biotic effects. Literature reports that fertilizers that allow the plant to deepen its roots are capable of providing higher tolerance to drought, this being one of the main problems of agriculture. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze if the application of steel industry-slag-based fertilizers, Agrosilício Mg and Agrosilício Plus, can provide higher resistance to hydric stress to the grass Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu. The research was carried out in an screen-house in the Fluminense Federal University, in Niterói – RJ, following a plan of subdivided plots, with each plot having the silicates, and the subplots having the blades of water analyzed (100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% in Field Capacity – FC); with the outlining conducted in an entirely randomized style, with four repetitions. The utilization of Agrosilício Mg and Agrosilício Plus was capable to promote grass’s tolerance to drought and, aside from that, provided better absorption of Calcium, Magnesium, and Silicon, showing results similar to the limestone.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): GERALDO LUCIO DE FARIA (Universidade Federal de ouro preto), Luiza Pessoa Moreira (universidade federal de ouro preto), Leonardo Barbosa Godefroid (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Sidney Cardoso de Araújo (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), Paulo Sérgio Moreira (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
This work evaluated the effect of heat treatments on microstructural evolution, tensile resistance and fatigue crack nucleation resistance of a high carbon steel microalloyed with Nb and V used on rail manufacturing. Heat treatments were carried out after the following steps: characterization of equilibrium phase transformation thermodynamics by computational simulation; dilatometric study of phase transformation kinetics, considering the effect of the microalloying precipitates or in solid solution in austenite, with the determination of CCT and TTT curves for this alloy. Based on the previous results, two promising heat treatments have been proposed: pearlite refinement and austempering. The samples were metallographically prepared and analyzed by optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Treated specimens were submitted to mechanical tests to obtain tensile stress-strain curves and stress-life fatigue curves. The heat treatments allowed to obtain pearlitic and bainitic structures with different microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties. This work presents a rarely explored contribution about the use of microalloying on a high-carbon steel applied in the railway sector, reaching a relevant proposal for heat treatment of austempering carried out at 400°C from the austenitization temperature at 900°C. This heat treatment produced a bainitic microstructure and improved material in terms of mechanical strength, ductility and fatigue life.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): PEDRO ENRIQUE MONFORTE BRANDAO MARQUES (UFRJ)
Abstract:
High entropy alloys (HEA) are advanced materials defined by high mixing entropy with excellent mechanical properties. To study the effect of different mixtures of elements on these properties, several computational methods have been explored in recent years. In this work, a machine learning regression model capable of predicting the hardness of HEA containing the Fe-Ni-Cr-Co-Al-Cu-Mo-Ti-Mn-V elements from their chemical composition is proposed. The model was trained using Gaussian process regression (GPR), from a literature database, having its performance evaluated and then compared with values from other studies in the area.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:20 PM
Presenter(s): Aysser Laizo (CSN)
Abstract:
Many of the components and inputs used in Mining have a high cost, both for acquisition and maintenance. The tires used in off-road equipment follow this parameter, as they are large components, involve technology in their design and manufacture, in addition to requiring adequate parameters to operate within their expected useful life. In addition, an unwanted event of failure in one of these tires can offer damage to the equipment, as well as risk to the integrity of the operators and maintenance personnel. The objective of this work is to present the study of online technologies dedicated to the monitoring of important tire parameters (internal pressure and temperature), the choice of technology, and the steps taken until its complete integration with the system and the maintenance culture. Several technologies available on the market were studied, and the one that showed the greatest reliability was chosen, which was the MEMS monitoring system - from the Michelin manufacturer. It was necessary to have an internal planning of the implementation strategy, going from the training of people until the system was operating at its fullest, so that the maximum of its capacity and benefits were abstracted. The investment made with the system alone was over R $ 2 M. 6 months after the start of the implementation, there was a high number of occurrences of failures and accidents avoided, which brought the financial return on the investment well before planned, including, having recovered the amount invested within this period. The implementation of this work confirmed the technical and financial feasibility of investing in technology and innovation, as it brought financial gains and increased safety levels, increased productivity in the production process, in addition to an increase in the technical level and motivation of the team involved.
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Jose M. Rodriguez Ibabe
Abstract:
Keynote Speaker
6/9/22, 11:55 AM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): José Maria Rodriguez Ibabe - President /Senior researcher at CEIT - Spain
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/8/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Luiz Roberto Moraes Junior (villares metals sa), Bruno Pessoa Ramos (VILLARES METALS SA), Deiber Luiz Dela Torre Camargo (VILLARES METALS SA), Edeson Baade Junior (VILLARES METALS SA), Edson Fernandes Cabral (VILLARES METALS SA), Egberto Antonio Possente (VILLARES METALS SA), Leandro Barros de Figueiredo (VILLARES METALS SA), Leandro Henrique Costa (VILLARES METALS SA), Luis Fernando Rosa (VILLARES METALS SA), Paulo Henrique Naletto (VILLARES METALS SA), Renato Tatsuo Komatsu (VILLARES METALS SA), Robson Leandro Silva (VILLARES METALS SA)
Abstract:
NOWADAYS THERE ARE ENORMOUS EFFORTS IN THE MELTSHOP FOR DECREASING OPERATOR EXPOSURE, INCREASING OPERATIONAL CONTROLS, PROCESS STABILITY AND COST REDUCTION. THIS PAPER HAS THE AIM OF INTRODUCING THE PROCESS CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS IMPLEMENTED AT VILLARES METALS MELTSHOP BY INSTALLING AND COMMISSIONING A ROBOTIC ARM FOR SAMPLING AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT IN THE LADLE FURNACE, VIBRATIONAL ARGON LADLE STIRRING CONTROL AND THE AUTOMATIC COUPLING SYSTEM FOR LADLE STIRRING.
Energy Balances
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s):
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): PEDRO HENRIQUE RESENDE VAZ DE MELO (USIMINAS), Werner Aredes Matos (USIMINAS), Rafael Fernandes Reis (USIMINAS)
Abstract:
Filler sand is used to prevent liquid steel contact with the ladle slide gate during steel refining. When the slide gate is opened, the filler sand falls out, creating an instantaneous free-opening. Many aspects can influence the ladle blockage such as the amount and placement of sand, granulometry, chemical composition and sand removal by steel jet during Basic Oxygen Furnace (BOF) tapping. The slide gate blockage would need oxygen lancing to remove the sintered sand, which is a dangerous operation and can lead to a worsening of steel cleanliness, as well as affecting process logistics. It was evaluated the influence of steel jet impingement position and flow rate, during BOF tapping, on filler sand dragging through physical simulations. In an acrylic ladle, scale 1:5, three jet positions were simulated: impact zone, impact zone junction with ladle wall and only ladle wall. The jet flow rate was also varied (49 l/min and 117 l/min). Both the flow rate and the jet impingement position had effects on filler sand drag. A greater sand drag could be noticed for tappings in which jet impingement was on the ladle wall. The increased flow rate jet also contributed to a greater sand drag.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): GUSTAVO SANTOS GALANTE (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), MATHEUS TELES BRAGA DE OLIVEIRA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), CARLOS LEONARDO DE OLIVEIRA VELASCOS (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), ITAVAHN ALVES DA SILVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), CARLOS ANTÔNIO DA SILVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), JOHNE DE JESUS MOL PEIXOTO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
Steel flow asymmetries in the tundish can be brought by non-symmetric geometry, positioning of flow controller or ladle shroud. These asymmetries lead to differences on steel quality depending on the strand. In this work, the flow pattern inside of a two-strand tundish was analyzed using physical and mathematical modeling techniques. To reduce the flow asymmetry resulting from the placement of the ladle shroud, two configurations of flow modifiers are proposed. The effect of gas injection on the removal of inclusions was also evaluated. Both flow modifiers configurations showed inclusion removal symmetry between the strands, despite the asymmetry of the ladle shroud. It was observed a significant increase in the inclusion removal efficiency, comparing the strand with gas and without gas. The best result was obtained for the DW1 configuration. Flow features predicted by numerical simulation matches well with the physical model data. It has been observed that the velocity profile was favorable for the removal of inclusions and a gaseous plume was well distributed above the strand for a gas flow rate of 3 L/min.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Ana clara alves andrade (UEMG), Ricardo Luiz Perez Teixeira (Universidade Federal de Itajubá - UNIFEI), Leonardo Lúcio de Araújo Gouveia (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS - UEMG), Ladir Antônio da Silva Júnior (UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS - UEMG), Haroldo Lhou Hasegawa (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE ITAJUBÁ - UNIFEI)
Abstract:
Technical Programming
INFLUENCE OF SEAM WELDING PARAMETERS IN ADVANCED HIGH-RESISTANCE STEEL, COMPLEX PHASE 1000 AND 1200 IN AN CONTINUOUS GALVANIZING LINE
Presenter(s): VINICIUS SANTIAGO FERNANDES (COMPANHIA SIDERURGIA NACIONAL)
Abstract:
Advanced high strength steels are already in a necessary stage, on a large scale, for the automotive and auto parts industry in the most varied applications. This fact has demanded the steelmakers around the world, investments or improvements in the joining processes, whether in the industrially produced sheets or in the finished parts in the assembly lines. From this perspective, this work shows a study of the welding of complex phase steels produced in a continuous hot dip galvanizing line by the Resistance Seam Welding process. For this study welds were obtained with different parameters and base metals. Mechanical and metallographic tests were carried out and it was possible to identify the best welding parameters for CP steels. The best combinations of welded joints that were approved, according to the tests were those of CP 1000 steels with SAE 1005 steel and CP 1200 with SAE 1005 steel.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Juliana Peixoto Rufino Gazem de Carvalho (UENF), Amanda Mendes Ribeiro (UENF), Renan da Silva Guimarães (UENF), Noan Tonini Simonassi (UENF), Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes (UENF), Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira (UENF)
Abstract:
Natural lignocellulosic fibers are increasingly being studied as replacements for fibers of synthetic origin. The advantage of this use is that the natural fibers are renewable, biodegradable and have good mechanical properties. From this, this work aimed at the reuse of piassava fibers discarded as industrial waste for the analysis in composite materials. For this, epoxy polymer matrix plates were created with incorporation of 30% to 60% by volume of fiber. Then, the plates were cut to dimensions determined by the Charpy impact test standard. Finally, as a result, it was found that compositions with 60% fiber achieved the best results, reaching approximately 15KJ / m² of resistance.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Ana Laura Lopes de Matos Riscado (UENF)
Abstract:
In the red ceramic industry, the large amount of waste produced generates concern about its proper disposal. One way to reuse the waste generated in the burning of the ceramic manufacturing process, rich in silica and alumina, is in the development of a geopolymeric binder with cementing properties. The use of tailings can replace that of the commonly used metakaolin, generating savings for the process. Therefore, in the present work, the objective was to develop a geopolymer cement with the chamotte residue used as precursor and as activating solutions sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. The specimens were molded as cylinders in the dimensions of 2.5 x 5.0 cm, varying the proportion of metakaolin and chamotte, for later comparison with samples made only with metakaolin. Chemical characterizations of the samples were carried out through X-ray fluorescence, EDS and SEM and the physical characteristics were analyzed with data of apparent density, water absorption, voids index, specific mass and saturated specific mass. As for the mechanization characterization, a compression test was performed. Water absorption is directly linked to the material's porosity, and the high value of 20.81% found may explain the low values of mechanical strength of the material obtained, as well as a better analysis of the solid / liquid ratio.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Henrique junio oliveira lopes (Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio)), Enrique Roy Dionisio Calderon (PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO (PUC-RIO)), José Carlos D’Abreu (PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO (PUC-RIO)), Naggme Hisse de Lima Dias (PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO (PUC-RIO))
Abstract:
Nowadays the steel industry in Brazil generates about 5 million tons of LD steel slag annually. Recently some studies with its use in cement production have shown promise, once that after heat treatment and chemical modifications it can present phases with similar hydraulic properties to Portland cement and equivalent compressive strength as well. In this context, the present work aimed to investigate the feasibility of using LD slag for production of a Portland cement Class-E, in the face of chemical modifications of the liquid slag followed by a fast-cooling heat treatment and chemical analysis carried out by ICP-OES and ICP-MS techniques and also a compressive strength test according to the NBR 7215 standard. In addition, based on the results of the compression test and to optimize the amount of material used, a correlation study was carried out between specimens in accordance with the standard (5X10cm) and smaller specimens (1X2cm), in order to use an appropriate lab compressive machine. The results showed that the mixtures using 75% Portland II Cement F-32 and 25% “Novo Clinquer” (chemical and heat-treated LD slag) and that one with 50-50 ratio using the same materials, were the mixtures that fully satisfied the minimum compressive resistance condition required by the NBR standard, concerning Type II Class Portland Cements, after 28 days of curing.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Bruna Malvar castello branco (ufrj), joelma barros souza (ufrj), Pedro paulo medeiros Ribeiro (ufrj), iranildes daniel dos santos (Instituto Tecnológico Vale/Vale S.A), Achilles Junqueira Bourdot Dutra (ufrj)
Abstract:
The increasing worldwide demand for nickel requires new extraction and beneficiation routes for the exploitation of nickel lateritic ore deposits. The laterites' complex mineralogical composition renders the extraction of nickel through existing processes unfeasible. The sulfation-roasting-leaching process in a rotary kiln furnace was used to extract nickel and cobalt from a Brazilian nickel laterite ore. Selective sulfation of Brazilian lateritic ore was performed in a rotary kiln furnace, and different heat treatment temperatures were investigated. The solid leaching residue of the samples processed were characterized using X-ray diffraction and the quantification made by the Rietveld method. The main phases identified were quartz, hematite, goethite, maghemite, talc, and chlorite. The latter was the most relevant nickel carrier in the solid residue.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): Júlia Chagas Lessa da Silva (IFES)
Abstract:
The purpose of the simulation, to predict the precipitation of carbides in steels, is to evaluate, through the basic principles of chemical thermodynamics, the types of carbides formed concerning the chemical composition and temperatures during the manufacturing process. In this case, the FactSage software is a valuable tool to predict the behavior of precipitation and solubilization of these carbides. With the development of microalloyed and stainless steels to serve different industrial areas, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the carbides formed, as they are essential in the physical and chemical properties of these materials. In this work, the theoretical and experimental factors that influence the analysis simulations with the FactSage software version 8.0 were evaluated. To simulate, the chemical compositions of a microalloyed steel and an austenitic stainless steel AISI 302 were used using different bases and varying the temperature from 100 ºC to 1400 ºC. To determine the results, the activity coefficients of the analyzes and different parameters for the simulations were used. The results showed that the precipitation of carbides of the type M23C6, M7C3, and M3C have activity coefficients below 1, being necessary to select specific base phases for these precipitations to be detected on graphics.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 12:20 PM - 6/9/22, 12:45 PM
Presenter(s): rodrigo de oliveira pereira (PRIMETALS TECHNOLOGIES)
Abstract:
This work aims to present results obtained with the engineering of central bearing and house bearing modification of sets of continuous casting rollers, in order to guarantee greater performance and product quality. This work presents the results obtained and the parameters of the modifications
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/8/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): iago fernandes de abreu (UFOP - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), PAULO SANTOS ASSIS (UFOP - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), LEONARD DE ARAÚJO CARVALHO (UFOP - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), MOACIR ÂNDRETTI SABINO MOTA (UFOP - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO), HENRIQUE GUILHERME LUCAS BASTOS (GERDAU S.A)
Abstract:
STEEL PRODUCTION IS A HIGHLY COMPLEX PROCESS WITH NUMEROUS VARIABLES INHERENT IN THE DIVERSITY OF ROUTES UNTIL THE FINAL PRODUCT IS OBTAINED. INSERTED IN THE ROUTE KNOWN AS REDUCTION, THE BLAST FURNACE IS A REACTOR WITH MANY PROCESS VARIABLES THAT ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR GUARANTEEING THE QUALITY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF THE FINAL PRODUCT, HOT METAL. THEREFORE, THE NEED ARISES TO HAVE A CONSISTENT AND PRECISE CONTROL OF SUCH INDICATORS. THIS WORK SEEKS TO PRESENT THE CREATION OF A COMMITTEE MACHINE COMPOSED OF THREE MODELS OF NEURAL NETWORKS FOR PREDICTION OF SPECIFIC CARBON CONSUMPTION. THE RESULT SHOWS THE MEAN SQUARE ERROR, NAMED AS RMSE, VALUE OF 4.67 FOR THE SPECIFIC CONSUMPTION OF CARBON, VERIFYING THEN THE RELEVANCE OF THE MODEL FOR THE ACADEMIC COMMUNITY, SINCE THEY WERE THE MOST PROMISING IN THE LITERATURE SO FAR.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Felipe oliveira arydes (CEFET/RJ CAMPUS NOVA IGUAÇU), ADRIANE Lopes Mougo (CEFET/RJ CAMPUS Nova Iguaçu)
Abstract:
The material and the cutting conditions influence the shear strain generated on a material when passing through the primary shear plane. In addition to this parameter, the chip velocity through the rake surface is capable of indicating the tool life, since both are influenced by the cutting speed. Among the most used materials on the oil and gas industries, are the duplex and superduplex stainless steels, which presents high mechanical and corrosion resistance. Other stainless steels, as the AISI 316 and the AISI 410, also presents these properties, but separately. On this context, the objective of this paper is to analyse the shear strain and the chip velocity through a turning process considering two levels of cutting speed and feed rate. The results showed an increase of the shear strain according with the increase of the cutting speed, as well as its decrease according with the increase of the feed and, finally, that the cutting speed increases as the chip velocity increases as well. For these results, it was observed that the values found for the superduplex stainless steel was between the values of the other two steels
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): gilson vasconcelos barbosa (arcelormittal), harison da silva ventura (eeimvr), glaucio soares da fonseca (eeimvr)
Abstract:
The field of civil construction engineering is a market that is in an increasing advance associated with the country's development. Steel, one of the main materials used in this field, has been evolving to accompany this development. For this important ferrous material to remain competitive, steelmakers are looking for a microstructural evolution to meet the mechanical properties of the materials required today. This microstructural change is related to heat treatments that involve phase transformations in the material, but also effects that will occur throughout natural processes in different materials. This work aims to present an evolution in the Elastic Relation property of the CA60 AM60B Nerve Wire from the recovery in stock. Where it is possible to show a significant difference in the Elastic Relation property without having to increase the cost of processing the material on an industrial scale.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): pedro henrique caires gomes (Gerdau)
Abstract:
With the tendency of the wind industry to produce ever larger and more powerful rings, the requirements of the technical specifications are getting tighter. This has challenged Materials Science to develop new products that have high mechanical strength without significantly impacting the cost of manufacturing rolling rings. However, the manufacture of special steels implies highly complex product and processing characteristics. The different manufacturing routes have thermodynamic, kinetic and physical limitations, of resources and equipment, which must be balanced, aiming at productive viability, but meeting the specifications and requirements of the customer. The present work aimed to characterize the SAE 4140 alloy for application in bearing rings for wind towers with reduced grain size and improving the distribution of inclusions in the forging and rolling processes without impacting the increase in gas consumption in heat treatments for do not compromise the product line margin. The objectives were achieved through the characterization of the grain size and the level of inclusions. Also, that the high degree of deformation used in one of the rings to expect a smaller final grain size in the lamination, other phenomenon was fundamental to determine a larger grain size even with a high degree of deformation. However, for inclusions there was a reduction in severity for the ring with the highest degree of deformation.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): SANTINO LORUAN SILVESTRE DE MELO (UFC CAMPUS DO PICI BL 714), Enio pontes de deus (universidade federal do ceará), francisco victor rosa de lima (universidade federal do ceará), jaine caboclo coutinho (universidade federal do ceará), JOÃO VITOR DA SILVEIRA NUNES (universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
BIOPOLYMERS SUCH AS CHITOSAN ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS TO REPLACE SEVERAL SYNTHETIC POLYMERS DUE TO THEIR LOW COST, MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE AND BIODEGRADABILITY. MODIFICATION OF THESE MATERIALS, BOTH CHEMICALLY AND MECHANICALLY, CAN PROVIDE UNIQUE PROPERTIES FOR THESE MATERIALS, DIRECTING THEIR USE TO SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS. IN THIS PRODUCTION LINE FOR SPECIFIC MATERIALS ARE MEMBRANES, WHICH ADD PROPERTIES TO DELIVER A FINAL PRODUCT WITH UNIQUE CHARACTERISTICS. CURRENTLY, PERFLUOROSULFONIC MEMBRANES, SUCH AS NAFION'S, ARE USED IN MICROBIAL ELECTROLYSIS CELLS, BUT THE MAJOR DISADVANTAGES SUCH AS HIGH COST, LOW CONDUCTIVITY IN ANHYDROUS CONDITIONS AND THEIR NON-SUSTAINABILITY LED US TO SEEK BETTER ALTERNATIVES FOR THEIR REPLACEMENT. IN THIS RESEARCH WORK, WE WILL INVESTIGATE THE PROTON CONDUCTION BEHAVIOR OF CHITOSAN MEMBRANES TO UNDERSTAND THIS CHARACTERISTIC, IN ORDER TO APPLY THESE MEMBRANES IN MICROBIAL ELECTROLYSIS CELLS.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): GABRIEL PENNA KRAMER LIMA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL), Hector Alejandro Picarte Fragoso (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL), Juliana Gonçalves Pohlmann (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL), Antônio Cezar Farias Vilela (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL), eduardo osório (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL)
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of the different chemical, physical and petrographic properties of coals on their combustion behavior in blast furnaces process through combustibility tests using a PCI-rig simulator. A high-volatile bituminous coal, three low-volatile bituminous, generally applied in PCI, and an anthracite were used. The coals behavior through the PCI-rig indicated an increase in burnout as the volatile content increases. The analysis of these behaviors indicated that in the simulator the role of the volatile content decreased with the increase of the coal rank. The high-volatile coal had the highest burnout, as anthracite had the lowest ones. The low volatile coals showed intermediate performances and, due to the similarity of their ranks, the volatile content was not sufficient to explain their behavior, so that the analysis of the physical and petrographic properties allowed to explain the differences between their average burnout. The association of the analysis of the natural characteristics of the coals with the combustion test in the PCI-rig demonstrated its potential capacity to qualitatively and quantitatively differ coals injection performances.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): anderson denadai thomazini (Vale s.a.)
Abstract:
The handling and transport operations of green iron ore pellets from the discharge of disks or drums to the induration furnace are sufficient to induce damage to their integrity, and negatively impact the physical quality of the fired pellets. Any degradation in the formed pellets, in addition to increasing the recirculation load of the pellets, is detrimental to the permeability of the bed inside the furnace, generating an increase in the fuel and electricity consumption of the fans. Although it is known that the reduction of the severity of impacts during handling contributes to the reduction of mechanical degradation of the pellets, the lack of a mathematical model of degradation of green pellets, makes it difficult to make decisions about changes in the layout of existing plants. The work dealt with the use of a newly developed mathematical model to predict degradation of green pellets (MDPV) during handling and transportation, through simulation of different pellet circuit configurations through case studies. Simulation results demonstrated good agreement to industrial sampling results from a pelletizing disc circuit. The MDPV showed that removal of the single deck screen from the discharge of the discs would allow good circuit performance, reducing maintenance costs. Simulations indicated a reduction in the total pellet return, increasing the rate of on-sized pellets in the furnace by using a properly adjusted double-deck screen in the entrance of the induration furnace. With that, it would be possible to increase the plant throughput, or reduce the ore feed rate to the disks, prioritizing the quality of the green and fired pellets by increasing the rolling time.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Joaquim Luiz Monteiro de Barros (Kuttner do Brasil), Fabiana Moreira Costa (Kuttner do Brasil)
Abstract:
Compliance with environmental and standards, more than a legal requirement, is today a steelmaking companies commitment to its employees and society. In this way, the correct design of the gas cleaning and dedusting system is certainly an important point to solve adequately some needs of several steelmaking process in Brazil.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Júlio César Brasil Júnior (Faculdade de engenhria de resende), Alana carla miranda araújo (ipog), vinicius teixeira lopes (faculdade de engenharia de resende)
Abstract:
THIS ARTICLE SEEKS THROUGH A LITERATURE REVIEW TO PRESENT AND SHOW THE USE OF INERT GASES SUCH AS HELIUM (HE), ARGON( AR) AND ETC.ITS APPLICATION OF HEAT TREATMENTS IN ATMOSPHERE FURNACES, AND ALSO DESIGNATE THE USE OF HELIUM BEING THE BEST OPTION FOR THE CURRENT BRAZILIAN SCENARIO DUE TO ITS LOW COST AND GRET RESULTSM, EVEN WHEN IT COMES TO HIGH TEMPEARTURE RESISTANT METALS LIKE P91 ASTN A333, IMPROVING THEIR TESILE STRENGTH.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Vicente Pinto Neto (Primetals Technologies Brazil Ltda.), Wesley da Silva Fernandes (Primetals Technologies Brazil Ltda.)
Abstract:
STEEL INDUSTRIES ARE ALWAYS LOOKING FOR BETTER PERFORMANCES IN MECHANICAL COMPONENTS, THROUGH INCREASED PRODUCTIVITY, COST REDUCTION IN PROCESSES OR IMPROVED QUALITY. IN THIS SCENARIO, SUPPLIERS OF MANUFACTURING AND ROLLER MAINTENANCE SERVICES FOR CONTINUOUS LANGUAGE ARE DEVELOPING COATINGS WITH THE APPLICATION OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND POST-WELDING TREATMENTS. THIS WORK PRESENTS THE COMPARATIVE RESULTS BETWEEN FOOT ROLL MATERIALS AND COATINGS, NORMALLY MANUFACTURED IN DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES: IN CONNECTED BRONZE, HIGH RESISTANCE IN SHAPED BAR WITHOUT COATING, OR WITH A LARGE 52-STEEL QUALITY DIN FINISH. FCAW PROCESS WITH DIFFERENT MARTENSITIC STAINLESS ALLOYS WITHOUT THERMAL TREATMENT AND STRETCH IN TUBE ST-52 QUALITY DIN BY FCAW PROCESS WITH MARTENSITIC STAINLESS ALLOYS OF TYPE 17-4 PH, THERMALLY TREATED BY SECONDARY HARDENING OF PRECIPITATION. THE APPLICATION OF H1025 AGING TREATMENT PRESENTED THE BEST RESULTS. THE RESULTS OF INCREASED INCREASED RESISTANCE TO HOT WEAR WERE CORRELATED WITH THE REDUCTION OF THE TREND, THE FORMATION OF THERMAL CRACKS, METALLOGRAPHIC CHANGES, CARBONET MORPHOLOGY, WITH THE AGING TREATMENT APPLIED IN THIS ALLOY LINES. THE OPERATIONAL RESULTS HAVE PROVEN THE GOOD PERFORMANCE OF THIS COATING, WITH THE APPLICATION OF THE THERMAL TREATMENT OF AGING..
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 2:25 PM
Presenter(s): Gabriel Duarte Nodari (Arcelormittal), Rafael Meneguelli (ARCELORMITTAL), Valéria Paulino Borges Rios (Arcelormittal), Hans Rolf Kulitz (Ifes – campus Vitória)
Abstract:
The increasingly fierce competition in the steel sector, makes it necessary to implement technologies and develop innovative autonomous systems, in order to guarantee the agility, reliability and security of its internal processes. From this scenario, the present work aimed to develop an intelligent system based on deep learning, using computer vision and convolutional neural networks, for the detection of people transiting in regions close to risk areas, during the pig iron transformation process. steel, in a steel converter. With the results obtained, it was observed that the developed system presented adequate capacity in relation to image processing and detection of people in risk areas. It is concluded, therefore, that the system proved to be effective, bringing expressive benefits to the safety of people who circulate in the area.
Round Table
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Henrique Gatti Dias Turrer - process coordinator at Anglo American
Abstract:
Round Table
6/9/22, 2:00 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Coordinators: Eder Quental - Energy and Utilities Specialist at Gerdau; José Carlos D’Abreu - Professor emérito da PUC RJ - Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro
Abstract:
Keynote Speaker
6/9/22, 2:10 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Angelo Vasconcelos - Customer servisse manager at RHI MAGNESITA and Rodrigo Borges – Marketing Manager at RHI MAGNESITA
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): pericles guimarães oliveira aguiar (Aperam south america)
Abstract:
Controlling the thermal level of the Blast Furnace is essential to achieve the best results of: production, cost and quality. The thermal control basically depends on the management of the process by the operational team and the oscillation of the moisture of the raw materials charged. Charcoal, as a hygroscopic product (high capacity to absorb water), it’s the main source of moisture variation in the process, responsible for the thermal oscillations most of the time. In order to improve the Blast Furnace's thermal control operating system, were installed moisture analyzers in charcoal silos that operate on the microwave principle, allowing online analysis of the charcoal’s moisture percentage. With the implementation of online charcoal moisture analyzers and integration of the data collection logic to the automation systems, including PLC, Supervisory board and Level 2 System, it was possible to obtain the automatic correction of charcoal moisture in the mass balance. In view of this, the thermal level indicators (temperature and silicon content of hot metal) were compared to the results obtained in 2019. The average hot metal temperature had a significant reduction of 9.4 ° C, which corresponds to 2.54 kgC / t (kilo of carbon per ton of hot metal) less and the standard deviation of the silicon content in hot metal was reduced by 16.7%, indicating greater stability of the thermal level of the Blast Furnace. The silicon content out of range specified decreases by 11%. The number of charcoal moisture analyzes carried out by the laboratory has reduced 75% (from 12 to 3 analyzes in the day) and the number of mass balance updates due to moisture variation, reduced by 100% (from 12 to 0 updates on the day). The results achieved demonstrate that the implantation of the analyzers was carried out successfully, meeting quality, health and safety standards.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Antônio Monteiro Da Silva Neto (IFpb), Fábio Xavier Guedes Filho (ifpb), Francisco Augusto Vieira da Silva (IFpb), Romualdo Figueredo de Sousa (ifpb), Leandro Luttiane da Silva Linhares (ifpb), Leonardo Pereira de Lucena Silva (ifpb), joab Sobreira de Andrade (ifpb)
Abstract:
Machining is a complex process, making it necessary to analyze specific criteria during and after the machining process. Thus, some machining outcomes such as deformed chip thickness and contact length need to be investigated. For that, using the studies about the Poletica criterion, it becomes possible to obtain satisfactory results of the estimation of the contact length. This work conducted orthogonal cutting tests of the 7075-T645 alloy. The effects of cutting speed and chip thickness are investigated on the contact length of the chip-rake surface interface of the cutting tool. A correlation between the friction coefficient and the contact length is established. It was observed that the variations in cutting speed and feed rate directly influence the results obtained in the estimation of the contact length, that is, the highest increase in cutting parameters, the highest the contact length.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): Gustavo Sales de Paula (GERDAU - OURO BRANCO), Altair Lucio de Souza (GERDAU - OURO BRANCO), Geraldo Lúcio de FARIA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
This work aims to evaluate the performance of different thermomechanical rolling strategies of a Nb microalloyed steel rolled at a thickness of 4.75 mm in a Steckel mill using the MicroSim® software. Three rolling strategies were executed, exploring the reduction of the waiting interval between the stages of roughing and finishing, as well as the maximum deformation applied in the roughing passes. After the rollings, computational simulations were performed in MicroSim® and mechanical tests and metallographic analyzes were made to evaluate each strategy. This study showed that by applying the methodology used and a well-planned reduction in waiting time, it was possible to increase the mill's productivity by 18% without compromising the quality of the rolled products in terms of microstructural and mechanical properties.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): João Rodrigues de Barros Neto (Universidade federal do piauí), BRENO RABELO COUTINHO SARAIVA (Universidade Federal do Ceará), JOSÉ AMILTON CARDOSO DE OLIVEIRA FILHO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ), RODRIGO DE CARVALHO PAES LOUREIRO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ), ERENILTON PEREIRA DA SILVA (Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri), DANIEL RODRIGO LEIVA (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS), HAMILTON FERREIRA GOMES DE ABREU (universidade federal do ceará)
Abstract:
As-cast commercial purity (99.8%) Magnesium (Mg) was processed using Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) at 300 °C and 225 °C along 4 pass Bc route. The samples were characterized using Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD). This data was analyzed with MTEX software package. Then, grain size distribution, misorientation angle distribution, inverse pole figures, KAM maps, and GND plots were evaluated. The results showed that dynamic recrystallization occurs at both processing temperatures and is associated with production of equiaxed microstructure. Moreover, the lowest temperature was associated with smaller average grain diameter and standard deviation. Extrusion at 225 °C produced a better combination of grain size and crystallographic texture with the sake of improving mechanical properties of magnesium.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): nathália mello mascarenhas paixão (CEFET-MG), Maíza Souza Conrado (CEFET-MG), Wagner Sade (CEFET-MG), Marcelo ferreira (CEFET-MG)
Abstract:
Calendering is a mechanical formation process of great industrial relevance, since metal parts made out of this process – usually of tubular geometry – are applied in the fabrication of silos, eolic towers structure, tubes and plumbing of the construction sector, etc. The present work has proposed to analyze the hardness and the microstructure of calendered metal parts of SAE 1020 and SAE 1045 carbon steels and the effects of heat treatments on these. The low carbon steel part – SAE 1020 – was annealed for tension relief, and the medium carbon steel part – SAE 1045 – was quenched and then tempered. The hardness of both metal parts was measured and compared for three different moments: before the calendering, after it and after the heat treatment. Likewise, the microstructure of the metal plates was observed in these three distinct moments. The results have shown that the calendered metal plates had a higher hardness, comparing with the plates in the initial stage. SAE 1045 steel has presented higher hardness after quenching and tempering, while SAE 1020 steel has suffered huge hardness decrease after the annealing, due to tension relief and grain growth. It is possible to conclude that the application of quenching followed by tempering is valid for the increase of mechanical resistance of calendered SAE 1045 steel parts. Regarding the low carbon steel plates, the annealing process has caused a huge decrease in its hardness. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that the annealing process is not valid for the SAE 1020 steel, since the tension relief comes together with an expressive hardness decrease, that makes the steel part inappropriate for many uses.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): ANDERSON OLIVEIRA DA SILVA (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Karollyne Gomes de Castro Monsores (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Suzane de Sant' Ana Oliveira (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Géssica da Silva Nicolau (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Ricardo Pondé Weber (iME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Sérgio N. Monteiro (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), FERNANDA SANTOS LUZ (IME - INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
This work, evaluated the interfacial strength of aramid fiber treated with different times of ultraviolet radiation (UV), embedded into an epoxy matrix. Two (2) times of exposure to ultraviolet radiation were assumed. The samples before and after the treatments with UV were evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), roughness analysis, tensile and pullout tests. The results shows with the times of UV radiation promoted roughness (damages) on the surface of aramid fiber, attributed to effect of photo-oxidation generated by radiation. The values of maximum strength not have shown significant changes in the performance of the fiber after the treatments. The pullout results indicate that the UV radiation is an alternative for to functionalize and improve the attrition force between fiber and matrix.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): lEONARDO FRANCISCO BERÇOT (ARCELORMITTAL BRASIL)
Abstract:
The pulverized coal injection in blast furnaces is a common and intended practice in the steel industry as it brings a significant cost reduction in pig iron production. Coal partially replaces metallurgical coke, which is a more expensive fuel. The price per ton of mineral coal varies between 40 and 60% of the ton of coke, which justifies the steel industry's efforts to maximize the injection of coal into the blast furnaces. However, the increase of the injection can reduce the combustion efficiency in front of the tuyeres, which can contribute to operational problems in the blast furnace. With the intensification of coal injection in blast furnaces, several methods have been developed in order to infer about the efficiency of combustion in the raceway, among which standout those that assess the carbon contents present in the dust and sludge from the blast furnace gas cleaning system. This work intends to measure the carbon from PCI coal at different injection rates using the thermogravimetric method in samples collected in an uptake of ArcelorMittal Monlevade Blast furnace A and thereby infer on the combustion efficiency as a function of the rate of PCI coal.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): anderson denadai thomazini (vale s.a.), Rodrigo magalhães de Carvalho (UFRJ)
Abstract:
Balling plays a critical role in determining green pellet mechanical resistance as well as exerting direct influence on the fired iron ore pellets characteristics. This stage is normally carried out in in discs or drums, where the pellets are subjected to different levels of collisions. Recently, a mathematical model of degradation of green pellets was developed, which combines simulations using the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to a model describing breakage and damage of green pellets. This model allows to predict degradation in pelletizing circuits. The present work applies DEM to simulate green pellet drumming in order to understand how it affects the mechanical resistance of green pellets. From simulations of a drum operating at the pilot scale it was possible to conclude that the pellets were subjected to collision of magnitudes that were insufficient to cause their breakage. The industrial scale simulation showed that, in this case, the pellets were subjected to collisions of much higher magnitudes, and yet such collisions were still unable to significantly damage the pellets. These conditions were 8º of slope and rotation frequency of 4.4 rpm.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): moana duarte sutilo (CESLOG )
Abstract:
The urban areas are covered by several civil constructions that use in their roofs and slabs materials of relevant heat transmittance, directly influencing the thermal comfort conditions of the users. Seeking to improve the thermal performance of buildings and their surroundings, green roofs emerge as sustainable construction alternatives capable of minimizing the effects of sunlight on roofs. These roofs are covered by waterproofing and rainwater drainage systems, having a layer of soil and a layer of vegetation, which act as thermal insulation favoring the reduction of heat exchange between the internal and external environments of the building. Concomitant to the thermal performance, the implementation of green roofs benefits buildings by increasing energy efficiency, since, once the heat exchange between the media is reduced, the maintenance of ambient temperature occurs, consequently reducing the need for artificial air conditioning.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): sheila medeiros de carvalho (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO ESPIRI), Matheus Rodrigues Furlani (ufes), Rafael Humberto Mota de Siqueira (ieav), Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima (ieav)
Abstract:
Laser surface hardening (LSH) is an effective process to produce hard and wear resistant steel surfaces. This work produced hardened surfaces using a fiber laser in a bare (B. uncoated) and carbon-coated (C) conditions. The obtained hardness and microstructure were compatible to martensite (B) and cementite (C) major constituents. The highest hardness value of 330HV was observed in the hardened region in condition C. Finite elements analyses (FEA) shown the laser tracks heated up the substrate above the martensite start temperature and hardening was verified near to the laser tracks. A low coefficient of friction was also obtained using C-condition. The treated surface also presented little damage during a reciprocating wear against a hard metal sphere.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): daniel vallarelli gutierres (belge consultoria), marcelo koiti fugihara (belge consultoria), fábio heiji yamada (belge consultoria)
Abstract:
The steel industry, as other industries, have found benefits using data science to solve recurring problems, in their majority, complexes and in need of sufficient wide and sophisticated methodologies to deal with problems such as large quantities of variables, as predictive maintenance and product quality. Another relevant factor in this context are time constraints, in which the time interval to decision making are significantly short and can represent high costs, such as identification of defective products while being processed in a production line, or the anticipation of a maintenance through predictions of a Machine Learning (ML) model trained for this process
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:25 PM - 6/9/22, 2:50 PM
Presenter(s): tatiana fabiola guerra (GERDAU - OURO BRANCO)
Abstract:
The integration and coordination of data flow between levels 2 and 3 of automation of the Gerdau Ouro Branco is performed by the PCT system (Production Control Tool). New functionality was implemented within this system called Automatic Judgment. This module has the function of performing the automatic judgment of product quality requirements through the analysis of the dimensional characteristics (thickness, width and weight of the strips), processing temperatures (finishing and coiling) and profile (crown and wedge), identifying and mapping, along the length, possible defects and quality occurrences according to the predefined rules and parameterized by the process specialists. The tool proved to be effective in the hot rolled strip production process at Gerdau Ouro Branco, guaranteeing quality and, simultaneously, promoting increased productivity and performance of the quality inspection process
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): VICTOR FREIRE DE OLIVEIRA (PAUL WURTH DO BRASIL TECNOLOGIA E SOLUCOES INDUSTRIAIS), André Mendes Carneiro Lyrio (PAUL WURTH DO BRASIL TECNOLOGIA E SOLUCOES INDUSTRIAIS), Gisele Chaves Garducci (PAUL WURTH DO BRASIL TECNOLOGIA E SOLUCOES INDUSTRIAIS), Julia Cardim Gomes (PAUL WURTH DO BRASIL TECNOLOGIA E SOLUCOES INDUSTRIAIS), Yuri Pinheiro Ferreira (arcelormittal juiz de fora), Guilherme de Paula Azevedo (arcelormittal juiz de fora)
Abstract:
In order to revamp the refractory lining of its blast furnace 1, as well as to implement a new copper bosh cooling system, ArcelorMittal Juiz de Fora and Paul Wurth conducted the blow-down of the reactor down to the tuyere level, with subsequent salamander tapping. The activity had careful planning by the involved teams, installation of water sprays for top gas temperature control and nitrogen inertizing nozzles in the reactor’s shell, as well as remote gas analysis equipment, specific to the activity. The blow-down was successfully conducted, with zero accidents and the main aspects of its planning and execution are presented in this paper.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): marcos fábio veríssimo montezuma (ufc - universidade federal do ceará - lameff), enio pontes de deus (UFC - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO CEARÁ - LAMEFF), Cassius Olívio Figueiredo Terra Ruchert (usp - universidade de são paulo), MÁRCIO CORREA DE CARVALHO (UNIFESSPA - UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO SUL E SUDESTE DO PARÁ)
Abstract:
This work proposes to evaluate the effect of retardation and acceleration on crack propagation in aeronautical grade aluminum alloys, subject to a history of loading of constant and variable amplitudes, through numerical simulation, using real sequences of standardized loads. For the development of the model, the concepts of fracture mechanics and fatigue are used to create an algorithm, named Propag_Lameff, developed to evaluate the effect of delay and acceleration on crack propagation. The numerical results of the model are compared with experimental results produced in the laboratory. At the end of the work, this methodology may contribute to the construction of an open-source platform related to the phenomenon of fatigue, in order to provide independent analysis of closed programs that in generally they are paid and without the possibility of expanding their functionality by the user. This methodology can be used in several areas, in addition to the aeronautical industry, where the improvement in the development of new design criteria is necessary. The crack propagation delay mechanism allows the design criteria, considering fatigue, to be optimized and realistic, avoiding excessive safety margins in the design of a component or structure.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): LUIZ GUSTAVO DE OLIVEIRA ABREU (UFOP UNIV FED. DE OURO PRETO), rodrigo rangel porcaro (UFOP UNIV FED. DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
TIG welding makes it possible to obtain weld beads with high quality and a good finish. A-TIG process is used to increase the productivity and penetration of the weld by applying a layer of active flux on the surface of the base metal. Its effect is the reduction of the diameter of the arc column, with the consequent increase in the current density and the effect of the plasma jet in the weld liquid pool. This paper aimed to evaluate the influence of different active fluxes on ABNT 304 austenitic stainless steel and ASTM A36 structural steel, evaluating the effects on penetration, weld bead width and the melted area. Macrographic and micrographic analysis were performed to determine the visual aspects and to determine the morphology of the components present in the base metal and in the weld beads. Microhardness testing was used to evaluate the effects of using the flux on the weld bead. The results indicate that the fluxes formed by cellulosic coating and calcium chloride have the potential to improve penetration and productivity for the welding of ABNT 304 austenitic stainless steels.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Genaro Cassiano de souza (Gerdau)
Abstract:
This study evaluated the consistency of the test results of an automatic ultrasound testing machine on steel sheets and verified the effectiveness of the results obtained according to a standard. Tests of performance evaluation in the detection and study of Repeatability and Reproducibility (R&R) to evaluate the machine's measurement system, were performed with a standard plate containing previously known defects. The result obtained in the performance of the automatic ultrasound testing machine met the criteria established in the manufacturer's manual Foerster NDT and the repeatability study of the measurement system met the criteria established by the MSA manual of the Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG).
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Thomas zerenko (SBA mechatronics GmbH)
Abstract:
This paper targets mainly the techno-commercial possibilities of utilizing existing roll grinding machines for actual technical demands. Tailormade and flexible readiness for future challenges is the key to a sustainable roll shop operation. Roll grinding in the section of steel industry is an essential quality factor. Considering the huge variation of rolls, optimized flexibility is demanded by the roll grinding machine. State-of-the-art design principle, how to overcome typical weak points, modern CNC controls in combination with real-time measuring systems and uplift to Industry 4.0 data utilization is the major concern of this paper.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): vitor da silva de souza (universidade estadual do norte fluminense darcy ribeiro (uenf))
Abstract:
By the eclosion of solid waste from fluorescent lamps in the environment, considered pollutant and contaminant, the artificial stones arise as a sustainable escape for the commercialization and recycling of this material seeking to avoid polution. The aim of the Project is to evaluate the incorporation effect of fluorescent lamps waste from artificial stones recycling by using a Polymer matrix, looking for analyzing, determining and evaluating the stones to verify the approval of mechanical and physical properties making it possible to quantify values to the product for possible emergence of stakeholders. The methodology used has been the process of ‘’Vibration, Compression and Vacuum’’ which is currently used by the compacted artificial stones industry. In this process the waste was mixed with vegetable polymeric polyurethane resin and then submitted to a temperature of 80ºC under the pressure of 10ton promoting the polymerization. The artificial stone produced by waste from the lamp was submitted to a curing process andto tests. The results obtained for the density were 2.18g/cm³, 1.84 ± 0.17% of porosity and water absorption of 0.84 ± 0.07%. The maximum tension of rupture was 18 Mpa, showing a good resistance to chemical attack, and it also demonstrates to be compatible with artificial stones commercialized. It is concluded that the stone produced features an avarage quality, and it could be applied on some areas of civil construction, on internal areas such as walls, conventional floors and floating floors; with eventual use of water.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Robin Schott (Küttner), franz reufer (KÜTTNER)
Abstract:
Pulverized coal injection (PCI) is a very effective way to improve total fuel cost of the blast furnace. Hence, the optimization of PCI technology has still a significant impact on the profitability. In this regard Küttner has developed a new technology called Küttner Reactive PCI® and Küttner Reactive Oxycoal® which will be presented and discussed within this contribution. The idea behind Küttner Reactive PCI/Oxycoal® is quite simple but very effective. A small amount of a reactive gas will be added to the transport gas of pulverized coal conveyed and injected under dense phase conditions. After being injected into the tuyere of the blast furnace the reactive gas causes an acceleration of PC-gasification immediately. A possible increase of PCI-rate associated with a decrease of coke rate are the results of this process which gives the blast furnace operator the boost on the profitability. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide are most effective reactive gases but practically coke oven gas, converter off gas and blast furnace gas can be used. The main goal of the implementation of the Küttner Reactive PCI/Oxycoal® technology is primarily the reduction in fuel costs. An increase of the injection rate by 10 % which seems to be very realistic reduces coke rate due to the applicable coke/coal exchange factor by approx. 8 %. The reduction of the coke rate is the driving force for an economic blast furnace operation. Furthermore, this technology offers the opportunity of green hydrogen injection which opens the door to the green steel production.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): PEDRO UCHOA COSTA BARTOLOMEO (LHOIST)
Abstract:
Lhoist and Paul Wurth showed their willingness to take an active part in the transition of iron and steel making industry towards lower CO2 emissions processes by successfully engineering and developing a novel, small-scale induration furnace. Key features of the newly developed Lhoist/Paul Wurth Mini Pot-Grate facility include 1) high repeatability, 2) defined heat input, 3) automation enabling low operator manual effort, 4) the possibility of performing thermal shock, drying, heat up and firing tests on green pellets, 5) fast cooling without external source through ceramic heat absorption and 6) the measurement of the process gas flow. The lower time span and the amount of material required for a test constitute some of the benefits of the Mini Pot-Grate furnace compared to currently existing pot-grate facilities: depending on the firing step duration, performing a test takes between 1 and 2 hours (including cooling) during which a batch of only 1 kg of pellets can be processed. A description of the Mini Pot-Grate equipment is provided as well as a study of the current equipment capabilities. Studies were performed in order to confirm the repeatability of the tests, evaluate the homogeneity of temperature inside the sample pot and determine the maximum firing temperature and heating rate achievable. The Mini Pot-Grate reliably replicates firing of iron ore pellets profiles, which allows comparative studies of pellets for optimization of industrial heat profiles by correlating fired pellet qualities with induration time, temperature and process gas flows, and for the development of binders for i.e. direct reduced iron ore pellets.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Sandro Rodrigues (ArcelorMittal Tubarão), claudia Giacomin bof (Ecolab)
Abstract:
This work aims to present the results obtained in a plant trial conducted in the sinter plant of ArcelorMittal Tubarão, where dust suppression systems were installed in a belt conveyor and in a transfer chute. The approach was to use foam as dust control agent, which is particularly suitable for the treatment of bulk materials such as sinter, when moisture is a constrain. The system assembled was comprised of storage tanks, pumps, foam generator with proper controls for adjusting concentration and flow rate to the spray nozzles. The product used was a blend surfactant and other organic-based compounds developed for dust control over a wide range of industrial process. The performance of the application was recorded on video and photos, where the elimination of the usual clouds of brown ferrous dust was evident. Moisture levels were also measured, indicating 0,2% increase. This trial confirmed foam as a suitable choice for dust suppression on bulk material handling in steal plants.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Virgínia Cruz Rangel Albuquerque e Lima (Autônomo)
Abstract:
In this work, the study of the kinetics of recrystallization of a pure cold-rolled iron was carried out until a reduction of 80% of its transversal area. After deformed, the samples underwent annealing at 550ºC at different times. To describe the recrystallization kinetics, two models were used: JMAK (Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov) and MPM (microstructural path model). Based on the experimental data, X_VEX e S_XEV were calculated and it was observed that the JMAK model did not describe the recrystallization kinetics of the polycrystalline pure iron samples in this work, as its hypotheses limit its application in real situations. The MPM model, however, even with its limited assumptions, was able to describe the recrystallization kinetics of a pure polycrystalline iron. Humphreys, proposed in his book [1] a model to describe the kinetics of real materials and the result obtained experimentally is close to the expected for this model and, therefore, he also describes the kinetics of recrystallization of a polycrystalline iron.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): heliliano carlos sartori Guedes (vale s.a.), fernanda siqueira (odata), Pedro valezin (erm), Roberta lima (senai belém)
Abstract:
In this work, some of the dangers and operational risks related to belt conveyors were studied and it was proposed to install an interlock by an instrumented safety function, which, when detecting a high load on the conveyor, interrupts the dosage by closing a guillotine valve. The Hazop method was applied to identify hazards and the Lopa method to quantify the risks. In the function design, the safety lifecycle of the IEC 61511-1 standard was adopted, the method based on the reliability block diagrams, the simplified formulas of the VDI/VDE 2180-4 standard and spreadsheet electronic for calculations. To determine the probability of components failure, parameters such as lambdaDU (dangerous undetected failure rates), voting architecture and tests interval. The reliability of the function was achieved, obtaining SIL1 with a risk reduction factor 40, probability of failure on demand of 2.48E-02 per year
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 2:50 PM - 6/9/22, 3:15 PM
Presenter(s): Glaucon medeiros Silva (VALE - SAO LUIS - CARAJAS)
Abstract:
This work seeks to present the demand developed at the Ponta da Madeira Maritime Terminal, whose objective was to present in a wide and immediate way the moisture value per hold of the loaded ships, their validation with the TML values for the determined product and to verify the times of release and compliance of the results delivered by the Laboratory. The demand was developed in SQL, using integrations between the GPV (Vale Production Management), PIMS, LIMS and a database developed for this purpose. This presents the evolution of the solution for tracking the sample to the information for the Laboratory's client, passing from notes on paper, to an Excel spreadsheet and finally to the automatic and online solution. In short, the shipment registration is done in the GPV, an xml is made available to the PIMS that informs the Database, which in turn calculates the variables for sampling. When starting a certain load, the supervisory of the sampling tower informs the BD of all the increments performed, this informs the PIMS that calculates the tonnages and hold and makes it available to LIMS, where the humidity results are inserted. LIMS makes this data available again to the PIMS, which calculates the weighted average of humidity, per basement and makes it available on web screens for the customer to monitor during the operation.
Keynote Speaker
6/9/22, 2:55 PM - 6/9/22, 3:35 PM
Presenter(s): Laurent Chesseret - General Manager of Technology and Processes at Vallourec
Abstract:
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): RAFAEL DE MELLO MACHADO (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE OURO PRETO)
Abstract:
Charcoal grinder, or biochar, is nothing more than the fine charcoal that is generated during the transport and handling of this material, which due to a low mechanical resistance generates a large amount of fines. The biochar has interesting properties for use in the steelmaking processes, which is why it is currently being evaluated, and in some cases used, to replace part of coal that is used in coke making and in blast furnace injection, through the tuyers. The increasing environmental pressure that the steel companies have been suffering, due to CO2 emissions, biomasses as biochar has been gaining strength and can become strategic raw materials for CO2 reduction, besides reducing costs since it has lower price comparing to coals commonly used. With this, this work aims to present the biochar and some successful applications in the steelmaking processes, in addition to an economic and environmental analysis of the replacement of coal by this material.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): CASSIO BARBOSA (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia), Ibrahim de cerqueira abud (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia), Maurício de jesus monteiro (Instituto Nacional de tecnologia), claudio teodoro dos santos (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia), gerson ortiz gallo (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia), robson oliveira centeno (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia), ieda maria vieira caminha (Insituto Nacional de Tecnologia)
Abstract:
The increasing use of orthopedic surgical implants, both due to the increase in people's longevity, as well as the greater exposure to different types of accidents, has led to the need to develop metallic materials with better performance in this type of application. The aim of this work is to analyze how the failure of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy plate occurred after only 45 days of insertion of this implant in a patient about 50 years old. The use of experimental analysis techniques, such as optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), allowed the conclusion that the plate initially fractured due to fatigue, caused by the concentration of stresses resulting from inadequate machining in the roots of the thread threads of the holes in the hole. plaque, proceeding as a fragile transgranular fracture through the cleavage mechanism.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): TOMAZ FANTIN DE SOUZA (INSTITUTO FEDERAL SUL-RIO-GRAN)
Abstract:
This paper aims at analyzing the ability of two numerical models to reproduce the drawing force and the gradient of residual stresses in SAE1045 steel drawn bars. Compression tests were used to determinate flow curves of the real material. Simulation results using the experimentally measured flow curve and the ones are taken from the commercial Simufact.formingGR® software database were compared. A two-dimensional axisymmetric model was created using the database material software. In addition, a three-dimensional model was developed using the flow curve obtained by compression tests. The different models were created in order to compare differences between a more detailed with the simplest model for this process to estimate forces and residual stresses. The models were experimentally validated by comparing the simulated residual stresses with physical experiments using the Neutron Diffraction Method. Also, the drawing force as determined by the Siebel´s equation was compared with the simulated results of force. The two models reproduced the forces and residual stresses and no significant differences were found between them. Differences in measured and residual stresses are discussed.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): FABIO DE OLIVEIRA BRAGA (SENAI - DEPARTAMENTO REGIONAL)
Abstract:
The welding of cladded tubes is very common in the oil and gas industry. This allows the construction of resistant carbon steel pipelines with corrosion resistant lining to protect the structure from corrosive substances. Due to the complexity of the cladding interface, metallurgical problems might occur upon welding the cladded tubes during the assembly of the structure. Therefore, a welding procedure specification (WPS) should be carefully designed, qualified and followed. Thus, the objective of the present work is to perform the qualification of the WPS for joining a cladded API 5L X70Q rolled tube with a cladded ASTM A694 F70 forged flange, using as filler metal the Inconel 625 NiCrMo-3. The testing joint was subjected several tests, such as tensile test, bending test, Charpy V-notch test, Vickers hardness test and macrograph. The welded joint was approved in the tests, meeting the requirements of the ASME IX code and other applicable standards.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): thays Obando Brito (IME - INSTITUTO MILI), Camila do Nascimento Bernardo (UFRJ), Willian Hermogenes Ferreira (IMA), Luiz Henrique de Almeida (UFRJ), lEONARDO sALES ARAUJO (ufrj), Carlos Nelson Elias (ime)
Abstract:
The formation of microbial biofilms in medical devices has been a public health problem. Medical devices coated with antimicrobial agents have been developed to prevent the risk of infections. This work aims to produce poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) thin films with the active substance called Sucupira (Pterodon emarginatus) oil. These films can have potential applications in the deposition of medical devices. The films based on PCL and Sucupira oil mixture were obtained by solvent casting method. The samples were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), and microbiological analyses. The samples of AISI 420 steel used as substrate were treated through the chemical attack and coated by films by the solvent casting technique. The FTIR spectra for PCL + Sucupira oil film presented shift and the increase in the intensity of C-H bands from PCL. This result was attributed to the chemical interaction between nonpolar functional groups from oil and aliphatic chains from PCL. TGA results revealed that the incorporation of Sucupira oil within PCL increased the thermal stability of this polymer. SEM images have shown the discontinuity and raising of the roughness on the recovered film’s surface with oil natural. Moreover, the efficiency of the films about the deposition on the metallic biomaterials and disposal of films containing gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus), gram-negative, and yeast (C. Albicans) were proved. The results in this present work were promising as for the use of the natural oil pharmacological agents from Amazônia for the recovering of medical devices, especially sucupira oil.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): alberto eloy anduze nogueira (Instituto Federal de São Paulo, campus itaquaquecetuba.)
Abstract:
This work studies the effect of liquidus temperature of the slag in the process of iron carburation in self-reducing pellets. Analyzes of the samples obtained by optical microscope, SEM, EDS and LECO were performed. The results showed that the pellets without slag and with low liquidus temperature slag presented a good carburation and coalescence of the metallic phase, in which the slag contained carbide was smaller and both formed a single iron nodule. The pellet with high liquidus temperature slag presented a lower carburation of the iron, among the three tests, and an inefficient coalescence, obtaining as small products of iron nodules agglomerated together with the slag. Possibly this is because the slag forming oxides remained in the solid state, forming a physical barrier that made carburation and coalescence difficult
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): OTAVIO HENRIQUE MATOS DE ASSIS (UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MINAS GERAIS), Ismael vemdrame flores (Universidade federal do rio de janeiro), João victor souza alves (universidade federal de minas gerais), Maurício Covcevich Bagatini (universidade federal de minas gerais)
Abstract:
Recycling of the solid waste produced during iron and steelmaking processes plays a key role on providing process sustainability for steel mills around the world. For those wastes to be used in metallurgical reactors it is critical to understand their behavior while under the conditions found inside those reactors. The cohesive zone is of special interest while studying or running a blast furnace, since it controls gas-flow distribution and hence its productivity. Thus, in this study, the behavior of reduction softening and melting of mill scale briquettes was investigated via softening and melting experiments. The major parameters obtained were its cohesive zone starting and ending temperatures, maximum pressure drop inside this interval and the pressure drop integral over the cohesive zone interval. Also, the sample’s reduction behavior was described through three stages: gas-solid reaction, reduction retardation and melt reduction. Roughly, the briquettes sample’s had a similar performance of those most commonly used blast furnace burden materials
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): naggme hisse de lima dias (pontifícia universidade católica do rio de janeiro)
Abstract:
The steel industry in Brazil generated in 2019 about 5,0 Mton of slag from the LD/BOF process. Even though this slag has been utilized on civil engineering projects there are still several restrictions on its use, mainly due to the volumetric expansion caused by the free CaO. Studies on curing processes using water have shown effectivity on the reduction of the negative effects caused by free CaO. This work aimed to investigate the free CaO passivation reactions and the pH variation of the residual water generated for the humectation process. In such way, using samples from a steel manufacturer, experiments were appropriately planned where two slag stacks were being prepared for the aqueous solutions treatment during the period of 100 days. The techniques used for monitoring the calcium compounds were the chemical procedure using ethylene glycol, Thermogravimetry-TG and ICP-OES. The results showed a decrease of the free lime content from 11,67% to 0,36% along the 100 days and the pH reduction for the residual water generated during the humectation process, from 12,57 to 10,65, in the same period of 100 days. Finally, using a databank for “in situ” slag treatment, was possible an useful comparison with the results obtained.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Wagner Antonio Loreiro Lima Krepke (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), IANA COSTA CARVALHO (instituto militar de engenharia), Paulo Davi Borges Esteves (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Rodolfo da Silva Teixeira (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Talita Gama de Sousa (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Julianna Magalhães Garcia (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), Andersan dos santos paula (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA)
Abstract:
The High Entropy Alloys (HEA) under study AlCoCrFeNiTi and AlCrFeNiTi subjected to a heat treatment at 950 ºC for 24 hours, with cooling in water, to observe how microstructural and to criticize the homogenization of were subjected to the formation of funds, and then, an assessment of microstructural evolution. These analyzes were made with the aid of Optical Microscopy (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) (together with secondary electron detectors (SE) and backscattered (BSE)). The HEAs shown dendritic microstructural aspect with flower-shaped morphology in both alloys, the formation of more refined dendritic grains in the alloy without Co addition. The microstructure resulting from the heat treatment adopted resulted in cracks for both alloys, more intense in the alloy with Co, and did not promote significant microstructural modifications, that is, the casting morphology was maintained, however in the alloy with Co it appears that there was an increase in the dendritic grain size and a decrease in the interdendritic spacing, notes the inverse behavior in the alloy without Co - also emphasizing in this one a more striking aspect of the ramifications of the dendritic arms.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): bruna rahd mariano (cASCADIA SCIENTIFIC), Anderson antonio Lima (Mineração usiminas), maxuel teixeira (sotre s.a), frederico ibrahim horta (mineração usiminas)
Abstract:
Improvement of mine haul road by monitoring events generated by Caterpillar truck software known as Road Analysis Control (RAC) and measuring results obtained through Cascadia Scientific’s Software. RAC analyzes the variations in suspension pressures caused by the impact, when raised above the target, it generates an event. The criticality of the haul road is evaluated through the sensitivity of the system and is classified into three levels, where a level 3 is the worst-case scenario, and a level 1 the best. By identifying the geolocation of the alarm, the Mineração Usiminas road maintenance team could act in a targeted manner. The project started in June 2020, with sensitivity level 3, and currently the paths have zero level 2 alarms. Thus, the sensitivity will be changed to reach the maximum quality degree of haul roads stipulated by Caterpillar. The results obtained by monitoring fuel consumption, speed and vibration were measured using Cascadia Scientific telemetry system.
Technical Programming
6/9/22, 3:15 PM - 6/9/22, 3:40 PM
Presenter(s): Ana PaULA DE barcelos (Vale), Paulo henrique fontes coura (Vale s/a), Rodrigo de Melo Lima (progen), Jonathan Ribeiro Silva (TSA S/a), Joyce Paola Brito Martuchelly (VALE S/A), Paulo Henrique Vieira Soares (Vale s/a)
Abstract:
Human-machine interfaces have great importance in industry, allowing to manage and operate the plant from a safe location. In this way, it’s essential that these interfaces been always according to technical standards and best practices. The present work is a pilot-test of a new concept developed based on the ISA-101 technical standard. It was applied in a water withdrawal system in an iron ore mining plant at Itabira city, tested, hot commissioned (plant in operation) and is now currently available for supervision and control of operation. The results achieved and lessons learned will serve as a basis for interface modernization process that are being currently used in two major projects in implementation phase in the city.
EVALUATION OF COKE PRODUCED WITH THE ADDITION OF IMPREGNATED CHARCOAL BY COAL TAR
Presenter(s): MATHEUS TEIXEIRA FRAGA (lasid)
Abstract:
Previous laboratory studies carried out in thermobalance show that the use of tar impregnated charcoal results in decreased reactivity to CO2. The present study aimed to initiate the evaluation of the quality of coke produced in the laboratory from the insertion of charcoal impregnated with tar. For this, samples of fine charcoal with size between 0.5 and 1 were used and tar from the cokemaking process. The charcoal sample was mixes with coal tar giving rise to the impregnated charcoal sample. The cokes were produced from the insertion of charcoal and impregnated-charcoal, which were characterized by drop tests, drum I, CRI and SCR. The coke produced in this study showed that the addition of charcoal generates an increase in reactivity to CO2 and a decrease in mechanical resistance, while the use of charcoal impregnated with tar results in maintaining the quality of the coke. This is related to the protective effect against CO2 gas caused by the impregnation of coal tar on the charcoal particles
Closing
6/9/22, 4:00 PM - 6/9/22, 4:50 PM
Presenter(s): Horacidio Leal Barbosa Filho - Executive President of ABM
Abstract:
Technical Session
IMPACT IZOD TESTS ON EPOXY MATRIX COMPOSITES REINFORCED WITH EUCALYPTUS PARTICLES
Presenter(s): JUAM CARLOS PIEROTT CABRAL (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO - UENF), Rita de kassia gonçalves pereira (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO - UENF), david coverdale rangel velasco (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO - UENF), NOAN TONINI SIMONASSI (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO - UENF), SERGIO NEVES MONTEIRO (INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA), FELIPE PERISSÉ DUARTE LOPES (UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DO NORTE FLUMINENSE DARCY RIBEIRO - UENF)
Abstract:
In the construction industry, the generation of solid waste is quite high, often lacking a noble destination, such as eucalyptus logs used for scaffolding, which are later discarded in landfills. Eucalyptus is the most planted tree species in Brazil, representing about 75% of the total planting area, showing an interesting economic and technological potential for use in polymer composites. Therefore, this study evaluates the impact resistance of an epoxy matrix composite reinforced with eucalyptus particles derived from construction waste. Formulations containing 0%, 5%, 10%, and 20% by volume of eucalyptus were developed for Izod impact testing, using standardized test specimens. There was a decrease in impact resistance with the addition of eucalyptus particles compared to the formulation composed solely of epoxy.





